2007年宁洱6.4级地震宁洱县城现代建筑典型震害分析     

非明伦  周光全  卢永坤  龚宇  郭毅  张彬  马方毅  岳建鸿 《地震研究》2007,30(4):359-363

2007年6月3日云南宁洱发生6.4级地震。对宁洱县城区的砖混结构、框架结构、底层框架结构及空旷房屋等共15幢建筑的典型震害进行了分析。结果表明,造成建筑物破坏较重的主要原因有:①地基不均匀沉陷;②设计不合理;③设防烈度低;④施工质量差,砂浆标号低;⑤沉降缝不规范;⑥震害累积效应;⑦孤立山包及边坡陡坎影响等诸多因素。  相似文献   

城市典型建筑的地震损失预测方法Ⅰ: 结构易损性分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

侯爽  郭安薪  李惠  欧进萍 《地震工程与工程振动》2007,27(6)

地震作用下结构的易损性分析是地震灾害损失预测方法的重要组成部分。本文针对多层砌体房屋结构、排架结构和多层钢筋混凝土结构等3种城市典型建筑,首先给出了该类单体建筑的地震结构易损性分析方法,然后对群体建筑的地震易损性分析方法,以及群体建筑的易损性分类方法进行了探讨,为城市典型建筑的地震灾害损失预测和评估提供参考,并为宁波市抗震防灾规划的地震损失预测提供基础。  相似文献   

陕西八方山-银母寺铅锌矿床外围成矿条件及找矿方法探讨     

高卫宏陈二虎  常宗东 《西北地质》2007,40(B07):7-12

八方山-银母寺铜铅锌成矿带位于凤太金铅锌矿集区西部的次级热水沉积盆地中，成矿条件优越，已探明八方山大型铅锌矿床、银母寺中型铅锌矿床及多个小型铅锌矿床。目前已进入寻找隐伏铜铅锌矿阶段，找矿靶区的确定和找矿方法的选择显得尤为重要。通过对带内典型矿床的控矿条件进行分析，矿床明显受一定的层位、热水沉积岩相和次级紧闭（倒转）背斜等因素综合控制。在已知矿床延伸地段及与其控矿背斜平行的次级背斜构造部位，优选甘沟铅锌铜矿点、尖端山东西部及杨家湾铜（铅锌）矿点等为主要找矿靶区，需开展物探工作、大比例尺地质测量及工程验证等综合方法进行找矿勘查。  相似文献   

湿地克隆植物根茎对变境适应的表型可塑性     

邹元春  吕宪国  姜明 《湿地科学》2007,5(4):305-310

根茎是植物显著变异的地下茎,对于研究湿地克隆植物的结构功能、生长繁殖、入侵生态与进化生态等具有重要价值。根茎适应水文情势和基质养分的变化,并在本地竞争与向外入侵中表现出了显著的可塑性且具有种间差异。对于特定物种而言,根茎的内在特质反映了其所处的环境特征,而根茎生长的可塑性则显示出适应周围环境短期变化的能力。根茎与微生境之间的相互关系体现了生物与环境之间在构件尺度的协同演化过程。迄今为止的研究涵盖了根茎的生理生态诸方面,但根茎对于植物的结构、功能、生长与繁殖之间密切联系所承担的适应性角色还缺乏深入理解。在综述目前对湿地克隆植物根茎表形可塑性研究的基础上,探讨了根茎在湿地植物研究中亟待加强的特殊地位及其作为可塑性研究的模式构件的潜力,并提出了未来研究的若干方向。  相似文献   

干旱区典型绿洲盐渍化土壤空间信息研究   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：6  

塔西甫拉提·特依拜  张飞  丁建丽  赵睿  何祺胜 《干旱区地理》2007,30(4):44-551

对提取干旱区盐渍化信息的若干方法进行了评述,并且选取位于干旱区地带的盐渍化典型区域——阿克苏地区的库车、新和、沙雅县(渭-库绿洲)以及和田地区的于田县(于田绿洲)作为研究区进行实证分析。采用同一时相的ETM 数据,运用K-T变换、比值变换以及通过NDVI指数和分类来提取信息,效果明显。通过实证分析发现:虽然研究区都地处塔里木盆地周边地区,一个是塔北绿洲,另一个是塔南绿洲。但由于水文(盐渍化形成的关键)、气候(形成盐渍化土壤的驱动力)、地形(盐渍化土壤分布及差异的主要因素)、人类活动(盐渍化土壤形成的重要因素)等因素差异的存在,导致了盐渍化情况的差异。再利用Surfer软件绘制盐渍化出土壤特征(电导率)的等值线图,发现渭-库绿洲和于田绿洲表层土壤电导率的空间分布状况的差异。  相似文献   

内蒙古西旗西部与次火山岩有关的矿床地质特征     

程小珍  宋雷鹰  赵英福 《矿产与地质》2007,21(3):333-337

内蒙古新巴尔虎右旗（西旗）西部地区是我国重要的有色、贵金属矿产资源地,有完整的与次火山岩相有关的成矿地质条件.阐述了该地区中与成矿有关的次火山岩的时空分布、岩石类型特征及两个典型矿床的主要矿床地质特征.同时对与次火山岩有关矿床的成矿地质特征进行了初步分析.  相似文献   

内蒙古典型草原区近40年气候变化及其对土壤水分的影响   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

侯琼  乌兰巴特尔 《气象科技》2006,34(1):102-106

分析气候变化对草原区土壤水分的影响对了解草原退化原因、恢复草原生态环境有重要的指导意义。根据近40年气象资料和近20年的土壤水分观测资料,利用线性趋势等数理统计方法,分析了内蒙古典型草原区气候变化趋势和对土壤水分变化的影响,得出内蒙古典型草原区近40年气候变化趋势与全球气候变化规律相似;影响土壤湿度的气象因子主要是降水和蒸发,温度通过影响蒸发而间接影响土壤湿度,蒸降差是分析气候变化对土壤水分影响的直观指标。气候变暖导致蒸发加剧,在降水增加不明显的条件下,加速了土壤干旱化程度。  相似文献   

The carbon isotope composition of C_3 herbaceous plants in loess area of northern China   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

王国安  韩家懋  刘东生 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2003,46(10)

The application of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in study of paleoenvironment has been becoming more and more extensive. It is well known that the d 18O curves of foraminifer crust in deep oceanic sediments and ice cores have made a great contribution…  相似文献   

DISTRIBUTIONS AND VARIATIONS OF SURFACE OZONE IN CHANGSHU, YANGTZE DELTA REGION^*          下载免费PDF全文

YAN Peng  WANG Mulin  CHENG Hongbing  ZHOU Xiuji 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2003,17(2):205-217

Through one and half year continuous in-situ measurements,the distributions and variations of surface ozone and its precursors at a typical mixed agricultural and metropolitan area-Changshu,Yangtze Delta region,were studied.The preliminary analysis on the concentration levels and variations of surface ozone indicated the obvious seasonal and diurnal cycles during the experiment.The hourly averaged concentrations of surface ozone were high,in about 17% of total valid hours the surface ozone concentration exceeded 50 ppb,and in 22 days the hourly averaged ozone concentration was greater than 100 ppb.There were about 40% of the days in that the daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentration was greater than 50 ppb.The days with daily maximum 8-hour ozone concentration greater than 80 ppb were about 33 days that accounted for about 8% of the observational days.The variations of 5-day moving averaged ozone concentrations depended both on the weather conditions and on the changes of ozone in background atmosphere.Photochemical process had the significant impacts on ozone productions.  相似文献   

Saguaro Distribution under Nurse Plants in Arizona's Sonoran Desert: Directional and Microclimate Influences*     

Taly D. Drezner  Colleen M. Garrity 《The Professional geographer》2003,55(4):505-512

The saguaro cactus, an icon of the American southwestern desert, defines the extent of the Sonoran Desert through portions of its range. Saguaros rely upon nurse plants for establishment and survival in the harsh temperature and moisture regime of the desert. Freezing temperatures limit the range of the saguaro to the north in Arizona. However, nurse plants extend the range of saguaros by providing more moderate conditions beneath their canopies. This study focuses on precisely these small, highly localized temperature variations, which, we suggest, are linked to regional‐scale patterns of distribution of the species, particularly in marginal, cold‐limited locales. We sampled 291 saguaros over thirty populations in Arizona, in the northern portion of their range. Saguaros establish under the south side of their nurse's canopy in the coldest parts of their range more often than expected, while a significant distributional bias is not observed in those in warmer, more moderate plots. To further investigate air temperature as a possible factor in the directional bias of saguaro establishment, we collected microclimate data under the north and south sides of the canopies of two common nurse plants, Cercidium microphyllum (a tree) and Ambrosia deltoidea (a shrub) in Phoenix, Arizona. South sides of nurses have significantly higher minimum temperatures than do the north sides. Survivorship in the coldest areas appears to be greatest under the south side of a nurse's canopy, where warmer wintertime microclimatic conditions occur. We suggest that within‐canopy microclimatic variability under a single nurse plant may be reflected in regional distributional and in the survivorship patterns of saguaros throughout Arizona.  相似文献