Ecological indicators based on fish biomass distribution along trophic levels: an application to the Terminos coastal lagoon, Mexico     

Sosa-Lopez  Atahualpa; Mouillot  David; Do Chi  Thang; Ramos-Miranda  Julia 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2005,62(3):453-458

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Trophic Structure and Community Composition of Polychaetes Inhabiting Some Sabellaria alveolata (L.) Reefs Along the Valencia Gulf Coast, Western Mediterranean     

R. Porras    J. V. Bataller    E. Murgui  M. T. Torregrosa 《Marine Ecology》1996,17(4):583-602

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Wave-induced seabed response analysis by radial point interpolation meshless method     

J. G. Wang  Bingyin Zhang  T. Nogami 《Ocean Engineering》2004,31(1):21-42

Wave-induced transient response of seabeds is numerically analyzed through a radial point interpolation meshless method (radial PIM). The Biot’s consolidation theory is employed and incorporated with virtual boundary conditions to describe this wave-induced transient response of the seabed. Displacement and pore water pressure are spatially discretized by the radial PIM with the same shape function. Compactly supported basis functions are proposed to obtain a banded system equation. Because the radial PIM passes through all nodal points within an influence domain, essential boundary conditions as well as virtual boundary conditions can be easily implemented at local level. Fully implicit integration scheme is used in time domain to avoid spurious ripple effect. The proposed algorithm is assessed through the comparison of numerical results with closed-form solution or finite element solutions.  相似文献   

Water Flow, Trophic Depletion, and Benthic Macrofauna Impoverishment in a Submarine Cave from the Western Mediterranean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mikel Zabala  Tecla Riera  Josep Maria Gili  Manel Barange  Agustin Lobo  Josep Peñuelas 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(3):271-287

Abstract. Biotic zonation and severe impoverishment of benthic macrofauna are two of the most conspicuous features of submarine caves. The prevailing explanation assumes trophic depletion caused by reduction of water flow. However, no isolation of water was found in the studied Catalan submarine cave, even in the wall microlayer. Fluorescein diffusion was so fast that it was detectable everywhere in the cave already only a few minutes after the injection. The rate of dissolution of plaster spheres was even greater in the cave than in a nearby tunnel – without benthic macrofauna impoverishment – showing a considerable water flow. The oxygen concentration of water in dialysis bags placed at varying distances from the cave walls showed that no wall microlayer gradients were present.
Biochemical gradients did not indicate any decrease in food supply. Although photosynthetic pigment concentration generally decreased inside the cave, and although the gradients were not linear but formed different patterns throughout the cave, the BOD₅, the POM, the C:N ratio, the [³H]-thymidine incorporation rate, and the ETS activity were higher in the inner part of the cave. There was an accumulation of detritic material and bacteria in the inner parts that constitute a plausible food supply for benthic macrofauna.
If neither water motion nor food supply can be invoked, research into the causes of zonation and disappearence of benthic macrofauna is proposed to be carried out on biotic interactions and behavioural processes.  相似文献   

The Diets in Four Pacific Tube Blennies (Acanthemblemaria: Chaenopsidae): Lack of Ecological Divergence in Syntopic Species     

David G.  Lindquist Kurt M.  Kotrschal 《Marine Ecology》1987,8(4):327-335

Abstract. The diets of three syntopic Gulf of California Acanthemblemaria (A. balanorum, A. crock-eri and A. macrospilus) and A. castroi from the Galapagos Island are nearly uniformly composed of harpacticoid copepods and other small benthic-vagile or planktonic crustaceans. On occasion, large prey items such as crabs or other small fishes are taken. HORN'S index of niche overlap indicates that the three syntopic Acanthemblemaria are not separated along the food resource utilization axis. Slight variations in diets among the syntopic species seem to be related to differences in degree of microhabitat specialization.  相似文献   

Reference and current Trophic Level Index of New Zealand lakes: benchmarks to inform lake management and assessment     

Jonathan M. Abell  Paul van Dam-Bates  Deniz Özkundakci  David P. Hamilton 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2020,54(4):636-657

ABSTRACT

Knowledge of trophic status is fundamental to understanding the condition and function of lake ecosystems. We developed regression models to predict chlorophyll a concentrations (chl a) in New Zealand lakes for reference and current states, based on an existing dataset of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations for 1031 lakes. Models were then developed to predict Secchi depth based on chl a and a sediment resuspension term applicable to shallow lakes. Estimates of all four Trophic Level Index (TLI) variables (chl a, TN, TP and Secchi depth) were analysed to estimate reference and current state TLI for the nationally representative sample of 1031 lakes. There was a trend of eutrophication between reference and current states, with systematic differences among lake geomorphic types. Mean chl a increased 3.5-fold (2.42?mg?m^?3 vs. 8.32?mg?m^?3) and mean Secchi depth decreased (indicating lower clarity) by approximately one-third (9.62?m vs. 6.48?m) between reference and current states. On average, TLI increased by 0.67, with the TLI increase >1 in approximately one-third (31%) of lakes. This study informs the status of lake ecosystems in NZ and provides benchmarks to guide management and assessment.  相似文献   

南沙渚碧礁生态系营养关系的稳定碳同位素研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郭卫东  杨逸萍  吴林兴  王汉奎  胡明辉 《台湾海峡》2002,21(1):94-101

利用稳定碳同位素分析技术研究了南沙渚碧礁生态系食物网主要生物类群之间的营养关系。结果表明，生物的稳定碳同位素组成与其营养来源有密切关系。浮游植物的δ^13C为-18.3‰，与其所处海域的环境条件一致，浮游动物的δ^13C值变化较大，范围为-20.4‰～-10.9‰,表明可能存在浮游植物和碎屑两种营养来源。珊瑚和砗磲的碳同位素组成（-17‰～-15‰）与浮游动物相差较大，暗示共生虫黄藻可能在这些珊瑚的营养来源中起重要作用。底栖海参（-9.6‰)和蜘蛛螺（-12.5‰)的碳同位不比组成与它们沉积物食性的营养特征吻合。鱼类的δ^13C值变化范围较大（-17.7‰～-10.9‰），未表现出随营养级升高而增大的趋势，说明影响鱼类碳同位素组成的因素比较复杂。  相似文献   

Long‐term nutrient enrichment alters nematode trophic structure and body size in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh          下载免费PDF全文

Hanan M. Mitwally  John W. Fleeger 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(4):910-925

The effects of long‐term experimental nutrient enrichment on nematode trophic guilds and morphometrics were examined in intertidal saltmarsh creeks of Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts, USA. Nematodes from the marsh‐edge Spartina alterniflora habitat in a reference creek (n = 3300) were sampled annually and compared with nematodes (n = 3100) from a creek in which nitrate and phosphate loading rates were increased approximately 10–15× for 6 years. Trophic guilds in both creeks were dominated by epistrate (diatom) feeders and predators, and natural temporal variability across years was high. However, after 4 years of nutrient enrichment, a shift in the nutrient‐enriched creek was detected from a dominance of epistrate feeders to an increased proportion of predators, even though neither the benthic microalgae biomass nor the total density of nematodes was affected by fertilization. Nematodes also became longer, and longer relative to their diameter over time with nutrient enrichment because of the shift in trophic structure as short‐stout epistrate feeders were replaced with longer, more slender predators. These changes may have been directly related to nutrient enrichment effects on benthic algae or indirectly to the many other effects of enrichments on ecosystem structure or function. Our research indicates that nutrient enrichment alters the nematode community and this alternation may directly or indirectly affect the response of benthic algae to nutrient enrichment and as well as other ecosystem services.  相似文献   

近年广西典型“回南天”现象成因分析     

罗小莉  古明悦  钟利华  林宗桂 《气象科技》2015,43(4):659-665

利用NCEP/NCAR的25°×25°格点再分析资料以及南宁站气温、露点、能见度、气压等常规观测资料与河池、北海站探空资料,采用统计分析和典型个例分析相结合的方法,分析了2005—2013年广西“回南天”过程的天气形势和气象要素特征。结果发现：①不同影响程度“回南天”发生前均受到较长时间的冷空气影响;②“回南天”发生时,地面有暖低压或倒槽发展,中高纬度没有明显的冷空气南下,850 hPa和925 hPa上南风强盛,锋区逆温接近近地层,温度骤升,气压剧降,湿度加大,当日14:00露点温度高于当日最低气温;③“回南天”结束方式有两种：冷性结束和暖性结束;④“回南天”预报依据：如果广西冬春季在较长时间的冷空气影响之后,925 hPa温度和湿度突增,同时预测到未来1~2天,14:00露点温度将高于当天最低温度。  相似文献   

莱洲湾沿岸浅层地下卤水蒸发成因新依据     

李伟  吴衍华 《山东国土资源》2007,(Z1)

山东莱洲湾沿岸是我国重要的天然卤水矿产地,分布广、浓度高、储量大,关于其成因通过近几十年来的研究可归纳为蒸发浓缩生卤和冰冻生卤2种,但其依据尚不够丰富。该文从海水冰冻实验与蒸发实验所经历的路径中,Na/Cl与Ca/Mg随浓缩倍数的变化趋势来分析卤水的成因,认为其应属蒸发浓缩生卤。  相似文献