Origin and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum of the chromophoric dissolved organic matter in Yangtze estuary, East China     

Fan YANG Qinghui HUANG Jianhua LI Xiaomin ZHU 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):262-262

Dissolved organic matter （DOM） is an important chemical component in natural water. Chromophoric dissolved organic matter （CDOM）, a fraction of optical properties, plays art important role in the biogeochemical cycle of nutrients in aquatic environment. People realized that DOM cycle is crucial in the global carbon and nitrogen flux, and also is inherently related to nutrients and trace metal elements. Therefore, CDOM was concerned by scientists in global oceanography and limnology fields. Water samples were collected from three sections （North Channel, South Channel and Zhuyuan） of the Yangtze （Changjiang River） estuary in March 2006 Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix （3-DEEM） fluorescence spectra were analyzed for those filtrates through Whatman GF/F filters. Dissolved organic carbon （DOC） was also measured by TOC analyzer. The tidal variety was also taken into account. The 3-D EEM fluorescence scans suggested the fluorescence characteristics of humic acid （Ex=332-344 nm, Em=439-451 nm） and fulvic acid （Ex=250-254 nm, Em=472-478 nm） were obvious, and the fluorescence group of protein-like and tyrosine （Ex=230 nm, Em=283 nm） was also found. They are mainly composed of CDOM in the Yangtze estuary. Further data analysis, especially the fluorescence index （f 450/500）, showed that terrestrial signal was rather strong （1.41-1.65） in the surface water, however, some terrestrial CDOM signals of bottom water showed excursions （1.28-1.39）. On the other hand, anthropogenic sign was impressed in the waters of Zhuyuan, which is one of the main drain outlets of Shanghai Metropolis. DOC concentrations ranged from 2.2 mg/L to 3.4 mg/L in Zhuyuan and South Channel, and from 2.0 mg/L to 2.4 mg/L in North Channel. The tide effect played a role in the composition of the CDOM measured by 3-D fluorescence scan technology.  相似文献   

Effect of particles on the photodegradation of PAHs in natural waters-A case study for the Yellow River     

Xinghui XIA 《中国地球化学学报》2006,25(B08):263-263

Photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene and benzo （g, h, i） perylene in natural water of the Yellow River was studied using simulation sunlight. The effects of particulates on the photodegradation were explored. Several results arose from this study. （1） The photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with first-order kinetics when no particulate exists in water system, and the first-order constant increases with decreasing of initial concentration of PAHs. The photodegradation rates of the three PAHs are related to their molecule absorption spectrum. （2） The existence of loess exerts two kinds of effects on the photodegradation of PAHs, including the inner filter effects and the photosensitizing effects of humic substance in loess. These two contrary effects lead to the difference of net effects among different contents of loess. When the loess contents are 0.1 and 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of chrysene, benzo （a） pyrene. When the loess content is 5.0 g/L, the existence of loess stimulates the photodegradation of benzo （g, h, i） perylene. In addition, the photodegradation of PAHs can be fitted with the second-order kinetics when there is loess in the water system. （3） The soluble humic substances in loess can accelerate the photodegradation of PAHs while the in soluble part cannot. （4） Since the soluble humic substances in the suspended solids of the river have been dissolved in water,  相似文献   

x^2（n，δ）分布及非中心参数估计     

周秋生王延亮  马俊海 《测绘科学》2005,30(5):13-15

在研究测量误差分析、模型误差统计检验、变形分析、可靠性分析和优化设计等问题中，经常需要对统计量分布的非中心参数进行估计。本文针对x^2（n，δ）分布，讨论了其分布的密度函数和数字特征，提出了一种估计非中心参数的方法，并给出了部分估计结果，可供实际应用时查取。  相似文献   

水环境容量的影响因素及分析研究     

孙秀喜  冯耀奇 《地下水》2005,27(5):389-391

本文采用流量级频率分析和统计分析方法,对黄河下游流量及泥沙含量对水环境容量的影响进行了研究分析.分析结果:河流在平滩流量时不仅输沙能力最大[8],而且输运污染物能力也最大,黄河下游水环境容量萎缩是平滩流量降低的必然结果.  相似文献   

盛源盆地南部铀成矿水文地球化学条件分析     

石平 《铀矿地质》2005,21(1):38-44,51

本文阐述了盛源盆地南部铀成矿的地质、水文地质和水文地球化学条件 ,分析了区内放射性水异常的产出、分布特征和控制因素 ,认为坝口等地段水的循环深度大 ,深部氧化 还原过渡带发育 ,大面积、交互叠加的放射性水异常是寻找大型隐伏铀矿床的重要标志。  相似文献   

吐哈盆地十红滩铀矿床水文地球化学特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

乔海明  张天太  张复新  尚高峰  宋哲 《铀矿地质》2005,21(6):345-352

本文根据水化学资料的研究,探讨了十红滩铀矿床含矿含水层高矿化度地下水的成因,分析了高矿化度水对铀溶解迁移的影响及碳酸盐的形成机理.  相似文献   

含水介质各向异性对渗透系数空间变异性统计的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

施小清  吴吉春  袁永生  姜蓓蕾 《水科学进展》2005,16(5):679-684

针对目前渗透系数实测样本假定满足各向同性的局限,以Borden含水层试验场实测数据为例,通过反证法进行相关数据分析,总结了含水介质各向异性对渗透系数空间变异性统计的影响,并指明渗透系数各向同性假设的适用条件以及不合理之处。同时相应地给出了研究尺度下渗透系数场能否采用平稳随机场描述的判定依据。最后为今后进一步开展渗透系数空间变异性研究提出几点建议。  相似文献   

关于降水干旱指标的设想   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

童海滨陆宝宏  周祥林余赛英 崔亚军 《水文》2005,25(2):4-8,32

对当前几种常用的基于降水量的干旱指标的优点和不足作了比较与分析，结合非参数统计方法和游程理论提出了一种新的干旱指标，与其它几种指标相比，具有适应面广、使用灵活、便于不同地区的统计分析、便于定量等特点。  相似文献   

水文信息处理系统研究     

舒大兴 王健郑召平  刘易娜肖泰峰 李丽华 《水文》2005,25(3):26-29

水文信息处理系统是在Windows环境下、用Visual Basic 6．0高级语言研制开发的智能水文资料整编软件，引用数据库存储信息，调用Excel输出整编成果。该软件实现了水位、流量、泥沙等要素关系线的自动生成和人工辅助定线，并完成全部整编计算工作，结束了我国水文资料电算整编工作中依靠手工定线整编的历史，解决了计算机定线、推流和成果输出一次完成的技术难题，真正实现了水文资料整编计算机化。  相似文献   

非加温型四连栋塑料温室内外温湿度关系研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

李军  杨秋珍  吴元中 《气象》2005,31(8):22-24

根据1999年12月～2002年8月典型天气（晴天、多云、阴天）下非加温型四连栋塑料温室中间1．5m高度气温、相对湿度的观测数据，应用逐步回归分析方法建立了冬季、春秋季、夏季典型天气下温室内日平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温、日平均相对湿度与气象站气象要素间的关系式，为温室蔬菜品种筛选、蔬菜标准化栽培、无公害蔬菜生产和病虫害防治提供小气候方面的技术数据。  相似文献