大型海藻吸附水体中重金属离子的机理及影响因素   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邓莉萍  苏营营  苏华  王新亭  朱校斌 《海洋科学》2008,32(8):91-97

随着现代工业的发展，人类的生存环境日益恶化，水体污染已经成为影响人类健康的重要因素。工业生产过程中往往会产生大量含铬、铜、汞、镍、铅、硒、锌等重金属离子的废水或固体废弃物，如果这些有害离子得不到及时有效的处理，就会对生态环境和人类健康产生不良影响，而且还会给国民经济造成重大损失。  相似文献   

以改性蛭石为填料的生物流化床法处理低C /N污水的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈涛  罗伟  张凤君  于泷  张国立 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2010,40(2):394-398

以热改性蛭石为填料,提高生物流化床系统处理低C/N污水的能力。实验结果表明,经过改性的蛭石对氨氮和COD的去除效率有明显的提高,分别是天然蛭石的2.1倍和2.7倍。在热改性蛭石为填料的生物流化床系统处理低C/N污水的实验过程中,主要分析了温度、pH和DO对反应系统处理效果的影响,确定了反应器的最佳处理条件。对于氨氮质量浓度为50 mg/L、ρ(COD)为200 mg/L的原水,在温度为30℃、pH=8.0、ρ(DO)=2.0 mg/L的处理条件下,反应系统对氨氮和COD的处理效果最佳,去除率分别可达94.9%和85.7%。  相似文献   

ECONOMIC APPROACH FOR CONTROL AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN CHINA     

WANG Xiao-yan CAO Li-ping 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2005,15(4):297-302

1 IN T R O D U C T IO NM ostofthepastw aterm anagem enthasfocused on pointsource pollution,w ith less attention to nonpointsourcepollution.A fterpointsourcesofpollution have been al-ready heavily controlled, nonpoint source pollution(N PSP) has becom e th…  相似文献   

水体中芽孢杆菌和微囊藻的生长及其资源竞争   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

瞿建宏  刘韶斌 《广东海洋大学学报》2002,22(3):13-18

以C，N，P为主要限制性因子研究了芽孢杆菌和微囊藻在水中的生长率，并据Monod方程了解种群增长率与营养浓度之间的关系，以判断藻菌资源竞争的结果。研究结果显示，氮浓度的或高或磷浓度的降低，即N／P比值的或高，有利于芽孢杆菌的生长；而当氮浓度一定时，C／N比值越高，芽孢杆菌生长得越好。而微囊藻作为一种自养的光合,春生长与水中的C源无关，与氮磷浓度有关。氮磷浓度越高则生长越好。在此研究结果基础上进行藻菌生长动态的比较表明，在氮限制条件下，微囊藻的生长率稍高于芽孢杆菌；在磷限制条件下，芽孢杆菌的生长率总是大大高于微囊藻的生长率。  相似文献   

IKONOS遥感数据在离子吸附型稀土矿区环境污染调查中的应用研究——以赣南寻乌地区为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

代晶晶  王登红  陈郑辉  于扬 《地球学报》2013,34(3):354-360

稀土矿山的开采活动产生了一系列的环境问题。为解决我国南方离子吸附型稀土矿山环境监测的问题,本文选取赣南寻乌地区为研究区,针对目前离子吸附型稀土矿存在的两大环境问题——土地荒漠化及水体污染,采用IKONOS高分辨率遥感数据进行监测方法研究,运用光谱角分类算法提取了研究区土地荒漠化较为严重的区域,运用ISODATA非监督分类算法对稀土矿开采周边河流污染程度进行评估。通过提取结果分析及野外调研,表明高空间分辨率遥感数据处理与分析为离子吸附性稀土矿矿山环境快速、动态监测提供了良好的技术手段。  相似文献   

王浩:中国水现状不容乐观——访中国工程院院士、中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所名誉所长王浩     

岳尚华 《地球》2013,(10):14-19

正水危机是指20世纪70年代以来,由于人类过度的大规模活动造成的水资源尤其是饮用水的匮乏以及水体污染。水资源危机是21世纪人类共同面对的最严峻的问题。其中中国水危机最为国内外专家学者关注。我国淡水资源紧缺,而水污染使缺水的局势更加严峻。我国用水现状如何?怎样应对水危机?为此,本刊记者采访了中国工程院院士、中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所名誉所长王浩。  相似文献   

辽西低山丘陵区水库污染水生态修复研究     

袁晓奇 《地下水》2022,(1):114-115,141

辽西低山丘陵区水库存在大量内源污染、面源污染以及点源污染,通过对大凌河干流水库污染水体特征的全面分析,遵循生态修复与污染控制结合、人工循环与自然补水结合、水库协同治理等水生态修复理念探讨了水库污染水体生态修复可行性,并综合考虑水库功能划分、地质地貌特征、水库污染程度、地域、水质条件等因素,提出辽西低山丘陵区阎王鼻子水库...  相似文献   

城市化进展和城市水环境   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

温彦  李云凤 《河南地质情报》1996,(4):28-32

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Geochemical features of heavy metals in core sediments of northwestern Taihu Lake, China     

刘恩峰沈吉  刘兴起 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(1):73-81

Sequential core sediments from northwestern Taihu Lake in China were analyzed for grain size, organic carbon and heavy metal content. The sediments are composed of organic-poor clayey-fine silts. The chemical speciations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were also analyzed using the BCR sequential extraction procedure. Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn are mainly associated with the residue fraction; Mn is concentrated mainly in exchangeable/carbonate fraction and residue fraction; and Pb mainly in Fe/Mn oxide fraction and organic/sulfide fraction. The exchangeable/carbonate fractions of Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn and Pb are lower. The fractions of Ni, Pb and Zn bound to the Fe/Mn oxide have significant correlations with reducible Mn; the organic/sulfide fractions of Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn have significant correlations with TOC. The extractable fractions of Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn are high at the top 4 cm of the core sediments as compared to those in the deeper layers, showing the anthropogenic input of heavy metals is due to rapid industrial development. The heavy metal pollution history of the sediments has been recorded since the late 1970s, determined by the result of ^137Cs dating.  相似文献   

Landscape pattern dynamics of water body in Kaifeng city in the 20th century     

CAOXinxiang DINGShengyan 《地理学报(英文版)》2005,15(1):106-114

Landscape spatial pattern mainly refers to the distribution of patches, which are different in size and shape in space owing to the interaction of various ecological activities. In landscape ecology study, landscape pattern has been one of the key study areas. Water body landscape plays an important role in the development history of a city, but at present city water body landscape in many cities has been destroyed, hence protecting water body in the city is becoming more and more important. In order to protect city water body landscape reasonably, the precondition is to probe the dynamics of water body landscape. Based on historical data and remote sensing data, six indexes including patch number, patch area, landscape dominance index, fractal dimension, patch density and connectivity index etc. were used to analyze landscape pattern dynamics of water body in Kaifeng city since the end of the Qing Dynasty (in the 20th century). The results showed: (1) Since the end of the Qing Dynasty, landscape area of water body in Kaifeng city increased first and then decreased from 1898 to 2002AD; the landscape dominant degree had the same changing tendency with the area. (2) Patch number of water body landscape in Kaifeng city had an increase from 1898 to 2002, but maximum area of patch, minimum area of patch and average area of patch decreased, which resulted in an increase in landscape fragment degree. (3) Connectivity index decreased and fractal dimension increased from 1898 to 2002. The reasons for these changes were the repeated overflows and flooding of the Yellow River and the influence of human activities.  相似文献