LOCATING EMPLOYMENT GROWTH IN URBAN AREAS TO MINIMIZE TRAVEL TIME     

《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):149-155

The transportation requirements of an urban area are, in part, a function of its land use pattern. Reducing travel in an urban area by effective land use design appears to be a worthwhile public policy objective. The planning model derived in this article uses as its core the matrix version of the Lowry model developed by Garin. The model allocates basic employment to the zones of an urban area in order to minimize work and service trips. A hypothetical planning problem for Metropolitan Toronto illustrates use of the model.  相似文献   

基于K-Means聚类的辽宁省主体功能区试划研究     

王利  纪胜男  马琳 《云南地理环境研究》2013,(5):33-38

在国家提出的新的主体功能区概念体系和划分思路前提下,基于辽宁省主体功能区划定要求的8个基本指标项定量综合评价基础数据,选择“典型的”优化开发区、重点开发区、农产品主产区和重点生态功能区,采用K-Means聚类方法,分别在不指定初始聚类中心、指定初始聚类中心、以及PCA分析（即主成份分析）基础上指定初始聚类中心3种方法,对于全省100个县市区做4类主体功能区试划分.分别将划分结果与全省最终采用的划分方案进行比较,结果表明采用在PCA分析基础上指定初始聚类中心技术方法的划分结果更接近最终采用方案.  相似文献   

Massively parallel spatial point pattern analysis: Ripley’s K function accelerated using graphics processing units     

Wenwu Tang  Wenpeng Feng  Meijuan Jia 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):412-439

This study presents a massively parallel spatial computing approach that uses general-purpose graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate Ripley’s K function for univariate spatial point pattern analysis. Ripley’s K function is a representative spatial point pattern analysis approach that allows for quantitatively evaluating the spatial dispersion characteristics of point patterns. However, considerable computation is often required when analyzing large spatial data using Ripley’s K function. In this study, we developed a massively parallel approach of Ripley’s K function for accelerating spatial point pattern analysis. GPUs serve as a massively parallel platform that is built on many-core architecture for speeding up Ripley’s K function. Variable-grained domain decomposition and thread-level synchronization based on shared memory are parallel strategies designed to exploit concurrency in the spatial algorithm of Ripley’s K function for efficient parallelization. Experimental results demonstrate that substantial acceleration is obtained for Ripley’s K function parallelized within GPU environments.  相似文献   

加速度记录测定近震震级在江苏地区的计算研究     

詹小艳  徐顺强  章东  王凯 《大地测量与地球动力学》2021,41(5):539-543

基于江苏强震台网和江苏测震台网的地震记录,采用时间域内实时仿真WA记录方法,对2007~2018年记录到的M2.3以上地震进行近震震级测定。为了定量分析基于加速度测定近震震级的可靠性,首先采用国标规定的新震级测定方法和量规函数测定了基于加速度记录的震级,并将结果与江苏测震台网基于速度记录测定的结果进行对比分析,得到线性拟合关系式：ML(ACC)=0.987ML＋1.371;另外计算了15 324组基于加速度测定的震级与人工编目震级之间的绝对偏差,结果显示,偏差在±0.5级以内的结果占87%;通过4阶多项式拟合后发现,在小于200 km范围内测定的震级略低于人工编目的结果,震中距超过200 km后无系统偏差。总体而言,两者结果的一致性较好,表明利用加速度记录仿真WA位移记录来计算近震震级是可行的,得到的结果也是可靠的。  相似文献   

基于序列参数的水库地震类型综合判定研究     

宋金  杨马陵  吴时平  蒋海昆 《中国地震》2013,29(4):462-471

收集整理了我国大陆东部地区44 组水库地震序列,其中震群型32 组,主余型和孤立型12 组。分别计算了44 组序列的h 值、b 值、归一化熵值K、能量均匀度U、地震发生方式参数ρ 等5 个序列参数。在95% 的置信水平下,对每一参数分震群型、主余型加孤立型两大类进行差异性检验。结果表明,h、U、ρ 值对水库地震序列类型的分类能力不强;b 值平均值虽存在一定差异,但数值分布范围有部分重叠;K 值差异性显著,K = 0. 35 可作为区分震群型与主余型加孤立型两类水库地震序列的判别指标。在此基础上,建立以上述5 个参数为自变量的Fisher 判别函数,用于序列类型的综合判定。结果显示,所有数据全部参与建立判别函数并进行回溯性内符判别检验,识别正确率为97. 6% ;利用32 组序列参数参与判别函数建立,另外10 组进行外推检验,识别正确率为100% ,表明上述综合判别方法具有较高的水库地震序列分类能力。  相似文献   

甘肃地区近震震级的量规函数研究   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1  

陈继锋  尹欣欣  董宗明  姚海东  蒲举 《中国地震》2013,29(3):327-334

采用甘肃测震台网“十五”宽频带数字地震记录资料,选取自2009 年1 月～ 2012 年12 月所记录的13086 次地震事件,通过震级残差统计方法计算了各台站单台震级与台网平均震级的偏差、平均偏差和标准偏差,分析了震级偏差频次分布和定量统计,修正了ML量规函数,得到了代表甘肃地区的地方性均匀震级量规函数。  相似文献   

洛阳地震台面波震级的偏差研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘晓锋  袁菲  陈宏峰  徐志国  任枭  邹立晔  邱海江  侯建民 《中国地震》2013,29(4):522-527

利用洛阳地震台1985 ～ 2003 年记录的1755 个地震的面波资料,采用与国家地震台网中心相同的面波震级公式,研究了该台测定的面波震级与国家地震台网中心测定面波震级之间的偏差。结果表明,洛阳地震台测定面波震级的偏差与震中距之间有明显的相关性,在1°≤Δ≤130°范围内面波震级由偏小0. 1 逐渐变化到偏大,Δ≥20°时偏大0. 2 ～ 0. 3;在130° ＜ Δ≤180°范围内偏大0. 2。  相似文献   

Dynamic interaction numerical models in the time domain based on the high performance scaled boundary finite element method     

Jianbo Li  Jun Liu  Gao Lin 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2013,12(4):541-546

Consideration of structure-foundation-soil dynamic interaction is a basic requirement in the evaluation of the seismic safety of nuclear power facilities. An efficient and accurate dynamic interaction numerical model in the time domain has become an important topic of current research. In this study, the scaled boundary finite element method （SBFEM） is improved for use as an effective numerical approach with good application prospects. This method has several advantages, including dimensionality reduction, accuracy of the radial analytical solution, and unlike other boundary element methods, it does not require a fundamental solution. This study focuses on establishing a high performance scaled boundary finite element interaction analysis model in the time domain based on the acceleration unit-impulse response matrix, in which several new solution techniques, such as a dimensionless method to solve the interaction force, are applied to improve the numerical stability of the actual soil parameters and reduce the amount of calculation. Finally, the feasibility of the time domain methods are illustrated by the response of the nuclear power structure and the accuracy of the algorithms are dynamically verified by comparison with the refinement of a large-scale viscoelastic soil model.  相似文献   

A frequency response function change method for damage localization and quantification in a shear building under ground excitation     

Ting‐Yu Hsu  Chin‐Hsiung Loh 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(5):653-668

A frequency response function change (FRFC) method to detect damage location and extent based on the change in the frequency response functions of a shear building under the effects of ground excitation was proposed in this paper. The damage identification equation was derived from the motion equations of the system before and after the occurrence of the damage. Efforts to make the FRFC method less model‐dependent were made. Intact system matrices, which could be estimated using the measured data without the need for an analytical model, and the frequency response functions were required for the FRFC method. The effects of measurement noise and model parameter error in the FRFC method were studied numerically. The proposed FRFC method was validated by experimental studies of a six‐story steel building structure with single and multiple damage cases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

大地震前区域能量场的时间因子异常特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨明芝  马禾青 《地震》2013,33(3)

本文采用自然正交函数展开方法,讨论了我国大陆发生的30次6.0级以上地震前的震中附近地区地震活动能量场的时间因子变化特征.结果表明,在大地震发生前,几个主要特征值所对应的典型场的时间因子均出现了明显的突升或突降变化,显示出与未来强地震有较好的对应关系.时间因子异常一般出现在震前1～3年,多数情况下小于2年,表现出异常的中短期特点;有些地震前异常出现时间小于3个月,显示出异常的短临性质.笔者认为,地震能量场时间因子可能是强地震前的一种有效的异常观测量和中短期异常指标.  相似文献