预应力锚杆对岩体板裂化的控制机制研究     

周辉  徐荣超  张传庆  卢景景  孟凡震  沈峥 《岩土力学》2015,36(8):2129-2136

为探究预应力锚杆对岩体板裂化破坏的控制机制,首先进行了岩体板裂化破坏的室内物理模型试验,并运用FLAC数值模拟技术,模拟了平面应变状态下板裂化破坏的形成过程;在此基础上,通过3种不同的预应力锚杆施加方案,进行预应力锚杆对岩体板裂化破坏控制机制的数值试验。研究结果表明：预应力锚杆的作用削弱了裂隙尖端应力集中现象,有效地抑制了岩体内裂隙的扩展与贯通、板裂化破坏的形成;作用在板裂区边界的预应力锚杆,不仅能够抑制板裂化破坏的形成,而且能在一定程度上控制板裂化破坏的范围;作用在板裂破坏区内的预应力锚杆,可有效限制板裂岩体向临空面的位移,体现出提高板裂岩体整体变形刚度的作用。研究结果对认识深埋隧洞围岩板裂化破坏的形成机制、板裂化破坏的合理支护控制以及岩爆防治具有重要指导价值。  相似文献   

软土地基上影响预应力钢筒混凝土管相对转角关键因素研究     

孙立强  张京京  李恒  闫澍旺  霍知亮 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):293-298

预应力钢筒混凝土输水管线(PCCP)已广泛应用于地下输水工程,特别是南水北调工程。管道接口属于半刚性结构,相邻管道可产生一定的自由转角,在自由转角范围内两管之间不会产生内力。当相对转角大于自由转角时,两管会产生相互作用力,作用力过大会导致PCCP管的破坏,如何有效地控制不均匀软土地基上相邻管道转角成为研究管道安全的关键问题之一。首先分析了导致PCCP管线产生相对转角的机制,结合现场试验和数值分析对控制PCCP管线相对转角的关键因素进行研究。研究表明,相对转角的敏感因素为管道底部碎石垫层厚度、腰部以下砂垫层（砂包角）厚度和压实度,随着碎石垫层厚度增大、砂垫层（砂包角）厚度和压实度增加,管线相对转角降低,通过控制这3个因素可有效控制PCCP管的相对转角。研究成果可为软土地基上PCCP输水工程设计提供依据和指导。  相似文献   

Dynamic analysis of slab track on multi-layered transversely isotropic saturated soils subjected to train loads   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhan Yongxiang  Yao Hailin  Lu Zheng  Yu Dongming 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)

The dynamic responses of a slab track on transversely isotropic saturated soils subjected to moving train loads are investigated by a semi-analytical approach. The track model is described as an upper Euler beam to simulate the rails and a lower Euler beam to model the slab. Rail pads between the rails and slab are represented by a continuous layer of springs and dashpots. A series of point loads are formulated to describe the moving train loads. The governing equations of track-ground systems are solved using the double Fourier transform, and the dynamic responses in the time domain are obtained by the inverse Fourier transform. The results show that a train load with high velocity will generate a larger response in transversely isotropic saturated soil than the lower velocity load, and special attention should be paid on the pore pressure in the vicinity of the ground surface. The anisotropic parameters of a surface soil layer will have greater influence on the displacement and excess pore water pressure than those of the subsoil layer. The traditional design method taking ground soil as homogeneous isotropic soil is unsafe for the case of RE 1 and RG 1, so a transversely isotropic foundation model is of great significance to the design for high train velocities.  相似文献   

大跨度预应力混凝土连续刚构桥的动力特性分析   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  

宗周红  赖苍林  林友勤  任伟新 《地震工程与工程振动》2004,24(3):98-104

介绍了福建泉州后渚大桥——大跨度预应力混凝土连续刚构桥的现场环境振动实验．并利用频域中的单模态识别法(SDOFI)、峰值法(PP)和时域中的随机子空间识别法(SSI)分别进行桥梁动力特性识别。利用ANSYS建立了全桥三维有限元模型并进行了理论模态分析,基于参数分析和环境振动测试结果对有限元模型进行了标定,建立了该桥的基准有限元模型,该模型可服务于桥梁长期健康监测与状态评估。  相似文献   

大跨预应力混凝土框架结构的静力弹塑性(pushover)分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

熊学玉  李春祥  耿耀明  黄鼎业 《地震工程与工程振动》2004,24(1):68-75

基于美国规范ATC-40和N2方法,建立了大跨预应力混凝土框架结构竖向地震反应的静力弹塑性(pushover)分析方法。编制了预应力混凝土构件截面弯矩-曲率的计算程序。这些为评价大跨预应力混凝土框架结构的竖向抗震能力提供了有益的参考。结合具体工程实例进一步说明了该方法的实施步骤。  相似文献   

考虑各向异性的层土-盾构隧道地震反应数值模拟   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

祝彦知  仲政 《地震工程与工程振动》2004,24(4):90-98

在层状各向异性土体-盾构隧道地震反应分析中,引入了横观各向同性弹塑性模型理论,建立了适合于横观各向同性介质的双渐近-多向透射边界条件。针对地铁区间盾构隧道抗震设计的特点,基于横观各向同性弹塑性模型,研制了考虑层状土体各向异性和施工开挖效应,适合于盾构隧道动力计算的各向异性弹塑性动力有限元程序。在程序中对于不同的材料采用了不同的本构关系和不同的单元形式,并采用了关联流动法则和多种屈服准则,可同时进行各向异性土体与地下结构的二维平面应力、平面应变和轴对称问题的静力和动力数值分析。最后利用所研制的程序进行了上海地铁二号线石门一路站附近区间隧道在不同超越概率地震动输入下的隧道反应计算。结果表明,在层状土体-地铁区间隧道的抗震分析中考虑土体各向异性的影响是必要的,所提出的计算模型是可行的。  相似文献   

Genetic type,distribution patterns and controlling factors of beach and bars in the second member of the Shahejie formation in the Dawangbei Sag,Bohai Bay,China     

Deng Hongwen  Xiao Yi  Ma Lixiang  Jiang Zhenglong 《Geological Journal》2011,46(4):380-389

As an important reservoir type in the Bohai Bay Basin, China, lacustrine beach and bar sands which refer to the shallow water complex deposited mainly by nearshore, delta‐rim and buried hill‐related beaches as well as longshore bars were developed in a particular stage in the evolution of those faulted Cenozoic continental depressions. In the Chezhen Depression, for example, the Second Member of the Oligocene Shehejie Formation (abbr. as Es2 hereafter) formed during the rifting‐to‐thermal subsidence transitional stage. Although well developed in Es2, beach and bar sands are difficult to recognize owing to their relative thinness. The paper summarizes sedimentary characteristics of lacustrine beach and bar sands on cores and logs. Low‐angle cross‐stratification, swash stratification, as well as occasional small‐scale hummocky cross‐stratification resulted from storms can be observed in beach and bar sands. The paper distinguishes bars and beaches from each other in Es2 mainly based on the grain‐size, bed thickness, facies succession and log responses. In order to predict the distribution of beach and bars, a chrono‐stratigraphic correlation framework of Es2 in the study strata is established using a high‐resolution sequence stratigraphic approach. Es2 strata are sub‐divided into six medium‐scale cycles and the mapping of the high‐frequency cycles allows the geographic and stratigraphic distribution of both beach and bar sands to be predicted. The study shows that beach and bars are better developed in times of base‐level fall than in base‐level rise. Factors such as lake‐level fluctuation, sediment supply, palaeogeomorphology and palaeowind direction have exerted control on the formation and distribution of beach and bar sands. Finally, the genetic pattern of beach and bar sands in the Es2 unit has been constructed, which provides a foundation for the prediction of beach and bars reservoir in continental basins in general. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

大型地下洞室对穿预应力锚索失效形式与耦合模型   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

江权  陈建林  冯夏庭  陈静  崔洁  万祥兵  侯靖 《岩土力学》2013,34(8):2271-2279

以锦屏二级水电站地下厂房与主变室之间中隔墙的多根对穿预应力锚索失效实例为背景,首先总结对穿预应力锚索失效的多种现场表现形式,采用现场取证和室内试验再现的方式论证锚索钢绞线断裂的拉破坏模式。将对穿锚索视为弹脆性体,被锚固围岩视为黏弹性体,提出描述对穿预应力锚索与被锚固围岩之间相互作用关系的锚索-围岩耦合元件模型,并据此分别阐明在洞室开挖卸荷阶段和围岩时效变形阶段中预应力锚索的力学响应机制和荷载变化规律。最后,在现场调研、室内试验和机制分析基础上,综合分析导致锦屏二级水电站地下厂房与主变室之间对穿锚索失效的主要原因,并探讨对穿预应力锚索与被锚固围岩之间对立统一的矛盾关系以及大型洞室群预应力锚索支护时机问题。  相似文献   

顺层岩质边坡预应力锚索抗震加固机制研究     

王秒  李海波  刘亚群  张伟  黄晓程 《岩土力学》2013,34(12):3555-3560

将顺层岩质边坡的层面考虑为弱面,将其等效为等间距共线多节理的力学模型。预应力锚索加固边坡的锚固模型等效为平面有限宽度岩体节理问题。并将初始应力和地震荷载引起的附加动应力视为远场作用,锚固边坡的受力问题视为远场作用效果和节理面集中力作用效果的叠加。根据叠加原理计算地震荷载作用下裂纹端部应力强度因子,发现位于裂纹端部的预应力锚索能大幅度降低I型裂纹的应力强度因子。以应力强度因子作为岩体的压剪破坏判据解释顺层岩质边坡预应力锚索的抗震加固机制,能很好地解释汶川地震边坡破坏特点。  相似文献   

Morphodynamics of an extended bar complex,Fraser River,British Columbia     

Darren Ham  Michael Church 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2012,37(10):1074-1089

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