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101.
The powder XRD analysis of ringwoodite(γ-Fe2SiO4),which was synthesized in a II-stage anvil high-pressure capsule,was made,Its unit-cell parameter was calculated:a=8.219A,After the refinements,for several cycles,of the oxygen parameter x and the occupancy rate of Si in octahedron site,i.e.,the iversion degree u,the final result is R=0.077,when x=0.379A and u=27.5%,with the structural formula (Fe1.725 Si0.275)VI(Si0.725Fe0.275)IV O4 and atomic distances(Fe,Si)VI-O=2.022 A and (Si,Fe)IV-O=1.836A,Meanwhile,the Moessbauer spectroscopic analysis of the sample was conducted and the results obtained are in good agreement with those of X-ray structural analysis ,This paper focuses on the phase transformation and the properties of bonds of α-Fe2SiO4→γ-Fe2SiO4. 相似文献
102.
Ben J. Williamson Claire J. Horwell 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):224-225
A link between the inhalation of respirable silicas (SiO2) and respiratory diseases such as silicosis is widely recognized. Ash from dome collapse eruptions on Montserrat has been found to contain high levels (〉20%) of silicas in the form of cristobalite, tridymite, quartz and/or amorphous silica. The toxicity of these silica polymorphs varies widely. Cristobalite and quartz (tridymite less well established) are viewed as carcinogenic to humans whereas amorphous silica generally shows a reduced biological response. In assessing the potential health effects of volcanic ash particulates it is vital to determine the types and concentration of silicas as well as their size (respirable fraction), shape and surface properties. The aim of this study is to develop methods to assess potentially toxic respirable airborne silicas in the dome collapse ash (applicable to a range of ash types) and to develop a model to predict the levels and types of respirable silicas from future eruptions. The model is being developed by comparing dome rock with related ash from a series of previous eruption events. Mineralogical assessment using conventional scanning X-ray diffraction (XRD) was hampered by difficulties in differentiating characteristic peaks for cristobalite and tridymite in complex multi-component ash samples (containing high levels of plagioclase). These difficulties have been largely overcome using an Enraf-Nonius PDS120 diffractometer with curved (120 degrees 20) position sensitive detector (PSD). The determination of size, shape and elemental characteristics of ash particulate and dome rock samples has been carried out using automated analytical scanning electron microscopy. The quantification of mineral proportions using PSD-XRD was highly successful with an accuracy of 1 to 2 wt%. However, the determination of phase proportions using automated analytical SEM was problematic due to scattering effects and the multiphase nature of many of the particles. 相似文献
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Fan YANG Qinghui HUANG Jianhua LI Xiaomin ZHU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):262-262
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important chemical component in natural water. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), a fraction of optical properties, plays art important role in the biogeochemical cycle of nutrients in aquatic environment. People realized that DOM cycle is crucial in the global carbon and nitrogen flux, and also is inherently related to nutrients and trace metal elements. Therefore, CDOM was concerned by scientists in global oceanography and limnology fields. Water samples were collected from three sections (North Channel, South Channel and Zhuyuan) of the Yangtze (Changjiang River) estuary in March 2006 Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (3-DEEM) fluorescence spectra were analyzed for those filtrates through Whatman GF/F filters. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was also measured by TOC analyzer. The tidal variety was also taken into account. The 3-D EEM fluorescence scans suggested the fluorescence characteristics of humic acid (Ex=332-344 nm, Em=439-451 nm) and fulvic acid (Ex=250-254 nm, Em=472-478 nm) were obvious, and the fluorescence group of protein-like and tyrosine (Ex=230 nm, Em=283 nm) was also found. They are mainly composed of CDOM in the Yangtze estuary. Further data analysis, especially the fluorescence index (f 450/500), showed that terrestrial signal was rather strong (1.41-1.65) in the surface water, however, some terrestrial CDOM signals of bottom water showed excursions (1.28-1.39). On the other hand, anthropogenic sign was impressed in the waters of Zhuyuan, which is one of the main drain outlets of Shanghai Metropolis. DOC concentrations ranged from 2.2 mg/L to 3.4 mg/L in Zhuyuan and South Channel, and from 2.0 mg/L to 2.4 mg/L in North Channel. The tide effect played a role in the composition of the CDOM measured by 3-D fluorescence scan technology. 相似文献
104.
本文用ENGLE-型微探针能量色散X荧光光谱(EDXRF)技术测定了一批青釉瓷残片中的16种元素氧化物的含量,其残片来自浙江杭州地区的南宋郊坛窑和老虎洞窑。由主量元素判别方程的Q值表明,两类青釉瓷均属官窑制品。主成分统计分析看出,郊坛官窑与老虎洞官窑的瓷釉成分有明显不同,但其胎质成分的分布,却有部分的重叠,这显示了当时两处官窑的工匠们在使用胎料中的交往。从釉层、过渡层、和胎层的Al2O3和CaO的含量数据表明,郊坛官窑和老虎洞官窑的青釉瓷制品,分别存有厚度为120~140μm和230~240μm的过渡层,表明两处使用釉料和烧制工艺上的… 相似文献
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阐述了关于微量相X射线衍射定量分析的一种简便方法———近似线性关系法,它适用于二相体系(或基体吸收系数基本恒定的多相体系)材料中微量相的定量分析。该方法不需要在待测样品中加入参考物相,分析时仅需对一条衍射线进行测定,因而分析时间很短,其测定结果与实际含量的相对误差为-10.2%~ 21.4%,与外标法和内标法的测量结果的精度相当。 相似文献
108.
理学3080E3型X射线荧光光谱仪维修实例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍理学3080E3型X射线荧光光谱仪样品驱动单元及高压发生器部分的故障现象及维修实例。 相似文献
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