中国冬季大范围持续性低温事件低频特征及其与大气低频振荡的联系     

谭赢  李丽平  施春华  毛炜峄  李一格 《高原气象》2022,(6):1410-1424

利用1980-2017年国家气象信息中心提供的2481站逐日气温和NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料,对比研究了大气低频振荡对中国冬季三类（即：全国类、东北类和东部类）大范围持续性低温事件（以下简称事件）的影响差异。结果表明：20世纪80-90年代初和21世纪00年代后期以来事件偏多,冬季温度均具10～30天显著周期。通过对对流层大气环流场分析发现,在低层三类事件主要受低频西伯利亚高压（Siberian high,SH）影响,SH在全国类最强,东北类最弱;SH范围在全国类最大,南边界可达长江以南,在东北类和东部类中偏东。此外偏西的低频阿留申低压也是影响东北类事件的主要低频系统之一。在中层,全国类和东部类事件均有低频横槽转竖并和东亚大槽合并的过程,横槽在全国类中纬向尺度更大,东北类主要受东北冷涡度的影响。在高层,在全国类事件中温带急流整体持续偏弱,副热带急流整体持续偏强;东北类温带急流西强东弱,副热带急流西弱东强;东部类中温带急流整体持续偏弱,且偏弱程度大于全国类,副热带急流西强东弱。要分别关注低频500 hPa高度场上-12天（全国类）、-9天（东北类）和-10天（东部类）的西部预测信号...  相似文献   

青藏高原春季积雪对北半球夏季季节内振荡的影响     

曹言超  王晓春 《高原气象》2022,(6):1384-1398

利用中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院提供的1981-2016年雪深资料,分析了青藏高原春季雪深异常对北半球夏季季节内振荡（Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation,BSISO）的影响。BSISO包括周期为30～60天的BSISO1模态和周期为10～30天的BSISO2模态。结果表明,当青藏高原积雪偏多（偏少）时,与BSISO1相关的对流在印度、孟加拉湾以及“海洋性大陆”（Maritime Continent,MC）区域偏多（偏少）,而在南海和西北太平洋区域偏少（偏多）;与BSISO2相关的对流在北印度洋、MC以及东海南海区域偏多（偏少）,而在西北太平洋区域偏少（偏多）。高原积雪可以通过改变背景风场以及湿度场来影响BSISO1的对流活动。当高原春季积雪异常增多（减少）时,垂直东北风切变在北印度洋区域增强（减弱）,北印度洋与孟加拉湾间的湿度梯度增加（减小）,有（不）利于与BSISO1相关的对流活动传播到孟加拉湾及MC区域;MC区域水汽减少（增多）,不（有）利于与BSISO1相关的对流活动继续传播到南海和西北太平洋区域。  相似文献   

基于遥感数据和表层声速的全海深声速剖面反演     

李倩倩  李宏琳  曹守莲  严娴  马志川 《海洋学报》2022,44(12):84-94

海洋声速剖面严重影响着水下声传播特性,近实时地获取声速剖面对水下声通信、水下定位、鱼群探测等都有重要意义。单经验正交函数回归（single Empirical Orthogonal Function regression,sEOF-r）方法通过建立声速剖面的经验正交系数与海面遥感数据之间的线性回归关系来反演声速剖面。但是,海洋是一个复杂的动力系统,声速与海面遥感数据并不是简单的线性关系,因此,本文基于Argo历史网格数据,通过自组织映射（Self-Organizing Map,SOM）生成海平面高度异常（Sea Level Anomaly,SLA）、海表面温度（Sea Surface Temperature,SST）等海表遥感数据以及表层声速仪测量的表层声速与声速剖面异常之间的非线性映射;然后利用近实时的海表遥感数据和表层声速反演三维海洋声速场。声速剖面反演的结果表明,在多源信息融合的优势下,本文方法的反演性能最稳定且精度最高,声速剖面的平均反演精度比经典sEOF-r方法提高约2 m/s,比未考虑表层声速的经典SOM方法提高约1 m/s。  相似文献   

Performance of a Reconfigured Atmospheric General Circulation Model at Low Resolution   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

WEN Xinyu  ZHOU Tianjun  WANG Shaowu  WANG Bin  WAN Hui  LI Jian 《大气科学进展》2007,24(4):712-728

Paleoclimate simulations usually require model runs over a very long time.The fast integration version of a state-of-the-art general circulation model (GCM),which shares the same physical and dynamical processes but with reduced horizontal resolution and increased time step,is usually developed.In this study,we configure a fast version of an atmospheric GCM (AGCM),the Grid Atmospheric Model of IAP/LASG (Institute of Atmospheric Physics/State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics),at low resolution (GAMIL-L,hereafter),and compare the simulation results with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis and other data to examine its performance.GAMIL-L,which is derived from the original GAMIL,is a finite difference AGCM with 72×40 grids in longitude and latitude and 26 vertical levels.To validate the simulated climatology and variability,two runs were achieved.One was a 60-year control run with fixed climatological monthly sea surface temperature (SST) forcing,and the other was a 50-yr (1950-2000) integration with observational time-varying monthly SST forcing.Comparisons between these two cases and the reanalysis,including intra-seasonal and inter-annual variability are also presented.In addition,the differences between GAMIL-L and the original version of GAMIL are also investigated. The results show that GAMIL-L can capture most of the large-scale dynamical features of the atmosphere, especially in the tropics and mid latitudes,although a few deficiencies exist,such as the underestimated Hadley cell and thereby the weak strength of the Asia summer monsoon.However,the simulated mean states over high latitudes,especially over the polar regions,are not acceptable.Apart from dynamics,the thermodynamic features mainly depend upon the physical parameterization schemes.Since the physical package of GAMIL-L is exactly the same as the original high-resolution version of GAMIL,in which the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM2) physical package was used,there are only small differences between them in the precipitation and temperature fields.Because our goal is to develop a fast-running AGCM and employ it in the coupled climate system model of IAP/LASG for paleoclimate studies such as ENSO and Australia-Asia monsoon,particular attention has been paid to the model performances in the tropics.More model validations,such as those ran for the Southern Oscillation and South Asia monsoon, indicate that GAMIL-L is reasonably competent and valuable in this regard.  相似文献   

A note on the role of meridional wind stress anomalies and heat flux in ENSO simulations     

朱杰顺  孙照渤  周广庆 《大气科学进展》2007,24(4):729-738

Four comparative experiments and some supplementary experiments were conducted to examine the role of meridional wind stress anomalies and heat flux variability in ENSO simulations by using a high-resolution Ocean General Circulation Model （OGCM）. The results indicate that changes in the direction and magnitude of meridional wind stress anomalies have little influence on ENSO simulations until meridional wind stress anomalies are unrealistically enlarged by a factor of 5.0. However, evidence of an impact on ENSO simulations due to heat flux variability was found. The simulated Nino-3 index without the effect of heat flux anomalies tended to be around 1.0° lower than the observed, as well as the control run, during the peak months of ENSO events.  相似文献   

Interdecadal Variability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon and Associated Atmospheric Circulations     

ZENG Gang  SUN Zhaobo  Wei-Chyung WANG  MIN Jinzhong 《大气科学进展》2007,24(5):915-926

Based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） reanalysis data from 1950-1999, interdecadal variability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon （EASM） and its associated atmospheric circulations are investigated. The EASM exhibits a distinct interdecadal variation, with stronger （weaker） summer monsoon maintained from 1950-1964 （1976-1997）. In the former case, there is an enhanced Walker cell in the eastern Pacific and an anti-Walker cell in the western Pacific. The associated ascending motion resides in the central Pacific, which flows eastward and westward in the upper troposphere, descending in the eastern and western ends of the Pacific basin. At the same time, an anomalous East Asian Hadley Cell （EAHC） is found to connect the low-latitude and mid-latitude systems in East Asia, which strengthens the EASM. The descending branch of the EAHC lies in the west part of the anti-Walker cell, flowing northward in the lower troposphere and then ascending at the south of Lake Baikal （40°-50°N, 95°- 115°E） before returning to low latitudes in the upper troposphere, thus strengthening the EASM. The relationship between the EASM and SST in the eastern tropical Pacific is also discussed. A possible mechanism is proposed to link interdecadal variation of the EASM with the eastern tropical Pacific SST. A warmer sea surface temperature anomaly （SSTA） therein induces anomalous ascending motion in the eastern Pacific, resulting in a weaker Walker cell, and at the same time inducing an anomalous Walker cell in the western Pacific and an enhanced EAHC, leading to a weaker EASM. Furthermore, the interdecadal variation of summer precipitation over North China is found to be the south of Lake Baikal through enhancing and reducing strongly regulated by the velocity potential over the regional vertical motions.  相似文献   

区域航磁异常汇编数据的长波成分提取、评价与替换技术     

张攀  杜劲松  王震  杨明豫  陈超 《地球物理学报》2022,(7):2595-2612

各个国家与地区的航磁异常数据一般均采用多期磁测数据汇编而成,但是由于测量时间跨度较大、各期测量精度与校正参数不一致、以及磁力异常本身的时变性等原因,各期磁力异常数据之间具有系统差异,致使航磁异常汇编数据的长波成分可能存在不可靠性.本文基于二维修正球冠谐分析建模方法与单纯采用卫星磁测数据构建的全球岩石圈磁场模型可靠波段,提出区域航磁异常汇编数据的长波成分提取、评价与替换技术.通过仿真数据测试了本文所提方法的有效性之后,将其应用于澳大利亚第七版航磁异常网格数据,进而采用CM6模型的16～90阶球谐系数解算数据对提取的航磁异常长波成分进行了评价与替换,并通过空区补值与扩边处理,得到了澳大利亚及邻区完整的磁力异常网格数据.最后,采用替换了和未替换长波成分的航磁异常汇编数据,与CHAMP卫星磁测三分量数据联合进行修正球冠谐建模,结果显示,替换了长波成分的航磁异常汇编数据与卫星磁测数据融合效果更好,而由航磁异常汇编数据提取的长波成分与卫星磁测数据存在不相容性或非一致性.仿真测试与实际应用均表明本文所提方法具有可靠性和实用性,值得在区域航磁异常数据汇编中推广应用.  相似文献   

松辽盆地西北边界部分地球物理特征   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

刘殿秘  韩立国  翁爱华  刘财  张凤旭 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(6):1722-1727

松辽盆地是我国东北地区重要的地质构造单元.为探测松辽盆地西北部边界基底分布、深部结构与构造关系,沿扎兰屯经齐齐哈尔至林甸实施了约240 km的综合地球物理的探测研究,利用重力、电法等地球物理方法对其进行了综合地球物理解释.研究结果揭示了研究区的速度结构分布、重力分布、基底起伏形态及电性结构等地球物理特征:(1)满-绥断面速度资料显示,嫩江岩石圈断裂有明显的速度分界,其东南侧的松辽盆地与大杨树坳陷具有连续统一的速度结构;(2)重力反演基底显示,松辽盆地与大杨树坳陷基底连续,具有统一的基底特征;(3)二维电性反演显示,大杨树坳陷和松辽盆地两构造电性层连在一起,低阻分布形态也是一样的.以上结果结合满-绥断面速度结构分布表明大杨树坳陷是松辽盆地西部的延续,松辽盆地西部边界应扩展到大杨树坳陷西部边界,即嫩江岩石圈断裂.  相似文献   

灌注桩钢筋笼外部的磁异常特征研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

董平  樊敬亮  刘朝晖  陈光伟  王良书  孙斌  蒲晓轩 《地球物理学进展》2007,22(5):1660-1665

灌注桩中的钢筋笼在地磁场中受磁化作用而产生磁感应强度,使灌注桩附近的磁场强度发生变化.通过分析水平磁性圆柱体外部的磁异常特征,结合模型桩试验,研究了灌注桩钢筋笼外部的磁异常特征,结果表明在钢筋笼外侧钻孔中的磁异常总体上呈现"两峰夹一谷"的特征,钢筋笼中部呈宽缓的马鞍形负异常,钢筋笼底端位置对应磁异常从极小值转变为极大值的拐点.研究成果从理论上为用磁测井法检测灌注桩中钢筋笼长度奠定了基础.  相似文献   

基于Kriging统计的GPS高程拟合方法研究     

《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(2)

  相似文献