Mapping large, shallow inlets and bays: modelling a Natura 2000 habitat with digital terrain and wave-exposure models     

Bekkby  Trine; Isaeus  Martin 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(2):238-241

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Using acoustic backscatter from a sidescan sonar to explain fish and invertebrate distributions: a case study in Bristol Bay, Alaska     

Yeung  Cynthia; McConnaughey  Robert A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2008,65(2):242-254

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Dynamic changes of habitats in China’s typical national nature reserves on spatial and temporal scales     

Ping Zhu  Lin Huang  Tong Xiao  Junbang Wang 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(6):778-790

Until 2015, China had established 2740 nature reserves with a total area of 1.47 million km², covering 14.8% of China’s terrestrial land surface. Based on remote sensing inversion, ecological model simulation and spatial analysis methods, we analyzed the spatial and temporal variations of fractional vegetation coverage (FVC), net primary production (NPP), and human disturbance (HD) in habitats of typical national nature reserves (NNRs) during the first 15 years of the 21st century from 2000 to 2015. And then the three indicators were compared between different NNR types and varied climate zones. The results showed that (1) the average 5-year FVC of NNRs increased from 36.3% to 37.1%, and it improved in all types of NNRs to some extent. The annual average FVC increased by 0.11%, 0.84%, 0.21%, 0.09%, 0.11% and 0.08% in NNRs of forest ecosystem, plain meadow, inland wetland, desert ecosystem, wild animal and wild plant, respectively. (2) The NPP annually increased by 2.06 g·m^-2, 1.23 g·m^-2, 0.28 g·m^-2 and 0.4 g·m^-2 in NNRs of plain meadow, inland wetland, desert ecosystem and wild animal, respectively. However, it decreased by 3.45 g·m^-2 and 2.35 g·m^-2 in NNRs of forest ecosystem and wild plant respectively. (3) In the past 15 years, besides the slight decreases in the NNRs located at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the south subtropical zone, HD enhanced in most of NNRs, especially HD in the warm temperate humid zone increased from 4.7% to 5.35%.  相似文献   

晋陕蒙煤炭开发战略研究——中国区域煤炭开发战略之新探索   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

田山岗尚冠雄  李季三王永康 《中国煤炭地质》2008,20(3):1-15

区域煤炭开发战略是国家总体开发战略的基础和核心。我国煤炭资源依据开发制约的主要因素可划分为三种类型,即资源约束型、环境约束型、区位约束型。晋陕蒙（西）地区的煤炭资源具有三大特征和两大瓶颈,即煤炭资源优势、生态环境劣势、区位中势之特征。以及生态环境、运输能力之瓶颈。研究并总结了该区域煤炭资源开发所特有的规律,即：资源禀赋对开发规模的约束规律;矿井在开采过程中对岩层体、水体的影响,以及对生态环境和生存环境的影响规律;不同地质条件、不同自然地理环境下,开发对环境的影响规律;煤炭开发的资源、环境、经济、社会成本和收益规律。提出了坚持资源开发与环境保护双赢。近期与长期兼顾的总方针。充分利用本地区的丰富资源,提高资源的有效供给能力,保障国民经济对能源的需求。实现煤炭资源开发的经济效益、社会效益、生态效益、人的生存与发展效益相统一的总体战略目标：以及产能东稳西增、开发布局时空有序、生态缀块差异管理、生产规模化现代化、稀缺煤类保护等五项具体战略。  相似文献   

基于生境质量的城市增长边界研究——以长三角地区为例   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

吴健生  毛家颖  林倩  李嘉诚 《地理科学》2017,37(1):28-36

基于“生态优先”理念,提出一种利用生境质量评估策略的城市增长边界划定方法。结合ArcGIS和InVEST模型,通过综合评估生境自身及其在威胁情境下的质量,模拟各市独立规划、建设用地指标再分配及区域一体化发展的三类建设用地扩张情景,分别划定2024和2034年的长三角地区城市增长边界。结果表明：研究区生境质量总体呈南高北低格局,平均生态系统服务价值密度为10 770.604元/（hm²·a）,高质生境位于西南地区;根据指标再分配及一体化发展情景模拟的2024年研究区建设用地总量分别为10 583.273 km2和10 489.090 km2,2034年达到13 603.535 km2和13 252.370 km2;模拟的建设用地集中在东部沿海地区,并向北部及环杭州湾区域拓展;建设用地指标再分配能从整体上减少建设用地对优质生境的占用,区域一体化发展则能进一步降低城市发展造成的生态压力。  相似文献   

岷江上游山区聚落生态位空间分布特征研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

樊敏  郭亚琳  李富程  王青 《地理科学》2017,37(3):464-472

基于岷江上游山区藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位和植被生境适宜性的空间分布,借助分形和贝叶斯模型,定量刻画聚落生态位的民族属性对山区聚落生态位的空间分布特征的影响。结果表明：① 岷江上游藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位间隙度维数分别为0.949、0.942、0.890、0.960,汉族聚落生态位的高间隙度维数,揭示了山区汉族聚落封闭性特点。同时,流域内1 667个聚落生态位间隙度维数（0.946）与藏族（0.949）相似,表明藏族聚落生态位空间异质性特征能够反映整个流域山区聚落生态位空间分异程度。② 岷江上游藏-羌-汉-回聚落生态位内的植被生境适宜性指数均值分别为：2.816、2.622、2.529、2.644,说明山区聚落生态位的空间分布与植被生境相适宜。同时,流域内1 667个聚落生态位几何特征对植被生境的敏感程度（0.601）与羌族（0.610）相似,表明羌族聚落生态位的几何特征具有典型性。③ 藏-羌-回-汉聚落生态位的空间聚簇性地域分异明显、地理边界清晰,说明聚落生态位的民族属性对聚落区位、规模和形态具有显著影响。  相似文献   

GIS APPLICATION IN RESEARCH OF WILDLIFE HABITAT CHANGE——A case study of the Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Liu Xuehua Institute of Geography  CAS  Beijing People''s Republic of China M.C. Bronsveld A.G. Toxopeus M.S. Kreijns International Institute for Aerospace Survey  Earth Sciences The Netherlands 《地理学报(英文版)》1997,(4)

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Bird and dinosaur footprints in the Woodbine Formation (Cenomanian), Texas     

Yuong-Nam Lee 《Cretaceous Research》1997,18(6):849-864

The ichnofauna of the Woodbine Formation (Cenomanian), Denton County, Texas includes bird and dinosaur tracks. A new bird trackway,Magnoavipes loweiichnogen. et ichnosp. nov., appears to represent the largest bird tracks known from the Mesozoic. A theropod trackway,Fuscinapedis woodbinensisichnogen. et ichnosp. nov., is characterized by long digits of uniform width and pointed small claws. Six hadrosaurid trackways,Caririchnium protohadrosaurichnosichnosp. nov., are the oldest hadrosaurid tracks associated with skeletal elements. They include one isolated small footprint, a medium sized quadrupedal, and five large bipedal hadrosaurid trackways.  相似文献   

Do predatory fish of benthic crustaceans vary between kelp and barren reef habitats in northeastern New Zealand?     

J Hesse  JA Stanley  AG Jeffs 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(3):339-357

Fish assemblages that included known predators of benthic crustaceans were compared between kelp and barren habitats in northeastern New Zealand using baited underwater video census methods. The benthic-feeding fish were observed in winter, spring/summer and autumn, as well as during night-time in spring/summer. Overall, the fish assemblages varied between barren and kelp habitat, being most marked in winter. Individual benthic-feeding species, such as grey mao mao (Scorpis lineolatus) and leatherjacket (Meuschenia scaber) were associated with barren habitat, while the spotted wrasse (Notolabrus celidotus) was more strongly associated with kelp habitat. The results suggest that changes in habitats on coastal reefs affect populations of species that are benthic predators, which may in turn influence the distribution and abundance of their prey species, such as juvenile spiny lobsters.  相似文献   

Riparian management affects instream habitat condition in a dairy stream catchment     

R Holmes  J Hayes  C Matthaei  G Closs  M Williams  E Goodwin 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2016,50(4):581-599

Using a space-for-time substitution design, we investigated the response of structural instream habitat and fish populations to different riparian management practices throughout a Dairy Best Practice Catchment. We found a significant negative correlation between the upstream area of stock exclusion fencing and deposited instream fine sediment cover. Furthermore, we determined that this relationship emerges when ≥300?m lengths of upstream riparian area were included in the analysis, indicating the scale at which stock exclusion fencing results in a positive instream habitat response. Specifically, for this historically degraded spring-fed stream, our findings indicate that riparian segments with 5 m wide stock exclusion fences (both banks) are required to achieve instream fine sediment cover below 20% in downstream reaches. Fish were sparse and evenly spread throughout the catchment. Fish distributions were not correlated with reach-scale riparian or instream habitat variables, possibly because the available habitat quality gradient was too narrow.  相似文献