广东某硫酸冶炼工业区土壤铊污染及评价   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘敬勇  常向阳  涂湘林  陈南  付善明  刘慧 《地质论评》2009,55(2):242-250

运用地累积指数法(Igeo)及富集指数法(EF)对广东某硫酸厂含铊黄铁矿冶炼废渣堆渣场周围土壤铊污染状况进行了调查和评价。结果表明,废渣周围土壤已受到了明显的土壤铊污染,铊污染物主要集中在土壤0~165cm范围,并且表现出沿垂直方向向下迅速降低的特点;土壤表层的铊吸附量未达到饱和状态,铊污染物将继续在土壤表层发生累积作用。Igeo与EF法对铊污染评价结果相似：废渣下伏土壤0~6cm范围铊污染达到中度污染水平,而在土壤约85~15cm以下为无至轻度污染水平;15cm以下没有受到土壤铊的污染;相对于下伏土壤剖面,废渣外围土壤污染更为严重,其中表层土壤0~1cm铊已经达到显著污染,土壤2~105cm范围内铊为中度污染,而在土壤约15cm以下铊为无至轻度污染。两种方法应用于工业区土壤铊污染水平分析是可行的,但是不能表明铊在土壤中存在状态、迁移能力以及生物有效性。  相似文献   

Research on soil multi-media environmental pollution around a Pb-Zn mining and smelting plant in the karst area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Southwest China     

Chaobing Deng  Shuangfei Wang  Fasheng Li 《中国地球化学学报》2009,28(2):188-197

The method of principal component analysis was applied to systematical research on the soil multi-media environment, including soil, surface water, ground water, waterbody sediment and agricultural crops, as well as pollution-inducing wastewater, mullock (or waste ore) and slag in the periphery of a large-sized Pb-Zn mining and smelting plant in a karst area of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The results revealed that soils in the area studied have been heavily polluted by Cd, Zn, Pb and Hg, and the levels of these metals in the samples of agricultural crop greatly exceed the standards. The above-mentioned pollutants exist in all soil-multi-media environments. The mullock, slag, wastewater, surface water, ground water, soil, and agricultural crops constitute a composite ecological chain. Therefore, the improper disposal of mullock and slag, and the use of polluted wastewater for agricultural irrigation are the main causes of soil pollution. Heavy metals in the soil have three transition progresses: point (improved soil with slag, ground water inflow plot), linear (river transition) and non-point transition (regional pollution by slag) patterns, and the tailing yard is the most important locus for heavy metals to release into the environment.  相似文献   

渤海海退典型区——吴桥县污水灌溉对土壤污染调查     

王吉杰  付学功 《地下水》2009,31(4):103-105,124

近20年来进入沧州区域内的地表废污水逐渐增多,为解决农业灌溉问题,沿河大量使用污水灌溉,对地下水和土壤产生污染。对渤海海退和古黄河冲积沉积形成的吴桥县土壤污染情况进行典型监测,评价污水灌溉对类似区域土壤影响,提出防治地下水和土壤污染的措施和建议。  相似文献   

陕西柞水银铅矿区水土环境污染评价     

李英 《西北地质》2003,36(C00):149-152

矿产资源开发对矿区生态环境的影响是当前我国矿山地质环境研究的一个重要课题。矿业活动对生态环境的影响受到多种因素的制约，如矿区自然地理条件、开采方式、经济技术水平、生产规模和管理水平等。其中矿区所处的自然地理条件及经济技术特征是两个最主要的控制因素。本文通过陕西柞水银铅矿的开发对环境影响的调查与评价，来说明这一认识的重要性。  相似文献   

东北振兴中的若干环境岩土工程问题     

王凤池  胡海明 《地质灾害与环境保护》2005,16(2):165-168,171

振兴东北老工业基地面临许多环境岩土工程问题，如固体垃圾处理、采空区建设、土壤污染等。这些问题不仅关系到投资环境的改善和经济振兴，同时也密切关系着普通百姓的生活质量。如何做到经济发展与环境保护双赢是经济建设者和岩土工作者不可推卸的责任。本文对上述环境岩土工程问题进行了探讨并提出了基本对策，力图能使该问题引起人们的足够重视。  相似文献   

Linking historical smelter emissions across Humberside （UK） to enhanced soil metal concentrations using geostatistics and preserved environmental samples     

Barry G. Rawlins Andy Tye Robert M. Lark Emily Hodgkinson Richard Webster Kirsten E. O＇Donnell Barry Smith 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):8-8

Background： Analysis of human malignancies on Humberside （UK） in 1984 showed an increased risk close to the site of the local smelter. Geochemical survey data for Pb and Sn in soil collected soon after the smelter closed showed elevated concentrations relative to local background levels, and a strong spatial trend related to the prevailing wind direction. No historical emission data existed and evidence associating the smelter with the putative soil contamination plume was considered equivocal. In this work we test the hypotheses that： a） historical data can be used to estimate the excess quantities of Pb and Sn in the soil; b） tree bark ＆ attic dust can act as historical archives of particulate deposition; c） geochemical and mineralogical information assist in linking the source of the metal and the historical contamination plume.  相似文献   

Research on natural plants in the lead/zinc mine in northwestern Guizhou Province     

Li SUN Yuangen YANG Wei Yang BAI 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):38-38

A study of soils and four flourish plants in the heavy metal polluted area by lead/zinc mine in northwestem Guizhou Province. In this study four plants were collected, the species were： Sambucus Chinensis Linn, lxeris gracilis （DC.） stebb, Buddlej daxidii Franch.ex.sinarum lmp. and Senecio scandens. The fractions of heavy metals in the soil were distinguished by the short sequential extraction procedure （I. Maiz, 1997）, the available fractions and residual fractions of heavy metals in the soil could be separated. The plant digestion was effected by means of the microwave digest system （Durali Mendil, 2004）. In each step Pb, Zn and Cd were analyzed by FAAS. This study analyzed the heavy metals （Pb, Zn, Cd） contents of the soil and plant. It is found that the contents in the plant increased linearly with heavy metal concentrations in soil. The concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd in the four plants follow the order of Zn〉Pb〉Cd. Sambucus Chinensis Linn and lxeris gracilis （DC.） stebb were proved to have good metal-enrichment and transport ability for heavy metals in the soil.  相似文献   

Experimental study on soil pollution analysis around tailings using ground penetrating radar     

Dunwen LIU Desheng GU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):44-44

Pollution caused by tailings has become a serious environmental problem in China. An attempt was made to establish the ground penetrating radar （GPR） as a quick and non-destructive method for soil pollution analysis. Some physical models were established of contaminated soils from the tailing area. A series of indoor GPR experiments were conducted with 1 GHz antenna. The interface of contaminated area and uncontaminated area is characterized as a saltation zone in the radar image. The results of experiments show a clear correlation between the GPR data and the pollution intensity of soil. Based on all experimental data, the relation of velocity of electromagnetic wave propagation and pollution intensity was induced by using artificial neural network （ANN）. The results obtained indicate that GPR can provide high-resolution estimates of soil pollution variations around tailings as a function of depth as well as space and time.  相似文献   

An investigation on arsenic contamination near small factories of metal smelter in Zhejiang Province     

Chunxia YAO Xuebin YIN Yongming LUO Jing SONG De BI Feng XUE 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):77-77

To investigate arsenic contamination in soil-groundwater-food-human hairs system around metal smelters in Zhejiang Province, China, totally 52 paddy soil, 20 groundwater, 52 rice and 30 residents＇ hair samples were collected. Arsenic contents in the sampled materials were determined by Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer （AFS-930, Beijing Vital）. The results showed that arsenic contents in the groundwater ranged from 0.29 to 6.67 μg/L, with a mean value of 1.14 μg/L （n=20）. In the paddy soils, arsenic contents ranged from 3.8 to 162.7 mg/kg, averaging at 14.7 mg/kg （n=52）. In the rice grain samples arsenic contents varied from 87 to 531 μg/kg （with a mean of 280 μg/kg）, but arsenic content in the rice bran was 2 times higher. In resident hairs from polluted area, arsenic contents ranged from 150 to 10080 μg/kg, averaging 1070 μg/kg, significantly higher than those in non-polluted area around and showed strong age dependence. The arsenic contents in hairs of age over 40 years old （1580 μg/kg, n= 12） were 2 times higher than those of age below 40 （740 μg/kg, n= 18）. Male and female appear also to have much different accumulations of 1370 μg/kg and 560 μg/kg, respectively.  相似文献   

Combining hydropyrolysis and compound specific stable isotope measurements to identify sources of biodegrade PAHs in soils and sediments     

Chenggong SUN Gbolagade Olalere Wisdom Ivwurie Mick Cooper Christopher H. Vane Colin Snape 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):90-91

Compound-specific ^13C/^12C isotope ratio measurements have successfully been demonstrated as a valuable technique for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） source apportionment in a number of studies. However, under certain circumstances, where the PAils matrix has been subjected to heavy biodegradation/phytoremediation, and the isotopic signatures for PAHs are overlapping for some sources, further constraints are needed for unambiguous source apportionment. It has been shown that asphaltenes retain useful molecular and isotopic information of biogeochemical significance for oil-source rock correlation （1-3）, which can be accessed via hydropyrolysis. Given that stable isotopic ratios of PAHs are not significantly affected by biodegradation and that hydropyrolysis of asphaltenes can generate representative molecular profiles expected for non-biodegraded oils, this has enabled an analytical methodology combining hydropyrolysis and compound-specific stable isotope measurements to be developed for source apportioning hydrocarbons in biodegraded environmental samples. In this study, the PAHs released from hydropyrolysis of asphaltenes from a variety of primary sources （e.g. crude oils, low and high temperature coal tars, and river sediments） were characterized in regard to their molecular distributions and ^13C/^12C isotope ratios. Application to samples previously examined from an area close to a former carbonization plant is described where unambiguous source apportionment could not be achieved previously for the PAHs due to likely environmental alternation （3）. For both low and high temperature coal tar, the molecular profiles for bound aromatics are broadly similar to their free aromatic counterparts. The stable carbon isotope ratios for the major PAH components present in bound aromatics （-23‰） are significantly more enriched in ^13C than the free aromatics （-26‰）,  相似文献