Tectono-metamorphic evolution of the Karakorum Metamorphic complex (Dassu–Askole area, NE Pakistan): exhumation of mid-crustal HT–MP gneisses in a convergent context     

Y. Rolland  G. Mahéo  S. Guillot  A. Pecher 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2001,19(6):717-737

The South Karakorum margin, east of the Himalayan syntaxis, consist of an E–W elongated zone of young (10–3 Ma) high‐grade metamorphic rocks (M2) and related migmatitic domes. This late tectono‐metamorphic event post‐dates the Palaeogene (55–37 Ma) phase of thickening of the belt featured by NW–SE structures and associated M1 amphibolite facies metamorphism (0.7 GPa, 700 °C). This M2 metamorphism is characterised by low‐pressure, high‐temperature conditions coeval with migmatite formation in response to a thermal increase of c. 150 °C compared to M1, culminating at a temperature of c. 770 °C and a pressure of 0.5–0.6 GPa. Rapid exhumation of migmatitic domes, at a rate of 5 mm yr^?1, was accommodated by vertical extrusion, in the core of E–W crustal‐scale folds. These crustal‐scale folds formed in response to N–S syn‐collisional shortening and were enhanced by thermal weakening of the migmatised continental crust. M2 metamorphism is spatially and temporarily associated with granitoids showing a mantle affinity, firmly suggesting that this could be the advective heat source for the granite and syenite generation and the subsequent migmatisation of the mid‐crustal level. Such relationships between a mantle‐related magmatism and a high‐temperature metamorphism in a convergent shortening context are suggestive of the breakoff of the subducted Indian slab since 20 Ma.  相似文献   

Observations on earthquake stress axes and seismic morphology of deep slabs     

Hua-wei Zhou 《Geophysical Journal International》1990,103(2):377-401

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考虑楼板作用的SRC柱-钢梁混合框架动力时程分析     

楚留声  周红照  田野  赵军 《地震工程与工程振动》2021,(1):78-84

为了解楼板空间作用对型钢混凝土(SRC)柱-钢梁混合框架抗震性能的影响,利用有限元软件ABAQUS分别建立带有楼板和不带楼板的两跨三层SRC柱-钢梁框架,选取2组天然波和1组人工波对其进行弹塑性分析,对比2种框架结构的型钢应力分布、混凝土板损伤、层间相对位移角以及框架基底剪力,分析楼板在结构抗震中的影响规律。结果表明:增加楼板可以有效增加框架抗侧刚度,最大可使层间位移角降低38.7%;同时可以减小核心区梁端塑性区域的面积,减缓型钢上翼缘应力发展速度;而且楼板的存在可使最大基底剪力提升60.7%,有利于减小结构损伤和提高抗震性能。  相似文献   

Tectonic cycles of the New England Orogen,eastern Australia: A Review     

K. Jessop  N. R. Daczko  S. Piazolo 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(4):459-496

The New England Orogen (NEO), the youngest of the orogens of the Tasmanides of eastern Australia, is defined by two main cycles of compression–extension. The compression component involves thrust tectonics and advance of the arc towards the continental plate, while extension is characterised by rifting, basin formation, thermal relaxation and retreat of the arc towards the oceanic plate. A compilation of 623 records of U–Pb zircon geochronology rock ages from Geoscience Australia, the geological surveys of Queensland and New South Wales and other published research throughout the orogen, has helped to clarify its complex tectonic history. This contribution focuses on the entire NEO and is aimed at those who are unfamiliar with the details of the orogen and who could benefit from a summary of current knowledge. It aims to fill a gap in recent literature between broad-scale overviews of the orogen incorporated as part of wider research on the Tasmanides and detailed studies usually specific to either the northern or southern parts of the orogen. Within the two main cycles of compression–extension, six accepted and distinct tectonic phases are defined and reviewed. Maps of geological processes active during each phase reveal the centres of activity during each tectonic phase, and the range in U–Pb zircon ages highlights the degree of diachronicity along the length of the NEO. In addition, remnants of the early Permian offshore arc formed during extensive slab rollback, are identified by the available geochronology. Estimates of the beginning of the Hunter-Bowen phase of compression, generally thought to commence around 265?Ma are complicated by the presence of extensional-type magmatism in eastern Queensland that occurred between 270 and 260?Ma.  相似文献   

High-Nb hawaiite–mugearite and high-Mg calc-alkaline lavas from northeastern Iran: Oligo-Miocene melts from modified mantle wedge     

Parham Ahmadi  Massimo Coltorti  Takeshi Kuritani  Yue Cai  Anna Maria Fioretti 《International Geology Review》2019,61(2):150-174

Tertiary volcanic rocks in northwestern Firoozeh, Iran (the Meshkan triangular structural unit), constitute vast outcrops (up to 250 km²) of high-Mg basaltic andesites to dacites that are associated with high-Nb hawaiites and mugearites. Whole-rock ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages show a restricted range of 24.1 ± 0.4–22.9 ± 0.5 Ma for the volcanic rocks. The initial ratios of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd vary from 0.703800 to 0.704256 and 0.512681 to 0.512877, respectively, in the high-Mg basaltic andesites–dacites. High-Th contents (up to 11 ppm) and Sr/Y values (27–100) and the isotopic composition of the subalkaline high-Mg basaltic andesites–dacites indicate derivation from a mantle modified by slab and sediment partial melts. Evidence such as reverse zoning and resorbed textures and high Ni and Cr contents in the evolved samples indicate that magma mixing with mafic melts and concurrent fractional crystallization lead to the compositional evolution of this series. The high-Nb hawaiites and mugearites, by contrast, have a sodic alkaline affinity and are silica undersaturated; they are also enriched in Nb (up to 47 ppm) and a wide range of incompatible trace elements, including LILE, LREE, and HFSE. Geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions of the high-Nb hawaiites and mugearites suggest derivation from a mantle source affected by lower degrees of slab melts. Post-orogenic slab break-off is suggested to have prompted the asthenospheric upwelling that triggered partial melting in mantle metasomatized by slab-derived melts.  相似文献   

内蒙古中部苏尼特左旗地区阿巴嘎组火山岩地球化学特征及成因     

张祥信  高永丰  雷世和 《地质通报》2019,38(4):643-655

内蒙古中部苏尼特左旗地区阿巴嘎组火山岩主要由安山岩组成。岩石富碱、高钾和铝、低镁。富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)Rb、Ba、U、K和轻稀土元素(LREE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSEs),具明显的Nb、Ta和Ti负异常和Pb正异常。稀土元素总量较高,轻、重稀土元素分馏强烈且属轻稀土元素富集型,具弱负Eu异常。主量、微量元素地球化学特征表明,阿巴嘎组安山岩为钾质火山岩,岩浆上升演化过程中经历了斜长石和铁镁矿物的分离结晶作用,无地壳物质的混染。阿巴嘎组钾质火山岩的形成与新生代太平洋板片俯冲密切相关,其岩浆来源于滞留的俯冲太平洋板片释放流体交代的富集陆下岩石圈地幔,是在板内伸展体制下含金云母石榴子石二辉橄榄岩低程度部分熔融的产物。这种板内伸展体制可能是新生代滞留于地幔过渡带中的太平洋板片俯冲后撤引起的。  相似文献   

一种新的火成岩——埃达克岩的研究综述   总被引：73，自引：0，他引：73  

王强  许继锋  赵振华 《地球科学进展》2001,16(2):201-208

埃达克岩 (adakite)是一种中酸性富钠火成岩 (安山岩、英安岩、钠质流纹岩及相应的侵入岩 ) ,其突出的地球化学特征就是 Si O2 ≥ 56% ,Al2 O3≥ 1 5% ,亏损重稀土元素 (HREE)与 Y(如 Yb≤ 1 .9× 1 0 -6,Y≤ 1 8× 1 0 -6) ,高 Sr(大多数 >40 0× 1 0 -6、La/Yb(≥ 1 0 .0 )与 Sr/Y(>2 0 .0～ 40 .0 ) ,一般具有正铕异常 (少数具有极弱负铕异常 )。埃达克岩存在两种成因类型 :一种由俯冲的年轻 (≤2 5～ 30 Ma)大洋板片熔融形成 ( 类埃达克岩 ) ;另一种由增厚地壳环境中的玄武质下地壳熔融形成 ( 类埃达克岩 )。对两类埃达克岩的特征、形成机制、成矿作用、动力学意义以及我国埃达克岩的研究现状进行了评述 ,并指出了埃达克岩研究中所存在的问题。  相似文献   

基于波形拟合的中国东海地区410 km间断面附近速度结构研究          下载免费PDF全文

李文兰  魏荣强  崔清辉  高雅健  周元泽 《地球物理学报》2018,61(1):150-160

410 km间断面是地幔转换带的顶界面,对其速度结构和起伏形态开展地震学探测有助于认识地球内部物质组成和相关的地球动力学过程.本文选取了由中国数字地震台网记录到的位于琉球俯冲区的一个中源地震P波宽频带波形资料,利用三重震相波形拟合研究了中国东海地区410 km间断面附近的精细速度结构.结果表明：中国东海地区下方410 km间断面整体表现为一尖锐的速度界面且有8~15 km的小幅抬升;该间断面之上存在52~62 km厚的低速层,其P波速度降低0.5%~1.6%;440 km深度以下存在1.0%~3.0%的P波高速异常.结合前人在该地区的层析成像结果,我们推测该高速异常体与西太平洋俯冲板片在中国东海地区地幔转换带内的滞留有关;板片内水相E分解使得转换带内水含量增加,这引发了410 km间断面的抬升;410 km间断面之上的低速层应与含水矿物脱水导致的地幔橄榄岩部分熔融有关.  相似文献   

小跨高比带楼板半通缝连梁抗震性能有限元分析          下载免费PDF全文

张超  陈向上  于德湖 《世界地震工程》2018,34(1):051-62

为了缓解联肢剪力墙中小跨高比连梁发生低延性的剪切破坏,增强连梁的变形和耗能能力,可在单连梁中轴线位置设置半通缝并配置交叉斜筋,形成半通缝连梁。本文完成了的对7种连梁的模拟,分析了在小跨高比、低周反复荷载作用条件下不同类型带楼板连梁的承载力、变形能力、刚度退化和耗能能力以及不同跨高比、不同开缝位置对带楼板半通缝连梁抗震性能的影响。结果表明:楼板会使半通缝连梁的剪压比增大,延性下降;但相比于普通连梁和双连梁,半通缝连梁具有较好的变形能力和承载力,可在实际中推广。  相似文献   

Elastic one-return boundary element method and hybrid elastic thin-slab propagator for strong-contrast media with sharp boundaries          下载免费PDF全文

Zengxi Ge  Yi Luo  Yuyan Ma  Rushan Wu 《地震科学（英文版）》2018,31(2):92-99

In this paper, we developed the theory and algorithm of an elastic one-way boundary element method(BEM) and a corresponding hybrid elastic thin-slab propagator for earth media with sharp boundaries between strong contrast media. This approach can takes the advantage of accurate boundary condition of BEM and completely overcomes the weak contrast limitation of the perturbationtheory based one-way operator approach. The one-way BEM is a smooth boundary approximation, which avoids huge matrix operations in exact full BEM. In addition, the one-way BEM can model the primary-only transmitted and reflected waves and therefore is a valuable tool in elastic imaging and inversion. Through numerical tests for some simple models,we proved the validity and efficiency of the proposed method.  相似文献