深海真核微生物多样性研究进展     

赵峰  徐奎栋 《地球科学进展》2014,(5)

真核微生物是深海中数量占优势、多样性高且功能重要的微型生物类群。开展深海真核微生物多样性的研究,将为理解深海生态系统结构以及微型生物多样性及其地理分布提供科学依据。迄今,深海真核微生物多样性的研究明显滞后于原核微生物,对于其形态多样性的认识仍局限于有孔虫等无需培养且通过壳体可直接鉴定的少数类群。分子生物学技术的广泛应用,极大地拓展了对深海真核微生物群落结构和多样性的认识,发现了深海中存在的大量未知的新阶元,揭示了较之形态多样性更高的分子多样性。在综述国内外研究进展的基础上,针对真核微生物多样性的研究策略、存在的问题及未来研究应关注的问题提出了建议。  相似文献   

Screening and molecular classification of low-temperature protease from Antarctic microorganism and its characterization     

王全富缪锦来  侯艳华郑洲 李光友 《极地研究(英文版)》2005,16(2):81-89

107 strains producing protease were screened from 260 strains of Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria, among which proteolytic activity of five strains was more than 45 U ml^-1. The 16S rRNA gcne sequences homology and phylogcnetic analysis of five Antarctic psychrophillc bacteria showed that NJ276, NJS-9, NJ16-70,NJ345 belonged tO the described genus Pseudoalteromonas and NJ341 belonged to the genus Colwellia. The growth and the protease characteristic of four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria had been studied, and the result showed that the 6ptimal temperature for growth and protease-produeing of four strains was about 10℃. Their growth and protease-produeing were still high during incubatlng 2-5 days. The maximum proteolytic activity occurred at pH 9 for four Antarctic psychrophilic bacteria. The optimal temperature of protease action of both strains NJ276 and NJ5-9 was about 50℃, however, the optimal temperature of protease aetlon of both strains NJ341 and NJ345 was about 40 ℃, and their proteolytic activity under 0℃ exhibited nearly 30% of the maximum activity, but their thermal stabilities were weaker. These results indicated that proteases from NJ341 and NJ345 were low-temperature proteases.  相似文献   

贾杜古达铀矿化带土壤^222Rn流量的研究     

《国外铀金地质》2002,19(1):48-52

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巨分子云聚合形成N体模拟中粒子数的效应     

张同杰  宋国玄  杨志良  陈黎  张保洲  李楠  崔建华 《天文学报》2002,43(2):131-139

通过N体数值模拟以不同粒子数对星系中巨分子云的形成的影响进行了研究。结果表明：在聚合形成机制下，当对不同数目的分子云取相同的平均密度时，基本分子云的有效半径与其相应质量的立方根成正比，巨分子云的碎裂率与模拟基本分子云的数目无关。  相似文献   

水(冰):宇宙矿物     

陈丰  李雄耀  唐红  王世杰 《矿物学报》2015,35(2):255-266

水(冰)是最简单的化合物,也是宇宙中丰度最大的矿物。通常认为,水无嗅、无味,无处不在。然而,液态水或固态水却是异乎寻常的物质。水具有某些其它物质没有的,特别是赋予生命所要求的特殊性质,如氢键、水簇和kosmotrope离子等。本文综述水(冰)的结构、化学性质、物理性质、分布以及与生命的关系。  相似文献   

对59个北天EGO天体方向上的分子云~(12)COJ=2-1和J=3-2频谱观测研究     

李志广  何金华 《天文学报》2014,(1)

为了研究有大质量恒星形成的分子云与其它分子云之间的差异,对北天的59个作为大质量恒星形成区的Spitzer延展绿色天体(Extended Green Objects,简称EGOs)视线方向进行了分子云~(12)CO J=2-1和J=3-2频谱观测,并与文献中对同一批天体方向观测得到的~(12)CO J=1-0频谱数据合并进行分析.对与EGO天体成协的分子云(简称EGO分子云)和其它non-EGO分子云进行了CO多跃迁谱线强度和宽度的统计比较分析.在数据统计的基础上,讨论了这两类分子云的气体温度分布、密度分布、速度场分布对观测数据统计特征的影响.分析结果表明,直接决定是否有大质量恒星形成的关键因素可能并不是巨分子云的质量是否足够大,而是巨分子云的引力塌缩程度足否充分(即分子云团块的体积填充因子是否足够大).  相似文献   

IRAS 20231+3440区外流激发源的性质研究     

江治波  杨戟  姚永强  Miki Ishii  毛瑞青 《天文学报》2004,45(2):132-140

给出红外点源IRAS 20231 3440附近恒星形成区近红外．JHK’和H2成像观测结果，以及与该IRAS点源成协的近红外点源IRS1的K波段分光观测结果．．JHK’观测显示该区域存在嵌埋的年轻星天体，H2窄波段观测揭示了若干个氢分子发射结点，其中有几个结点排列成线形，暗示分子氢喷流的存在．喷流的北部与已知观测的分子外流成协，表明二者之间存在联系．喷流的走向提示IRS1可能是其激发源，对IRS1的K波段分光观测给出了进一步的证据．从近红外、MSX及IRAS资料估计出IRS1的能谱分布，表明它是一个处于ClassI状态的中等质量的年轻星天体．  相似文献   

Molecular Gas and Dust in the Massive Star Forming Region S 233 IR     

Rui-Qing Mao  Qin Zeng Purple Mountain Observatory  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Nanjing  National Astronomical Observatories  Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2004,4(5):440-454

The massive star forming region S 233 IR is observed in the molecular lines CO J = 2-1, 3-2, NH3 (1,1), (2,2) and the 870#m dust continuum. Four submillimeter continuum sources, labelled SMM 1-4, are revealed in the 870μm dust emission. The main core, SMM1, is found to be associated with a deeply embedded near infrared cluster in the northeast; while the weaker source SMM2 coincides with a more evolved cluster in the southwest. The best fit spectral energy distribution of SMM1 gives an emissivity of β = 1.6, and temperatures of 32 K and 92 K for the cold- and hot-dust components. An SMM1 core mass of 246 M⊙ and a total mass of 445 M⊙ are estimated from the 870μm dust continuum emission.SMM1 is found to have a temperature gradient decreasing from inside out, indicative of the presence of interior heating sources. The total outflow gas mass as traced by the CO J = 3-2 emission is estimated to be 35 M⊙. Low velocity outflows are also found in the NH3 (1,1) emission. The non-thermal dominant NH3 line width as well as the substantial core mass suggest that the SMM1 core is a “turbulent,massive dense core”, in the process of forming a group or a cluster of stars. The much higher star formation efficiency found in the southwest cluster supports the suggestion that this cluster is more evolved than the northeast one. Large near infrared photometric variations found in the source PCS-IR93, a previously found highly polarized nebulosity, indicate an underlying star showing the FU Orionis type of behavior.  相似文献   

恒星形成区H2O脉泽的观测与研究     

吴月芳  韩溥等 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》1995,(16):264-265

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冰中之火     

吴溪 《海洋世界》2009,(7):40-44

笼形水合物（Clathrate hydrates）是以水为基础的晶体,外型看起来像冰。水分子的氢键间构成了“笼形”结构,非极性的分子（通常为气体分子）被“困”在其中。换言之,笼形水合物是一种“笼形”混合物——此混合物中的“主人”是水分子，“客人”通常是气体分子。如果没有被困的气体分子的支持，外部的“笼形”结构就会崩塌，变成普通的冰或是液态水。  相似文献