Statistical analysis of two 3-D registration and modeling strategies     

Olli Jokinen  Henrik Haggrn 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》1998,53(6):320-341

The paper deals with the registration and modeling of multiple 3-D profile maps acquired from different viewpoints by light striping. We analyze the propagation of measurement and calibration errors to the registration parameters and further to the reconstructed model of the scene consisting of planar patches. The analysis is performed for two strategies. In the first strategy, the maps are registered simultaneously using the Levenberg–Marquardt method to update the registration parameters and the model computed afterwards while in the second one, the maps are registered sequentially against the model reconstructed up till then using the method of unit quaternions to update the registration parameters. Our statistical analysis thus combines the registration and modeling steps, and in registration, we determine the corresponding points either on the parametric domains of the maps or as closest points in 3-D using the information from the parametric domain to restrict the search for the closest points. We also point out the precise estimation of the covariance matrix of the solution given by the Levenberg–Marquardt method. We illustrate the results of our analysis with real data from a scale model of an urban area.  相似文献   

Application of light hydrocarbons (C₄–C₁₃) to oil/source rock correlations:: a study of the light hydrocarbon compositions of source rocks and test fluids from offshore Mid-Norway     

W. Odden  R.L. Patience  G.W. Van Graas 《Organic Geochemistry》1998,28(12):823-847

Relatively little work has been published on the correlation between the light hydrocarbon distributions in reservoir fluids and their proposed source rocks [Philippi, G. T. (1981)]. The aim of our work was to study this relationship in detail for samples from Mid-Norway. The main source rocks offshore Mid-Norway are the marine shales of the Late Jurassic Spekk Formation and the coals and paralic shales of the Early Jurassic Åre Formation. Reliable light hydrocarbon (C₄–C₁₃) data for source rock samples were acquired by thermal extraction-GC of the source rocks. Of these, notably the hydrocarbons in the C₆–C₈ range (routinely measured in test fluids) were used to discriminate between the Spekk and Åre Formation samples. A total of twenty-six samples from the Spekk Formation and twenty-four samples from the Åre Formation at different maturity levels and facies were analyzed. In general, the two source rock types differ in their light hydrocarbon composition by the presence of relatively more aromatics and cyclohexanes in the Åre samples, while the Spekk samples are richer in cyclopentanes and acyclic hydrocarbons. We show that source rock facies is a more important indicator of light hydrocarbon composition than maturity variation. Differences in the chemical composition, which can be used to discriminate between the two source rocks, were supported by differences in the carbon isotope composition of individual components of the same fraction, as determined by GHM-IR-MS analysis of eleven samples. Further, the light hydrocarbon compositions of reservoir fluids (oils and condensates) were compared with those for the source rock(s). Sixty-six gas chromatograms of oils and condensates, representing most of the known petroleum accumulations in Mid-Norway, were collected. Of these, five oil samples were selected for detailed isotopic analysis of individual components (GC-IR-MS). When using a classification scheme based on data from sediment samples, data for the light hydrocarbon fraction of oils and condensates indicate that the Spekk Formation is the dominant source for most of the fields from Mid-Norway, with a significant contribution from the Åre Formation being detected principally in one field. Differences in the chemical composition of the C₆–C₈ fractions were supported by differences in the carbon isotope composition of individual components, which also discriminate between the oils. Although the classification diagrams used in this study are based on source rock data from Mid-Norway, the method can be applied to other areas, providing that the diagrams are calibrated with source rock data from the area of interest.  相似文献   

基于GIS和RS的中国植被光利用率估算   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

朱文泉  陈云浩  潘耀忠  李京 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(8):694-698,714

基于GIS和RS介绍了利用地面气象数据和卫星遥感数据进行植被光利用率计算的方法 ,并以 1999年为例 ,根据不同植被类型所对应的最大光利用率 ,研究了中国植被的光利用率及其时空分布。结果表明 ,中国植被 1999年平均光利用率的取值范围在 0 .0 6～ 1.0 7gC·MJ-1之间 ,且标准差较大  相似文献   

悬浮物浓度对水下光照和初级生产力的影响   总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40       下载免费PDF全文

张运林  秦伯强  陈伟民  高光  陈宇炜 《水科学进展》2004,15(5):615-620

采用太湖湖泊生态系统研究站生态实验室的模拟生态槽进行水动力模拟实验研究(1999年5月8日～6月24日),探讨了水动力的扰动引起悬浮物的增加、改变水下光强的分布,并由此造成了初级生产力的变化.结果表明,无论是静止还是小水流、大水流状态,水下光强随深度都是按指数规律衰减;在静止状态下,槽水清澈见底,光衰减系数为1m-1左右,到小水流和大水流时,由于动力的扰动、悬浮物浓度的增加,光学衰减系数增加到2m-1和4m-1左右,真光层深度也由最初的4m降到2m、1m;对光学衰减系数、真光层深度与悬浮物浓度进行线性和幂函数回归,发现他们之间的相关性很好,反映了风浪扰动引起水中悬浮物增加是改变水下光照分布的主要原因;在静止状态下,由于槽水清澈,强光作用下表面存在光抑制现象,最大初级生产力出现在04～06m,其他情形光抑制很弱或基本上不存在,最大初级生产力出现在0～02m.  相似文献   

轻非水相液体在地下环境中的运移特征与模拟预测研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13       下载免费PDF全文

郑德凤  赵勇胜  王本德 《水科学进展》2002,13(3):321-325

通过自行设计制备的二维砂箱模拟轻非水相液体(LNAPL)在湿润多孔介质中的渗漏,得出LNAPL在地下环境中的入渗、迁移及分布规律,并利用多相流体理论对其污染机理进行分析.在实验基础上建立模型来预测渗漏的基本特征,即渗流带中污染锋面扩展速度和透镜体的最终形状,预测结果与实测结果较为接近.这种预测模型对控制和治理地下水中LNAPL污染是至关重要的.  相似文献   

由多频射电爆发探讨太阳白光耀斑的起源问题     

谢瑞祥 《天文研究与技术》1999,(3):62

从射电运动Ⅳ型爆发的特征和多频射电爆发开始时序的分析可以看出这个伴生的白光耀斑（ Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ） 和射电爆发同是由低日冕的加速电子激活,可能通过非热电子沉降能量于色球层, 产生了色球层压缩波, 又经二步能量传输过程在上光球层导致 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ。通过对共生事件的分析, 并与已知的二类 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ的观测特征作了比较, 提出该 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ 可能属于二类的混合型, 并提出 Ｗ Ｌ Ｆ 可能存在射电辐射的必要条件  相似文献   

低温弱光对设施番茄苗期营养物质和干物质分配的影响     

杨再强  袁昌洪  丁宇晖  侯梦媛  张曼义 《南京气象学院学报》2020,12(1):108-117

本试验以PAR （光合有效辐射）800 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，温度25℃为对照（CK），设置6个处理[L1T1（PAR 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，4℃）、L1T2（PAR 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，6℃）、L1T3（PAR 200 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，8℃）、L2T1（PAR 400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，4℃）、L2T2（PAR 400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，6℃）和L2T3（PAR 400 μmol·m^-2·s^-1，8℃）]，分别处理6、12、24、48和72 h，以研究低温弱光双重胁迫对番茄苗期干物质分配以及不同器官的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量的影响.结果表明：低温弱光双重胁迫使地下部分干物质分配比例减小，而对地上部分干物质分配比例无显著影响，地下部分的干物质分配比例随时间的变化与地上部分相反；低温弱光胁迫显著降低了番茄茎和叶片的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸的含量；根的可溶性糖含量随胁迫时间的变化趋势与地上部分不一致，但根、茎、叶片的可溶性糖含量均以L2T3处理72 h含量最高，分别为94.88、77.09和41.62 mg·g^-1；根的可溶性蛋白含量随胁迫时间的变化趋势与地上部分不一致，茎和叶片的可溶性蛋白含量均以L2T3处理12 h最高，以L1T1处理72 h最低；不同器官的游离氨基酸含量随胁迫时间的变化趋势与可溶性蛋白相反；弱光对番茄干物质和营养物质含量的影响小于低温.研究证实苗期番茄在低温弱光胁迫前期，干物质和营养物质先向地上部分分配，胁迫24 h后则更多地向根系积累.  相似文献   

Diatom-based transfer functions for western Quebec lakes (Abitibiand Haute Mauricie): the possible role of epilimnetic CO2 concentration in influencing diatom assemblages     

Aline Philibert  Yves T. Prairie 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2002,27(4):465-480

Surficial sediments from 76 lakes from two western Quebec regions(Abitibi and Haute Mauricie) were sampled to identify the relationships betweendiatoms and environmental variables. Because the two regions containedradically different diatom communities, we then investigated which factors maybe responsible for the large community discrepancies in the two nearbygeographical areas. Standard lake chemistry variables showed little differencesbetween the regions, although epilimnetic light regimes were slightly lower inAbitibi. Nevertheless, lakes of the two regions with similar light regimes andchemistry still showed a clear separation in their diatoms, implying that otherimportant factors are influencing assemblages. We found that the calculatedconcentration of CO₂ in the open water can explain some of thediscrepancy in diatom assemblages. A pCCA constrained to the concentration ofCO₂ with alkalinity and pH as covariables explained 12.5% of speciesvariance and was significant. Given the lack of a relationship between DOC andCO₂, and because the lakes are heavily supersaturated withCO₂ in the calibration set, lake-to-lake variations inCO₂ concentrations are likely due to groundwater inputs; thepossibility that this environmental variable may be influencing diatomcommunities might allow, in some cases, the reconstruction of historicalchanges in groundwater inputs to lakes. Finally, new calibration models werebuilt in Quebec by using weighted averaging partial least square(WA-PLS) techniques in order to infer pH, CO₂, TP, TN, and, DOC fromdiatom assemblages preserved in the surface sediments.  相似文献   

气相色谱法定量测定烃源岩中轻烃的含量   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

王瑞  李季  蒋启贵  张彩明 《岩矿测试》2008,27(5):333-336

将烃源岩石使用低沸点溶剂密封抽提,采用高分辨毛细柱进行色谱分析,在选定的色谱条件下,能获得C5~C30的烃类物质信息。选用色谱内标法对C6~C15轻烃组分进行定量分析研究,由于轻烃组分的不同挥发性,以1-己烯作内标物来控制C6~C7烃类物质的定量,以1-壬烯作内标物来控制C7~C15(含C7)烃类物质的定量。结果表明,方法加标回收率大于85%,重复性分析相对误差小于10%。方法稳定可靠,能准确提供烃源岩中C6~C15轻烃的定量数据,有效应用于油气田勘探资源量评价中。  相似文献   

Glide systems of hematite single crystals in deformation experiments   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Siemes  B. Klingenberg  E. Rybacki  M. Naumann  W. Schfer  E. Jansen  K. Kunze 《Ore Geology Reviews》2008,33(3-4):255-279

The critical resolved shear stresses (CRSSs) of hematite crystals were determined in compression tests for r-twinning, c-twinning and {a}<m>-slip in the temperature range 25 °C to 400 °C, at 400 MPa confining pressure, and a strain rate of 10^− 5 s^− 1 by Hennig-Michaeli, Ch., Siemes, H., 1982. Experimental deformation of hematile crstals betwen 25 °C and 400 °C at 400 MPa confining pressure. In: Schreyer, W. (Ed.) High Pressure Research in Geoscience, Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, p. 133–150. In the present contribution newly performed experiments on hematite single crystals at temperatures up to 800 °C at strain rates of 10^− 5 s^− 1 and 300 MPa confining pressure extends the knowledge about the CRSS of twin and slip modes. Optical observations, neutron diffraction goniometry, SEM forescatter electron images and electron backscatter diffraction are applied in order to identify the glide modes. Both twinning systems and {a}<m>-slip were confirmed by these methods. Besides the known glide systems the existence of the (c)<a>-slip system could be stated. Mechanical data establish that the CRSS of r-twinning decreases from 140 MPa at 25 °C to  5 MPa at 800 °C and for {a}<m>-slip from > 560 MPa at 25 °C to  40 MPa at 700 °C. At room temperature the CRSS for c-twinning is around 90 MPa and at 600 °C  60 MPa. The data indicate that the CRSSs above 200 °C seem to be between the values for r-twinning and {a}<m>-slip. For (c)<a>-slip only the CRSS at 600 °C could be evaluated to  60 MPa. Exact values are difficult to determine because other glide systems are always simultaneously activated.  相似文献