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71.
随着中国乡村旅游产业迅速发展,乡村旅游投资加快增长,给乡村地域人地关系和空间格局带来了深刻变革。本研究从“人-地-业”协同视角,在认识乡村旅游投资内涵及其“主体-要素-对象”体系基础上,剖析乡村旅游投资空间作用的“投资-产业-空间”传导过程,理论化构建乡村旅游地空间结构演化的二阶梯级模式,探索性揭示乡村旅游投资目的地空间作用过程与机制。乡村旅游投资空间作用是目的地“人-地-业”系统环境影响投资主体区位选择与决策,引起产业投资要素流动和投资对象布局变化,造成当地产业发展空间不均衡、人地关系地域系统和“三生”功能格局演化的结果。以期,研究发现从微观尺度深化旅游投资与旅游地空间作用理论,拓展乡村旅游地空间演化理论内涵,为指导乡村旅游高质量发展和乡村旅游地高水平建设与更好推进乡村振兴提供理论借鉴。 相似文献
72.
Longitudinal mortality data with few deaths usually have problems of zero-inflation. This paper presents and applies two Bayesian models which cater for zero-inflation, spatial and temporal random effects. To reduce the computational burden experienced when a large number of geo-locations are treated as a Gaussian field (GF) we transformed the field to a Gaussian Markov Random Fields (GMRF) by triangulation. We then modelled the spatial random effects using the Stochastic Partial Differential Equations (SPDEs). Inference was done using a computationally efficient alternative to Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) called Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) suited for GMRF. The models were applied to data from 71,057 children aged 0 to under 10 years from rural north-east South Africa living in 15,703 households over the years 1992–2010. We found protective effects on HIV/TB mortality due to greater birth weight, older age and more antenatal clinic visits during pregnancy (adjusted RR (95% CI)): 0.73(0.53;0.99), 0.18(0.14;0.22) and 0.96(0.94;0.97) respectively. Therefore childhood HIV/TB mortality could be reduced if mothers are better catered for during pregnancy as this can reduce mother-to-child transmissions and contribute to improved birth weights. The INLA and SPDE approaches are computationally good alternatives in modelling large multilevel spatiotemporal GMRF data structures. 相似文献
73.
This article examines the political and spatial registers of struggles against exclusionary local immigration policies and for more welcoming policies in the Washington DC metropolitan area, one of the hotspots for both local anti-immigration policies and immigrant advocacy in the United States. We conceptualize immigrant advocacy not simply as an alliance, but instead as an assemblage that brings together a diverse set of differently positioned actors and nonhuman actants. The assemblage enacts a diverse politics that deploys different forms of activism, while engaging different publics (e.g., religious communities, unions, the larger public sphere in public spaces, etc.) and the state in complex ways. From acting outside the state to engaging in claims-making towards the state, immigrant advocates are making claims and actions that challenge and go beyond dominant conceptions of citizenship rights and liberal democratic politics. The spatial register is similarly diverse. The immigrant advocacy assemblage is confronted with and enacts a different politics of place in central cities and inner- and outer-ring suburbs. Contestations of exclusionary local policies, however, are not simply about a local politics of place. To the contrary, some actors and actants in the assemblage are actively involved in extra-local networking, collaborating across jurisdictional boundaries—between central cities and inner-and outer-ring suburbs within the Washington DC metropolitan area and across the United States. The complexities of these contestations call into question post-political narratives of “proper” politics, underscoring the need for an empirically grounded critical theory of democracy. This article contributes to this task by providing a geographically and historically sensitive analysis of the immigrant advocacy assemblage. 相似文献
74.
王辉斌 《广东海洋大学学报》2013,(2):48-53
汉武帝"乃立乐府"前,不仅存在着"乐府"与乐府诗,而且也存在着"前乐府批评"。"前乐府"的批评,主要表现在"整理""选择""题解"三个方面,且互有关联,即"整理"之中兼有"选择","选择"之中又兼有"题解"。这种类型的批评,是文学批评在初始阶段的一种具体表现。"前乐府"的批评由先秦而唐宋,形成了乐府诗批评史上一道耀眼的风景线。 相似文献
75.
广东省碳减排总量目标的地区分解及其盈亏格局 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
合理界定初始排放权并进行排放权交易是实现减排目标和减排资源最优配置的关键。对低碳试点省广东进行减排目标地区分解,既能明确减排责任,又能使碳交易变得更加明确而具有可操作性。设定广东碳减排目标的假设情景,以碳排放核算方法和最优经济增长模型为基础,引入兼顾人均平等和历史责任的“碳预算”思路,对广东省减排目标进行地区分解,计算各市排放权配额并测算未来时期排放权的盈亏格局,初步模拟广东省各市之间“碳交易”基础。结果表明：1）1985―2020年全省累积碳排放配额区间为524 659.185 5~542 518.565 2万t,人均碳排放配额区间为57.065 5~59.008 0 t/人。人均碳排放配额、人口数量和实际碳排放量是影响各市排放权配额的重要因素。2）预计到2020年7个城市将出现“碳预算”赤字,主要分布于珠三角;14个城市拥有“碳预算”盈余,集中分布在粤北山区和东西两翼。 相似文献
76.
Graphite in Archaean-Palaeoproterozoic rocks has been a subject of interest since it could represent an evidence of early life on Earth. In the Palaeoproterozoic basement of the Tandilia Belt, graphite was found both in fluid inclusions (FI) hosted in the San Miguel skarn calc-silicate minerals, and as solid inclusions in calcite crystals from the protolithic marble (a13C enriched carbonate from the “Lomagundi-Jatuli event”). FI microthermometry and oxygen stable isotope ratios indicated the skarn minerals formation within the range of 630–650 °C (at ∼5 kbars) and ∼642–654 °C, respectively. Also, the characterisation of the metasomatic fluid (of a low salinity <7 wt% NaCl eq. NaClH2O/NaClKClH2O aqueous system) pointed out that the zonal crystallisation pattern shown by the skarn minerals (wollastonite-vesuvianite, grossular-diopside-calcite and diopside-calcite zones in the exoskarn, and grossular-diopside and diopside-calcic plagioclase zones in the endoskarn) responds to the increase of the involved cation activity gradients (Ca2+-Si4+-Mg2+-Fe2+/3+-Al3+) and not to significant changes in the temperature or concentration of CO2 in the system. Variation in the crystallinity degree of the graphite hosted in the skarn minerals and in marble calcite, shown by Raman spectroscopy, would indicate that the graphite could have been formed from the ripening of organic matter present in the sedimentary rocks during the metamorphic-metasomatic event (Transamazonian Orogeny). In this sense, the increase of the organic carbon productivity in the oceans during the Palaeoproterozoic, represented by the “Lomagundi-Jatuli event”, would support this graphite origin and also the possible existence of a marine sedimentary basin in the previous stages of the Río de la Plata amalgamation (Siderian-Rhyacian), in the San Miguel area of the Tandilia Belt. 相似文献
77.
三江源生态工程实施以来草地恢复态势及现状分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
三江源生态保护与建设工程实施以来,区域生态环境发生了明显的改善。为了正确认识该地区草地退化恢复的程度及其空间分布特征,本文通过对比分析2004年和2012年2期遥感影像,利用人工解译的手段获取了工程实施后三江源地区退化草地变化态势数据集,并在此基础上分析了退化草地的恢复态势,以及草地退化现状的空间格局特征。结果表明：① 2004-2012年三江源生态工程实施以后,该地区草地退化呈现不同程度的减缓态势,而且局部地区草地状况明显好转;② 三江源地区各县草地退化趋势基本得到控制,退化草地变化以轻微好转和明显好转为主,退化发生和退化加剧现象仅发生在极少数县;③ 2012年三江源退化草地面积比2004年降低了5.78%,其中中度退化草地的面积减少最显著,下降了5.35%。黄河源和长江源草地退化的形势依然比较严峻,玛多县、曲麻莱县、称多县北部和治多县东南部草地退化最明显。三江源生态工程自实施以来,草地恢复态势及现状分析对归纳总结三江源生态保护与建设一期工程的成功经验和基本教训,以及合理指导二期工程的实施具有重要的科学意义。 相似文献
78.
中国城市空间反增长联盟的新特征——基于昆明市“94号院”的实证分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以昆明市“94号院”为案例解构其中城市政体上层建筑,并对各方利益集团的相互关系进行详细分析。结果表明：中国城市政体具有连续性的特点,即增长联盟与反增长联盟之间并不是泾渭分明的关系,而是一个渐变的连续统,增长联盟内部也是连续变化的。同时,中国城市政体亦具有尺度性特征,即地理尺度越大,增长联盟与反增长联盟之间的分歧就越大,二者态度越鲜明,二元论愈显化,反增长联盟更能得到第三方的支持,在双方博弈中的话语权越大;尺度越小,二者态度越模糊,增长联盟具有更多的规则制定优势,更具有主导和优先权;同时,为了在博弈中获得更大话语权,尺度变迁成为双方关注的焦点,反增长联盟力求上推尺度,而增长联盟则尽力下压尺度。 相似文献
79.
以钟祥马岭井历年水温观测资料为研究对象,发现2套SZW-1A型数字水温仪记录的数据曲线自2016年7月以来均具有“V”型异常特征,从观测系统、地震、降雨等因素进行分析,排查干扰因素,并分析水温变化的可能机理,认为现该异常应为降雨干扰所致。干扰机理如下：降雨量累积值达40 mm以上,降雨迅速补充地下水,浅层冷水经井段223—246 m处存在的岩石裂隙、断层、溶洞等渗入井孔,造成静水位迅速上升,井水温度随之下降,上下层冷—热水之间的热传导使得位于井孔深部的水温下降;降雨结束,地表水渗入量减少,水温逐渐恢复正常。 相似文献
80.