“94·7"北京大暴雨的能量转换          下载免费PDF全文

谷笳鸣 《气象》1995,21(10):36-38

用尺度分离的方法，对１９９４年７月华北一次暴雨过程中雨区内的能量制造和转换进行了计算，目的在于揭示暴雨前后不同的能量制造和转换特征。  相似文献   

WINDOWS95下图形编辑支撑功能的实现     

吴升 《测绘工程》1999,8(3):61-64

图形编辑工具在地图数据库系统,地理信息系统和地理信息的自动综合系统的系统构成上一直是个非常重要的部分,文中着重讨论在ＷＩＮＤＯＷＳ９５下坐标变换,窗口缩放,图形漫等图形编辑的支撑功能的实现。  相似文献   

TRANSACTIONAL AND TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORIES IN BEHAVIORAL GEOGRAPHY     

Stuart C. Aitken  Elaine M. Bjorklund 《The Professional geographer》1988,40(1):54-64

Inadequate theoretical conceptualization of person/environment relations has characterized behavioral geography as an eclectic and incoherent subfield. Past work has failed to appreciate the person/environment unity as an entity of change. A transactional/transformational perspective is adopted in this paper as a basis for understanding the relationships between the dynamics of human behavior and the dynamics of the environment. Two conceptual models are developed which provide bases for understanding (i) different modes of person/environment transformation, and (ii) human behavior as it mediates change. The potential relevance of a transactional perspective for empirical research in behavioral geography is noted.  相似文献   

When are relative variograms useful in geostatistics?     

Noel Cressie 《Mathematical Geology》1985,17(7):693-702

The relative variogram has been employed as a tool for correcting a simple kind of nonstationarity, namely that in which local variance is proportional to local mean squared. In the past, this has been linked in a vague way to the lognormal distribution, although if {Z_t; t D}is strongly stationary and normal over a domain D,then clearly {exp (Z_t); t D}will stillbe stationary, but lognormal. The appropriate link is made in this article through a universal transformation principle. More general situations are considered, leading to the use of a scaled variogram.  相似文献   

Environmental transformation of the Bilbao estuary,N. Spain: microfaunal and geochemical proxies in the recent sedimentary record     

Cearreta A  Irabien MJ  Leorri E  Yusta I  Quintanilla A  Zabaleta A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(6):487-503

The distribution and abundance of benthic foraminifera and a range of elements have been analysed in six long cores (up to 10 m long) from the Bilbao estuary, N. Spain, to document environmental transformation of this estuarine ecosystem and to determine sediment contamination levels. Three different environmental zones could be distinguished in the recent sedimentary record based on its microfaunal and geochemical contents. Initially, a pre-industrial zone containing very abundant and diverse foraminiferal assemblages together with baseline metal levels. Secondly, an older industrial zone exhibiting co-existence of abundant and diverse foraminiferal assemblages with high concentrations of metals. Finally, a younger industrial zone with extreme concentrations of metals and barren of indigenous foraminifera. This environmental transformation has been caused by the discharge of untreated domestic and industrial effluents during the last 150 years. The occurrence of foraminifera in the two industrial zones and along the estuary is not related to defined levels of metals, and this seems to confirm oxygen limitation as the key factor to explain complete estuarine defaunation during deposition of the younger industrial zone (period 1950-2000). Effectiveness of current regeneration schemes could be assessed using microfaunal and geochemical proxies as environmental quality indicators.  相似文献   

Defect structure of the low temperature α-cristobalite phase and the cristobalite ⇆ tridymite transformation in (Si-Ge)O2     

H. Lemmens  M. Czank  G. Van Tendeloo  S. Amelinckx 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2000,27(6):386-397

Using minimum exposure techniques, it is feasible to perform high resolution electron microscopy on the α-cristobalite phase of (Si_0.9 Ge_0.1)O₂, which is extremely radiation sensitive. Such images reveal atomic scale information of twins and tridymite-like stacking faults on (1 1 1)_β planes, as well as of domain boundaries resulting from the β→α transition. Polytype structures are formed in certain cases. Morphological features suggest that the phase transformation cristobalite → tridymite proceeds by means of a zonal dislocation mediated synchro-shear process on (1 1 1)_β planes; the geometry of this process is analyzed. Received: 13 June 1999 / Accepted: 30 October 1999  相似文献   

Diffusive wave solutions for open channel flows with uniform and concentrated lateral inflow     

P. Fan  J.C. Li 《Advances in water resources》2006

The diffusive wave equation with inhomogeneous terms representing hydraulics with uniform or concentrated lateral inflow into a river is theoretically investigated in the current paper. All the solutions have been systematically expressed in a unified form in terms of response function or so called K-function. The integration of K-function obtained by using Laplace transform becomes S-function, which is examined in detail to improve the understanding of flood routing characters. The backwater effects usually resulting in the discharge reductions and water surface elevations upstream due to both the downstream boundary and lateral inflow are analyzed. With a pulse discharge in upstream boundary inflow, downstream boundary outflow and lateral inflow respectively, hydrographs of a channel are routed by using the S-functions. Moreover, the comparisons of hydrographs in infinite, semi-infinite and finite channels are pursued to exhibit the different backwater effects due to a concentrated lateral inflow for various channel types.  相似文献   

准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系层序地层划分   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邱春光  邓宏文  吴铁壮  王胜建 《新疆地质》2006,24(2):165-170

根据工区内现有的钻井、测井和地震资料,应用以基准面为参照格架的高分辨层序地层学理论与研究方法,对准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系进行了层序界面的识别.共识别出层序界面7个,对应划分出1个长期基准面旋回和6个中期基准面旋回,长期基准面旋回界面的性质为区域性角度不整合,中期基准面旋回界面性质包括局部不整合、沉积转换面和同沉积侵蚀面.沉积转换面的识别对中期基准面旋回界面的识别起重要作用.  相似文献   

非结构网格上的三维浅水流动数值模型   总被引：7，自引：3，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

赖锡军  曲卓杰  周杰  申满斌 《水科学进展》2006,17(5):693-699

针对当前复杂环境水流模拟的需求,建立了新型的基于特征型高分辨率数值算法的三维非结构网格浅水动力模型。模型采用有限体积法离散sigma坐标下的三维浅水方程,运用Roe黎曼近似解评估水平界面通量。模型网格拟合边界能力强,可根据需要局部加密;格式数值性能优良,具有守恒性、单调迎风性、高数值分辨率等特性。同时,应用干湿判别法处理动边界,以适应浅滩地形漫/露过程模拟的需要。封闭水池内部风生环流、干河床上溃坝过程和长江口实际潮流场的模拟从不同侧面展示了模型的特点,结果表明它能够准确地预测水流的三维流动结构,而且计算简单高效,具有良好的数值稳定性。  相似文献   

视觉测量中相机外参数近似值的快速求解     

王保丰  顾航程  黄桂平  陈继华 《测绘科学技术学报》2006,23(3):182-184

提出了利用3个不共线的控制点对相机外参数近似值进行快速求解的一种方法.利用3个控制点与其像坐标间的几何关系求得3个控制点在摄站坐标系下的坐标;由控制点的已知控制坐标与求得的摄站坐标系下的坐标,进一步求得两坐标系的转换参数的初值;通过解析法或光束法对相机外参数用初值进行精确标定.并通过一组模拟数据验证了该方法的正确性.  相似文献