持续变刚度摩擦型阻尼器     

滕睿  陈曦  王涛 《世界地震工程》2010,26(4)

文中提出了一种具有持续可变滑移后刚度的摩擦型阻尼器。与传统摩擦阻尼器相比,这种阻尼器的滑移后刚度随变形增加而持续增长,承载能力显著提高。使用者可以根据不同地震水平下的性能目标调整输出力的大小,因此也为不同目标值下的结构控制提供了一种切实可行的方法。阻尼器采用套筒-活塞式结构,摩擦片通过橡胶层固化到活塞上,橡胶层同时为摩擦片提供面压。摩擦片与套筒内壁形成滑移面,该滑移面的内径沿轴向呈曲线变化,理论分析、数值模拟与试验结果表明,抛物线形的滑移面可提供呈三次函数关系的力与位移关系曲线,持续增长的刚度和出力,有利于改善结构的抗倒塌性能。  相似文献   

Procedures for calibration of linear models for damage limitation in design of masonry‐infilled RC frames          下载免费PDF全文

Paolo Ricci  Maria Teresa De Risi  Gerardo Mario Verderame  Gaetano Manfredi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(8):1315-1335

Recent earthquakes have confirmed the role played by infills in the seismic response of reinforced concrete buildings. The control and limitation of damage to such nonstructural elements is a key issue in performance‐based earthquake engineering. The present work is focused on modeling and analysis of damage to infill panels, and, in particular, it is aimed towards linear analysis procedures for assessing the damage limitation limit state of infilled reinforced concrete frames. First, code provisions on infill modeling and acceptance criteria at the damage limitation limit state are reviewed. Literature contributions on damage to unreinforced masonry infill panels and corresponding displacement capacity are reported and discussed. Two procedures are then proposed aiming at a twofold goal: (i) the determination of ‘equivalent’ interstory drift ratio limits for a bare frame model and (ii) the estimation of the stiffness of equivalent struts representing infill walls in a linear model. These two quantities are determined such that a linear model ensures a reliable estimation of seismic capacity at the damage limitation limit state, providing the same intensity level as that obtained from nonlinear analyses carried out on structural models with infills. Finally, the proposed procedures are applied to four‐story and eight‐story case study‐infilled frames, designed for seismic loads according to current technical codes. The results of these application examples are presented and discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

In‐plane and out‐of‐plane behavior of confined masonry walls for various toothing and openings details and prediction of their strength and stiffness          下载免费PDF全文

Vaibhav Singhal  Durgesh C. Rai 《地震工程与结构动力学》2016,45(15):2551-2569

Eight half‐scale brick masonry walls were tested to study two important aspects of confined masonry (CM) walls related to its seismic behavior under in‐plane and out‐of‐plane loads. Four solid wall specimens tested to investigate the role of type of interface between the masonry and tie‐columns, such as toothing varying from none to every course. The other four specimens with openings were tested to study the effectiveness of various strengthening options around opening to mitigate their negative influence. In the set of four walls, one wall was infilled frame while the other three were CM walls of different configurations. The experimental results were further used to determine the accuracy of various existing models in predicting the in‐plane response quantities of CM walls. Confined masonry walls maintained structural integrity even when severely damaged and performed much better than infill frames. No significant effect of toothing details was noticed although toothing at every brick course was preferred for better post‐peak response. For perforated walls, provision of vertical elements along with continuous horizontal bands around openings was more effective in improving the overall response. Several empirical and semi‐empirical equations are available to estimate the lateral strength and stiffness of CM walls, but those including the contribution of longitudinal reinforcement in tie‐columns provided better predictions. The available equations along with reduction factors proposed for infills could not provide good estimates of strength and stiffness for perforated CM walls. However, recently proposed relations correlating strength/stiffness with the degree of confinement provided reasonable predictions for all wall specimens. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Assessing the feasibility of integrating remote sensing and in-situ measurements in monitoring water quality status of Lake Chivero,Zimbabwe     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2016

This work investigates the likelihood of integrating the cheap and readily-available broadband multispectral MODIS data and in-situ measurements in quantifying and monitoring water quality status of an inland lake within Upper Manyame Catchment in Zimbabwe. Specifically we used MODIS images to quantify inland lake chlorophyll_a concentrations, as a proxy for predicting lake pollution levels. The findings of this study show a high chlorophyll_a concentration of 0.101 ± 0.128 μg/L within the Lake. The results further demonstrated that the chlorophyll_a concentration levels did not significantly vary (p = 0.788) between sites, except among depths (p = 0.05). Further, prediction results based on the relationship between observed and predicted chlorophyll_a produced a high R² value of 0.89 and a root mean square error (RMSE) value of 0.003 μg/L. Moreover, the derived landuse maps of Upper Manyame Catchment indicated a significant variation in the percentage settlement in 1985, 1994 and 2010 change from 1985 to 2010. For instance, 8% increase in settlement in the period between 1994 and 2010 and over 12% increase from 1985 to 2010 and a decline in percent forest coverage (i.e. 9.8% in 1985 to 2.0% in the year 2010) in the catchment was observed. Overall, the findings of this study highlights the importance of free and readily-available satellite datasets (such as the multispectral MODIS and Landsat) in quantifying and monitoring water quality across inland lakes especially in data-scarce areas like Sub-Saharan Africa.  相似文献   

软土地区深埋桩筏基础沉降实测与反分析     

肖俊华  赵锡宏 《岩土力学》2016,37(6):1680-1688

对上海环球金融中心（Shanghai World Financial Center,简称SWFC）实测沉降结果进行研究,分析坑底的回弹、沉降随时间的发展规律,并通过沉降推测上部结构刚度的变化情况。软土地区深埋桩筏基础沉降与加荷速率、基坑回弹、附加应力在桩长及桩下土中的传递、基坑降水与停止降水等多种因素有关。基础沉降-时间关系曲线并非理想的双曲线,即使是施工加荷速率相对稳定时。建筑物施工初始阶段沉降速率较小,与深基坑回弹密切相关,建筑物接近封顶时往往沉降速率较大,可能与附加应力传至桩端以下土中有关。沉降过程反映4.5 m的厚筏为弹性体,上部结构刚度对筏板刚度具有贡献性和有限性,上部刚度是随着施工的进程逐步形成。采用3种方法对SWFC进行沉降计算反分析,通过计算结果与实测数沉降数据进行对比得出,运用上海规范采取合适的经验系数（0.40～0.55）、考虑70%的水浮力,利用明德林解得出的计算结果与实测值吻合很好;深埋桩筏基础共同作用分析计算中不能过大考虑上部结构刚度的贡献。  相似文献   

Electrochemical effects in rocks: petroleum exploration and engineering–geological applications     

V.Yu. Shigaev   《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2009,50(11):991-994

The use of electrochemical effects in petroleum exploration and engineering–geological applications is discussed with reference to the Zhirnovsky oil and gas field where mobile forms of metals are 1.5–2 times above the background. Electrochemical stiffening applied to Maastrichtian shales, which are sliding planes of landslides in the Lower Volga area, increased their stiffness by a factor of 2 or more.  相似文献   

Seismic demand of plan-asymmetric structures: a revisit   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Rana Roy  Suvonkar Chakroborty 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(1):99-117

In view of the recognition of the importance of the interdependent behavior of strength and stiffness of walltype structural elements,the seismic demand of plan-asymmetric systems is revisited.Useful strength distribution strategies,i.e.,’Center of Strength-Center of Mass(CV-CM) coinciding’ and ’Balanced Center of Strength-Center of Resistance(CVCR)’ are adopted.Design charts for the seismic demand of classical uni-directionally and bi-directionally asymmetric systems are developed in a simple unified format.A conceptual framework is also outlined to conveniently apply the design charts.Illustrations are included to explain the use of the current recommendations in practical design.The study also highlights the relative performance of ’CV-CM coinciding’ and ’Balanced CV-CR’ criteria.  相似文献   

考虑弯曲刚度的悬索面内自由振动解析解     

肖一  卓卫东  范立础 《地震工程与工程振动》2013,33(4)

对索的准确模拟有时应考虑弯曲刚度的影响.在已有研究基础上,考虑弯曲刚度对悬索静力构形的影响,分别推导了两端固结和两端铰接边界条件下水平悬索面内自由振动的解析解,并修正了已有文献中的不足之处,该解在理论上较已有解析解更为准确,它可看作是已有文献在均匀索情况下的解析解.本文推导的解析解具有一定的理论意义.  相似文献   

A Winkler model approach for vertically and laterally loaded piles in nonhomogeneous soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Hiroyoshi Hirai 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(17):1869-1897

An investigation is made to present analytical solutions provided by a Winkler model approach for the analysis of single piles and pile groups subjected to vertical and lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils. The load transfer parameter of a single pile in nonhomogeneous soils is derived from the displacement influence factor obtained from Mindlin's solution for an elastic continuum analysis, without using the conventional form of the load transfer parameter adopting the maximum radius of the influence of the pile proposed by Randolph and Wroth. The modulus of the subgrade reaction along the pile in nonhomogeneous soils is expressed by using the displacement influence factor related to Mindlin's equation for an elastic continuum analysis to combine the elastic continuum approach with the subgrade reaction approach. The relationship between settlement and vertical load for a single pile in nonhomogeneous soils is obtained by using the recurrence equation for each layer. Using the modulus of the subgrade reaction represented by the displacement influence factor related to Mindlin's solution for the lateral load, the relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force for a single pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils is available in the form of the recurrence equation. The comparison of the results calculated by the present method for single piles and pile groups in nonhomogeneous soils has shown good agreement with those obtained from the more rigorous finite element and boundary element methods. It is found that the present procedure gives a good prediction on the behavior of piles in nonhomogeneous soils. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

离散元微观参数对砂土宏观参数的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

申志福  蒋明镜  朱方园  胡海军 《地震工程学报》2011,33(Z1)

采用离散元商业软件PFC2D对密砂和松砂试样共进行了66组双轴压缩试验,试验中改变颗粒接触刚度和粒间摩擦系数以探究离散元微观参数对试样宏观参数(弹性模量和内摩擦角)的影响,其中颗粒法向刚度变化范围为1.5×108～1.5×109N.m-1,粒间摩擦系数变化范围为0.1～0.7 N.m-1。结果表明:颗粒接触刚度对弹性模量有一定程度影响且对密样影响程度大于松样,而对内摩擦角基本无影响;粒间摩擦系数对试样弹性模量有明显影响且对松样的影响程度更大,对密样和松样的内摩擦角都有非常显著的影响。  相似文献