ODD AND EVEN SYMMETRY OF ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION—THEORETICAL BASIS AND CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS          下载免费PDF全文

管兆勇)  徐建军  王盘兴) 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1994,(2)

Analysis is done of the distribution of odd and even symmetric components of circulations on a global basis in termsof observations and technique for the odd/even symmetry,indicating that climatic features of the component patternsand their temporal evolution are able to reveal their influence of land-sea discrepancy in the Northern and SouthernHemispheres,the time scale of atmospheric response to radiation heating,circulation waveform structure and seasonaladjustment of global circulation.  相似文献   

Statistical analysis in classification of bituminous coal     

Gui Zhen Men 《Mathematical Geology》1991,23(1):71-76

Hundreds of samples and 17 variables collected from coalfields of major coal-bearing strata over China except for Tibet and Taiwan, were used in this study. The dry, ash-free basis volatile matter (V ^r) and caking index (G _(RI)) were chosen by means of correlation analysis and stepwise discriminatory analysis as major indices of a new classification. By means of the optimum section, the boundary value of the axis of ordinate (G _(RI)) and axis of abscissas (V ^r) can be determined in the classification system. Thus, aV ^r –G _(RI) classification scheme diagram was formed and bituminous coal was divided into nine classes. Use of correspondence analysis reduced dimensions of sample-expressive space without losing initial information. The trend on the factor surface of samples shows that the classification obtained from correspondence analysis conforms to theV ^r –G _(RI) classification result and further verified the dependability of classification by two indices. At the same time, a certain relationship between the properties of a great variety of coal and their attributes can be explained. Hence, bituminous coal classification becomes more scientific, reasonable, and practical than before.  相似文献   

湖泊和水库营养分类的研究     

王东 《广东海洋大学学报》1992,(2)

根据我国实际情况,并参考国外对湖泊营养分类的标准,建立了湖泊和水库FTE营养分类方法。应用Fuzzy综合评判的理论和方法,对参加分类评判的各项指标参数通过映射的方法,使每一个指标参数转换成在区间[0,1]的特性指数(d_1),同时引入一个能反映每项指标参数在评判中重要程度的权值(a_1),求得一个能统一反映湖库营养程度的综合性评价指数的计算公式:e=∑a_1d_1。以何志辉教授对我国87个湖库营养分类结果为基准,计算并确定出贫、中、富三种营养类型互不相交的FTE指数范围,作为湖库FTE营养分类标准。对任一湖库,根据九项指标参数计算获得的FTE指数e,不仅能客观地反映其营养程度,同时又以它作为唯一的数值来确定该湖库的营养类型的归属。用FTE营养分类方法对我国87个湖库营养分类结果与何氏的分类结果吻合率达97.7％。  相似文献   

Response of a stream diatom community to top predator manipulations     

Peter Koetsier 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2005,67(4):517-527

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新国际地层表简介     

陈殿义  闫玉英  陆浩 《吉林地质》2007,26(2):67-70

2004年国际地层委员会将地球上的岩石划分成两大部分,即显生宇和前寒武系。两者划分的依据不同,显生宇是依据"全球层型剖面和层型点",而前寒武系则是依据"全球标准地层年龄"。为了建立一个"自然的"前寒武纪地质年代表,人们提出了2004~2008年前寒武系划分参考方案,它指明了前寒武纪的研究方向。  相似文献   

论动力相似预报的物理基础问题   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

任宏利  封国林  张培群 《地球科学进展》2007,22(10):1027-1035

为了更好地发展动力相似预报的策略和方法，基于非线性动力学成果，综合探讨了动力相似预报的物理基础问题。分析表明，“相似预报—低频流型—可预报性”在物理上存在密切联系，这在统计相似预报和动力相似预报问题中均适用。通过类比集合预报，并对实际大气不同尺度模式预报的个例分析，初步证实了相似初值对应的动力预报结果及其预报误差行为具有相似性。在此基础上，进一步提出三类相似性问题，并归纳了动力相似预报的物理基础：在初始状态相似性持续的情况下，动力预报结果以及预报误差行为具有相似性。  相似文献   

中国城市体检评估的理论基础和方法   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张文忠 《地理科学》2021,41(10):1687-1696

城市体检评估是中国城市新发展阶段下,城市规划、建设和管理工作的重要创新,是推进城市人居环境建设的系统化、精准化和科学化的重要工作方式,也是建设更健康、更安全、更宜居的城市,为人民群众提供高品质生活环境的重要抓手。从地理学的系统性思维、经济学的规模经济、城市规划关于密度与空间的匹配以及城市宜居性等视角分析了城市体检评估的理论基础,并提出了城市体检评估的基本导则。在此基础上对体检评估的指标设计、数据采集、评估分析方法和整体技术流程进行了系统的构建。得出结论：城市体检评估必须建立理论框架和方法体系,形成综合和系统评价体系、科学数据采集手段、分析和模拟方法、诊断和反馈机制等全流程的体检评估机制,全面推进中国人居环境的高质量发展。  相似文献   

月球制图的投影选择与设计     

吕晓华  邓术军  牛星光 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(6)

月球地图投影是月球地图数学基础的主要内容,月球地图投影选择与设计是月球测绘的基础性和前瞻性工作.本文提出了月球地图投影系统设计的基本原则,选择与设计了适应月球全球、月球区域、月球大中比例尺的多层次、多尺度、多类型的月球地图投影系列,初步构建了月球地图投影的基本框架.  相似文献   

基于最佳小波包基的高光谱影像特征制图     

杨可明  李慧  郭达志 《测绘学报》2008,37(1):0-113

鉴于在时频局部化能力方面小波包变换优于小波变换,将高光谱影像像元光谱曲线作为1维信号并对其进行多尺度小波包变换分解,得到不同尺度上的低频和高频成分向量。根据不同地物像元光谱小波包分解最佳基有很大差异,而同一地物像元光谱小波包分解的前若干个最佳基完全相同的特点,提出一种基于前若干个最佳小波包基特征参量数组的分类特征参量和目标识别方法,并对AVIRIS影像中的特征如地物植被、水体、岩石及某些阴影等进行提取与制图。  相似文献   

Simulation and prediction of monthly accumulated runoff,based on several neural network models under poor data availability     

JianPing Qian  JianPing Zhao  Yi Liu  XinLong Feng  DongWei Gui 《寒旱区科学》2018,10(6):468-481

Most previous research on areas with abundant rainfall shows that simulations using rainfall-runoff modes have a very high prediction accuracy and applicability when using a back-propagation(BP), feed-forward, multilayer perceptron artificial neural network(ANN). However, in runoff areas with relatively low rainfall or a dry climate, more studies are needed. In these areas—of which oasis-plain areas are a particularly good example—the existence and development of runoff depends largely on that which is generated from alpine regions. Quantitative analysis of the uncertainty of runoff simulation under climate change is the key to improving the utilization and management of water resources in arid areas. Therefore, in this context, three kinds of BP feed-forward, three-layer ANNs with similar structure were chosen as models in this paper.Taking the oasis–plain region traverse by the Qira River Basin in Xinjiang, China, as the research area, the monthly accumulated runoff of the Qira River in the next month was simulated and predicted. The results showed that the training precision of a compact wavelet neural network is low; but from the forecasting results, it could be concluded that the training algorithm can better reflect the whole law of samples. The traditional artificial neural network(TANN) model and radial basis-function neural network(RBFNN) model showed higher accuracy in the training and prediction stage. However, the TANN model, more sensitive to the selection of input variables, requires a large number of numerical simulations to determine the appropriate input variables and the number of hidden-layer neurons. Hence, The RBFNN model is more suitable for the study of such problems. And it can be extended to other similar research arid-oasis areas on the southern edge of the Kunlun Mountains and provides a reference for sustainable water-resource management of arid-oasis areas.  相似文献