固体矿产勘查中的水文地质工作不容忽视     

陈静  黄隆辉 《贵州地质》2010,27(2):121-123

固体矿产勘查中水文地质工作的质量好坏,将直接影响未来矿山建设和开发工作。但由于工作对象是固体矿产,勘查者往往会忽视其水文地质工作的重要性。笔者认为:固体矿产勘查中应注重水文地质工作,一是要"严格执行规范",二是要"明确勘查标准和要求,客观实际运用规范",以提高整体勘查报告的质量,为矿山建设设计提供可靠保证。  相似文献   

Supercontinent tectonics and biogeochemical cycle： A matter of ‘life and death＇     

M. Santosh 《地学前缘(英文版)》2010,1(1):21-30

<正>The formation and disruption of supercontinents have significantly impacted mantle dynamics,solid earth processes,surface environments and the biogeochemical cycle.In the early history of the Earth,the collision of parallel intra-oceanic arcs was an important process in building embryonic continents.Superdownwelling along Y-shaped triple junctions might have been one of the important processes that aided in the rapid assembly of continental fragments into closely packed supercontinents. Various models have been proposed for the fragmentation of supercontinents including thermal blanket and superplume hypotheses.The reassembly of supercontinents after breakup and the ocean closure occurs through "introversion","extroversion" or a combination of both,and is characterized by either Pacific-type or Atlantic-type ocean closure.The breakup of supercontinents and development of hydrothermal system in rifts with granitic basement create anomalous chemical environments enriched in nutrients, which serve as the primary building blocks of the skeleton and bone of early modern life forms. A typical example is the rifting of the Rodinia supercontinent,which opened up an N—S oriented sea way along which nutrient enriched upwelling brought about a habitable geochemical environment.The assembly of supercontinents also had significant impact on life evolution.The role played by the Cambrian Gondwana assembly has been emphasized in many models,including the formation of 'Trans-gondwana Mountains' that might have provided an effective source of rich nutrients to the equatorial waters,thus aiding the rapid increase in biodiversity.The planet has witnessed several mass extinction events during its history,mostly connected with major climatic fluctuations including global cooling and warming events,major glaciations,fluctuations in sea level,global anoxia,volcanic eruptions, asteroid impacts and gamma radiation.Some recent models speculate a relationship between superplumes,supercontinent breakup and mass extinction.Upwelling plumes cause continental rifting and formation of large igneous provinces.Subsequent volcanic emissions and resultant plume-induced "winter" have catastrophic effect on the atmosphere that lead to mass extinctions and long term oceanic anoxia.The assembly and dispersal of continents appear to have influenced the biogeochemical cycle,but whether the individual stages of organic evolution and extinction on the planet are closely linked to Solid Earth processes remains to be investigated.  相似文献   

固体径迹探测技术在环境氡监测中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭美玉  童纯菡  刘晓辉 《矿物岩石》2007,27(4):112-115

对醋酸纤维素和CR-39探测器进行比较研究,在确定两种探测器的蚀刻条件和改进径迹计数方法的基础上,对CR-39探测器进行刻度,刻度系数为0.035 Tc/cm2/Bq.h/m3。应用固体径迹测氡方法对安阳地区和成都市室内外氡浓度进行测量,结果表明安阳地区室内外氡浓度范围在13.0 Bq/m3~54.2 Bq/m3之间,成都市室内外氡浓度范围14.1 Bq/m3~43.2 Bq/m3之间,低于GB/t16146-1995规定的氡浓度标准。监测过程发现,装饰地板材料是影响室内氡浓度的一个主要因素,水泥厂、钢铁厂等工业污染是影响室外氡浓度水平的重要因素。  相似文献   

青海马海盐湖低品位固体钾矿室内溶矿实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

张宇萌  赵艳军  胡宇飞 《岩石矿物学杂志》2023,42(5):745-756

柴达木盆地马海盐湖浅部赋存有储量可观的低品位固体钾盐资源,通过水溶开采即固液转化的方法为企业10万吨/年的钾肥生产提供了资源保障。随着水溶开采工作的持续进行,目前马海钾矿区北部浅部固体钾矿的品位进一步降低,给盐田和选矿工艺的调整带来极大挑战。为使这部分资源得以充分利用,本文以马海盐湖钻孔9-13和9-3附近埋深0～3m的固体钾矿样品为研究对象,系统开展了室内溶矿模拟实验。实验结果表明:(1)在固体钾矿KCl品位较低时,适当提高溶剂的波美度,有利于K⁺的溶出,提高溶出液中K⁺的浓度。(2)溶剂中Na⁺的浓度太低会溶解盐层骨架,而Na⁺的浓度太高会导致结盐,生产中应根据钾矿层的实际情况,以满足溶出液K⁺浓度含量达标为准调整溶剂的波美度。(3)随着马海矿区固体钾矿品位持续降低,当K⁺的浓度达到盐田生产要求时,钠盐池卤水中Na⁺的浓度会明显增加,卤水中SO₄^2-相对浓度也相应增加,钠盐池阶段析出的石...  相似文献   

黄河水中无机固位粒子与4种重金属液—固界面的交换作用     

李改枝  郭博书 《海洋与湖沼》2000,31(6):624-630

于１９９６年５－１２月在实验室用离子交换法对黄河干流内蒙古清水河县喇嘛湾断面黄河水中无机固体粒子与Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋的液－固界面作用进行了研究,得出离子交换率Ｅ％与ｐＨ的关系,找出了４种重金属离子的ｐＨ突跃范围和最大离子交换率,结果表明,在黄河水中４种重金属离子主要以羟基络合物的形式Ｍ（ＯＨ）＾＋与无机固体粒子进行一价阳离子交换,随金属离子浓度增加Ｅ％降低,４种重金属离子与转型沙的交换率大于未转型沙。  相似文献   

对甘肃固体矿产勘查的战略性思考   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张新虎  刘建宏 《甘肃地质》2007,16(1):1-6

甘肃是国家加强中西部国土资源调查的重点区域,蕴藏极为丰富的能源、多金属和非金属矿产资源。矿种多,储量大,利用价值高。矿产资源的勘查评价及其开发在甘肃经济发展中具有重要的基础和导向作用,但矿山资源枯竭,接替资源不足已逐渐显现。文章在分析现状的基础上,就当前及今后甘肃省矿产勘查部署、项目设置、勘查方法技术等提出战略性思考,提出分层次对19个重点区域开展勘查和新矿种、新类型、新层位攻关的建议,对矿产勘查评价工作具有指导意义。  相似文献