SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN YALU RIVER ESTUARY   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

GAOJian-hua GAOShu CHENGYan DONGLi-xian ZHANGJing 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(2):157-163

Tidal cycle measurements of tidal currents, salinity and water temperature, and suspended sediment concentra-tions were measured at four stations, together with surveys along two profdes short core collection within the Yalu River estuary.Grain size analysis of the three core sed~ment showed that: 1 ) the sediment from B1 to B3 became finer, worse sorting andpositively skewed; 2) the diversification of matter origin became more and more evident from east to west; 3) the sedimenta overthe region were of the same origin, as indicated by their similar colors and grain sizes. The data indicated that stratification occurred in the flood season, from upstream to downstream, and a salt wedge was formed. The water column was well mixed, butthe longitudinal gradient of the salinity was larger on spring tide. The resulta also showed that the dominating mechanism ofsuspended sediment transport in the Yalu River estuary was T1, T2, T3 and T5. The non-tidal steady advection transport wasrestricted by the net transport of suspended sediment induced by mass Stoked drift directed to landwards, then the net sedimenttransport rate were decreased and the turbidity maxima was also favored to forming and extending.  相似文献   

江西持续性暴雨的典型大尺度环流模型     

邹海波  单九生  吴珊珊  尹洁 《湖北气象》2013,(2):126-131

利用1961—2010年共50 a的500 hPa欧亚地区历史天气图资料对江西省74次持续性暴雨天气过程的大尺度环流形势进行分析,并建立了江西省持续性暴雨天气的大尺度环流模型。结果表明,该模型中,欧亚中高纬的长波槽脊呈双阻塞高压型,两个阻塞高压分别位于乌拉尔山西侧和鄂霍茨克海西侧;我国东北地区有一低涡,且从该低涡中心至江西附近地区有一深厚低压槽(华北槽);西太平洋副热带高压位于低纬西太平洋地区,其脊线位于20 N附近,西脊点位于110 E附近,副热带高压北侧的584 dagpm线位置(115 E的纬度)位于27 N附近;华北槽后的干冷空气与副热带高压西北侧的暖湿气流持续交汇于江西地区,为持续性暴雨提供了有利于水汽输送和辐合抬升条件。500 hPa的历史天气图和NCEP资料均显示,该大尺度环流模型具有较好的普适性。  相似文献   

中国北方秋雨与热带中太平洋海表冷却的关系   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

韩晋平  张人禾  苏京志 《大气科学》2013,37(5):1059-1071

本文利用1951～2011年中国160站降水、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和NOAA延长重建海表温度 (NOAA extended reconstructed SST) 资料,研究了中国9月北方秋雨的年际变化特征及其成因,并用ECHAM5大气环流模式开展了数值试验,最后对2011年9月历史罕见秋雨进行了分析。研究发现,中国北方秋雨有明显的年际和年代际变化,19世纪60年代到1980年代中期,北方秋雨偏多,1950年代、1980年代后期和1990年代秋雨偏少。北方秋雨与西太平洋副热带高压的西伸有密切联系,北方秋雨偏多时,副热带高压偏西偏强,有利于偏南风向北输送水汽并在中国北方辐合。西太平洋副热带高压的加强西伸与热带中太平洋的海表冷却密切有关,偏低的热带中太平洋海表温度(CTSSTI)使其上的对流活动受到抑制,热带西太平洋对流异常旺盛,在西北太平洋出现异常反气旋,加强东亚—西北太平洋的EAP波列,引起西太平洋副热带高压明显西伸,导致秋雨偏多。反之,热带中太平洋海表偏暖,副热带高压偏弱偏南,秋雨偏少。2011年9月北方秋雨的环流异常及成因与统计分析和数值模拟结果基本一致。  相似文献   

东亚副热带急流的空间结构及其与中国冬季气温的关系   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

姚慧茹  李栋梁 《大气科学》2013,37(4):881-890

本文利用1950～2012 年NCEP/NCAR 逐月再分析风场资料和中国542 个台站逐日观测资料研究东亚副热带急流(EAJ)的空间结构及其与中国冬季气温的关系。结果表明,东亚副热带急流在空间呈不规则管状结构,冬季急流体积最大,垂直厚度范围自500 hPa 至100 hPa;夏季急流体积最小,仅存在于200 hPa 附近。急流管在秋、冬、春季略呈西南—东北走向,在夏季呈西—东走向。不同高度上的最大风速轴线在南北方向的移动不尽一致,春、秋季低层风速轴比高层偏北。东亚急流管不同区域下方的垂直运动及其年变化存在差异。冬季东亚副热带急流强度与同期中国气温关系密切,特别是高原上空的急流越强时,中国大部分地区冬季气温偏低。  相似文献   

Seasonal evolution of subtropical anticyclones in the climate system model FGOALS-s2     

刘屹岷  胡俊  何编  包庆  段安民  吴国雄 《大气科学进展》2013,30(3):593-606

The simulation characteristics of the seasonal evolution of subtropical anticyclones in the Northern Hemisphere are documented for the Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land Systemmodel, Spectral Version 2 (FGOALS-s2), developed at the State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, the Institute of Atmospheric Physics. An understanding of the seasonal evolution of the subtropical anticyclones is also addressed. Compared with the global analysis established by the European Centre for Medium-Range Forecasts, the ERA-40 global reanalysis data, the general features of subtropical anticyclones and their evolution are simulated well in both winter and summer, while in spring a pronounced bias in the generation of the South Asia Anticyclone(SAA) exists. Its main deviation in geopotential height from the reanalysis is consistent with the bias of temperature in the troposphere. It is found that condensation heating (CO) plays a dominant role in the seasonal development of the SAA and the subtropical anticyclone over the western Pacific (SAWP) in the middle troposphere. The CO biases in the model account for the biases in the establishment of the SAA in spring and the weaker strength of the SAA and the SAWP from spring to summer. CO is persistently overestimated in the central-east tropical Pacific from winter to summer, while it is underestimated over the area from the South China Sea to the western Pacific from spring to summer. Such biases generate an illusive anticyclonic gyre in the upper troposphere above the middle Pacific and delay the generation of the SAA over South Asia in April. In midsummer, the simulated SAA is located farther north than in the ERA-40 data owing to excessively strong surface sensible heating (SE) to the north of the Tibetan Plateau. Whereas, the two surface subtropical anticyclones in the eastern oceans during spring to summer are controlled mainly by the surface SE over the two continents in the Northern Hemisphere, which are simulated reasonably well, albeit with their centers shifted westwards owing to the weaker longwave radiation cooling in the simulation associated with much weaker local stratiform cloud. Further improvements in the related parameterization of physical processes are therefore identified.  相似文献   

2009年夏季西太平洋副热带高压北抬原因初探   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

康志明  桂海林  王小光 《气象》2013,39(1):46-56

利用数值模式再分析数据和常规观测资料,分析研究2009年6-8月西太平洋副热带高压(以下简称副高)连续5次北抬至偏北位置,且异常稳定维持,造成江淮流域干旱少雨(空梅)之缘由.通过合成、相关等分析方法探讨西风带、副热带、热带主要大气环流系统之间的相互影响和作用,并利用全型涡度方程探讨副高北抬和强度维持的主要机制.结果表明:(1)西风带波动的传播与副高变化关系密切,西太平洋副高的北抬过程起始于中段副高(140°～160°E)强度加强;(2)副高北抬之前孟加拉湾东部有明显的对流活动,对于副高的北抬和加强有一定的指示意义,而副高南侧的对流活动与副高北抬之间是一种伴随关系;(3)涡度场变化分析可知,副高北抬的关键因素是中高纬度槽脊变化引起的东亚沿海负涡度的增加.  相似文献   

Variability Modes of the Winter Upper-Level Wind Field over Asian MidHigh Latitude Region          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Yao-Cun  XIAO Chu-Liang 《大气和海洋科学快报》2013,6(5):295-299

In this study,the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset was used to analyze the variability modes of the winter upper-level wind field over Asian mid-high latitude region.As shown by the results,the dominant variability modes of the winter upper-level wind field over Asian mid-high latitude region are characterized by the out-of-phase variation in the intensity of the subtropical and temperate jets over East Asia and the meridional shift of the subtropical jet axis,on interannual and multiannual scales,respectively.The first leading variability mode can be used as a good measure to represent the integral variation of atmospheric general circulation in Asian mid-latitude region.Composite analyses suggest that the first leading variability mode of the winter upper-level wind field is intimately related to the atmospheric circulation and temperature anomalies in the northern hemispheric mid-latitude region.  相似文献   

近赤道海温对西太平洋副高强度的影响机理——模糊映射诊断   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张韧  彭鹏  洪梅  黎鑫  余丹丹 《大气科学学报》2013,36(3):267-276

针对近赤道海温对西太平洋副高影响的复杂性和不确定性问题,引入自适应模糊推理系统方法,系统地分析了西太平洋副高强度对赤道东太平洋、赤道西太平洋和赤道印度洋等海区海温状况和冷暖变化的响应态势和响应程度。研究表明:副高对赤道东太平洋海温的变冷(增暖)过程将出现正距平的增强(减弱)响应,响应幅度随时间减弱(增强);副高对赤道印度洋海温增暖(变冷)的响应态势与对赤道东太平洋海温的响应态势相反,响应幅度远小于赤道东太平洋海温变化的响应幅度;副高对赤道西太平洋海温的增暖急缓表现出不同的响应态势,迅速增暖利于副高衰减,缓慢增暖则利于副高增强,而对于海温的变冷过程则有滞后的增强响应趋势。此外,上述海区的海温冷暖变化幅度和速度是导致副高变异的主要因素,较之海温基本热力状况对副高强度的影响更为显著。  相似文献   

一次副热带高压边缘切变线暖区暴雨特征分析          下载免费PDF全文

张芹  王恬茹  张秀珍  袁静  王善芳 《山东气象》2020,40(3):102-110

利用常规气象观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料以及卫星和雷达资料,对2018年6月25—26日副热带高压(简称“副高”)边缘切变线暖区暴雨的大尺度环流背景、雨带的移动与传播、中尺度特征以及温湿特征等方面进行分析。结果表明：此次暖区暴雨过程是在副高稳定维持,500 hPa西风槽东移,并有低空急流配合,低空暖切变线触发不稳定能量释放的有利背景下产生的;暴雨落区位于700 hPa暖切变线和925 hPa暖切变线之间;暴雨期间,小尺度对流单体在鲁南地区触发,云顶亮温tbb≤-60 ℃,并沿引导气流向东北方向移动;强降水区域有多个强回波中心持续影响,有明显的“列车效应”,强回波持续时间长;红外云图能很好地反映天气系统的发生、发展和消亡,而水汽图像上色调暗区不明显,冷空气活动较弱;低层暖湿气流强烈发展,是造成此次暖区暴雨过程层结不稳定的主要原因;暴雨的水汽源地是孟加拉湾和南海,且强降水期间,随着西南暖湿气流的增强,水汽通量有一个跃增现象;云顶tbb≤-70 ℃覆盖的区域、水汽通量散度负值中心可以作为暖区暴雨落区预报的参考点。  相似文献   

夏季东亚副热带西风急流的季节内变化及其与我国东部降水的关系     

储鹏  姚素香 《气象科学》2020,40(4):458-466

利用ERA-interim再分析资料和中国降水观测数据,分析了夏季东亚副热带西风急流的季节内变化以及对我国降水的可能影响,结果表明:亚洲地区夏季200 hPa纬向风在空间上主要表现为南北振荡和东西振荡特征,在时间上具有10～40 d的周期;在低频尺度(10～40 d)上,纬向风异常由西北先向东传播,到达东亚地区后再向南传播;伴随低频纬向风季节内演变,高原以北的急流中心向东和东南移动,急流轴也呈现南北振荡的特征;降水异常对200 hPa风场低频振荡有显著响应,在东亚地区,低频纬向风与低频降水南移,降水在黄淮地区出现,并逐渐移至长江及其以南地区;急流附近的低频西(东)风异常在其南侧形成负(正)切变涡度,对应我国东部地区位势高度的升高(降低),使得南亚高压东伸(西退),从而使我国东部雨带的位置发生显著变化。  相似文献