激光钻进煤岩技术的研究进展     

王玉丹  罗耀坤  文国军  吴玲玲  官东林  姚邹 《煤田地质与勘探》2021,49(1):297-302

激光钻进技术是一种极具潜力的创新技术,也是钻探领域的研究热点。作为一种非接触式钻进技术,对破碎松软岩层扰动破坏小,将激光钻进应用于煤层气定向钻进中可发挥出非常明显的优势。梳理和总结了激光用于煤岩钻进的成孔机制、钻进效果的影响因素。在激光钻进过程中,激光与煤岩相互作用伴随着复杂的理化作用,指出激光钻进煤岩主要的成孔机制是烧蚀成孔。从激光参数、岩石性质、外部环境等方面阐述了影响激光钻进煤岩效果的因素,论述了激光钻进用于煤岩这一特定钻进对象的特殊现象和问题,指出煤岩在激光照射下,组分的挥发、热解、升华、烧结和氧化构成了煤岩在高温下主要的热烧蚀机制。从钻进机理、工艺、装置等方面着手,建议加强激光钻进煤岩的多物理场耦合作用机制、钻进工艺、钻进装置研制等适应性研究,为激光用于煤岩的高质高效钻进研究提供参考。   相似文献   

滋肾平眩汤联合西药治疗后循环缺血性眩晕肾阴不足证49例          下载免费PDF全文

秦恒玺 《应用海洋学学报》2019,35(12):36-37

目的：观察滋肾平眩汤联合西药治疗后循环缺血性眩晕肾阴不足证的临床疗效。方法：将后循环缺血性眩晕肾阴不足证患者98例随机分为2组,每组各49例。2组均给予西医常规治疗,对照组加用盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上加服滋肾平眩汤治疗。1个月后比较2组综合疗效、动脉血流速度、不良反应。结果：总有效率治疗组为87.76%,对照组为71.43%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。2组基底动脉、右椎动脉、左椎动脉血流速度治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;2组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：滋肾平眩汤联合西药可提高后循环缺血性眩晕肾阴不足证的临床疗效,改善血流速度,且不良反应少。  相似文献   

中国锂矿的多旋回深循环内外生一体化成矿理论及其找矿应用     

王登红  代鸿章  刘善宝  王成辉  李建康  李鹏  陈郑辉  于扬  秦锦华  孙艳  娄德波  姚佛军 《地质学报》2024,98(3):889-897

中国锂资源的分布具有卤水型与硬岩型相伴相随、若即若离的特点。“多旋回深循环内外生一体化”成锂理论,在多年三稀金属矿产找矿实践和理论研究的基础上不断丰富完善。中国锂矿的形成与“多旋回”构造运动密切相关,从前寒武纪到新生代均有成矿潜力,可构成一个完整的多旋回成矿谱系。锂的“深循环”,一是锂深度参与成岩成矿的物质循环;二是需要一个“圈闭”的构造背景将锂“捕获”以避免其过度分散,锂从开始加入到岩浆与最终定位的深度之差,是硬岩型锂矿成矿的关键之一,压差越大越有利于伟晶岩型锂矿的形成。大量锂矿实例显示锂的物质循环是“内外生一体化”的统一过程,高海拔地区(山上)的含锂地质体(花岗岩类甚至直接就是含锂矿床)经风化剥蚀之后,可能成为沉积型锂矿的物质来源之一;而富含锂的沉积岩经过埋藏、变质、深熔也可以形成含锂的岩浆岩、伟晶岩。我国西部塔里木盆地、四川盆地、扎布耶盆地及东部的江汉盆地、吉泰盆地、周田盆地等大小不一的盆地均含锂,而其周边造山带中也不同程度发育硬岩型锂矿,这就为区域找矿指明了方向。“多旋回深循环内外生一体化”成锂理论是三稀矿产成矿理论的重要组成部分,为我国锂矿找矿工作提供了指导和借鉴,在甲基卡、可尔因、阿尔金、幕阜山等锂矿矿集区的找矿实践中发挥了积极作用。  相似文献   

地幔不均一性与地幔循环的多维表征和原因思考     

郑建平  刘为先  王伟  马强  吴树成  戴宏坤 《地质学报》2024,98(3):662-679

地幔早先经核- 幔- 壳分异形成,后受不同尺度对流和循环的影响,因而具有不均一性特征。近三十年来,地幔化学通过研究大洋玄武岩发现了多样地幔端元和非放射性同位素证据并证明了地幔不均一性,逐渐建全了地幔地球化学体系。然而,地幔不均一性如何对应于时空尺度的地幔循环,以及地球演化如何影响地幔不均一性等,仍不清楚。此外,地球物理研究显示,岩石圈厚度差异、中下地幔的波速异常体以及俯冲板片形态的观测为纵横向对流系统提供了空间不均一性证据支持。联合地球化学和地球物理手段对研究地幔不均一性至关重要,用好透视地幔成分与结构的“双目镜”已成为共识。本文从地幔不均一性结合地球化学场、地球物理的不同表现形式,以及现今及历史时期的洋陆格局的对比,多维度联系地幔循环和演化,思考了超大陆旋回与地幔不均一化的内在逻辑。强调了从全球演化角度看地幔不均一性的重要性和提出多手段联合建立地幔循环驱动模型的展望。  相似文献   

内蒙古地区四季和年降水量趋势分析     

高绍鑫  刘静  常煜 《湖北气象》2022,(4):426-433

利用1970—2019年内蒙古地区110个国家站降水量资料,采用经验正交函数(EOF）分析、重标极差分析(R/S)和非周期循环分析,统计四季和年降水量时间序列的Hurst指数(H)、分维数(D)和非周期循环的平均循环长度,分析降水量变化趋势和记忆周期。结果表明：(1)内蒙古地区年降水量变化呈增多趋势,其中在东部的偏东地区增多最显著,变化趋势具有持续性特征,持续时间为8 a,但在内蒙古西部的偏南地区和东部的局地区域年降水量呈减少趋势;(2)春季、秋季和冬季年降水量的年代变化呈增多趋势,夏季呈减少趋势,特别是冬季在东部的偏北地区的个别区域Hurst指数H=1,呈现完全预测特征,降水量未来趋势为增多趋势且通过95%的显著性检验;(3)四季降水量过去的增量与未来的增量都呈正相关,夏季降水量减少趋势的持续性最弱,冬季降水量增多趋势的持续性最强,春季、夏季、秋季和冬季的记忆长度分别为8 a、8 a、9 a和10 a。  相似文献   

提高矿产资源综合利用效率促进循环经济可持续发展     

郎咸胜 《黑龙江国土资源》2007,(8):42-42

矿产资源是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,但绝大多数矿产资源是不可再生的耗竭性资源。在我省,90％以上的能源、80％以上的工业原料、70％以上的农业生产资料均来自矿产资源,在当前资源紧缺、环境压力增大的情况下,采取切实有效的措施提高矿产资源综合利用效率,对于经济可持续发展是十分重要的。[第一段]  相似文献   

辽宁省海岸带水资源可持续发展模糊迭代分区研究          下载免费PDF全文

王耕  高香玲  高红娟  丁晓静  吴伟 《海洋开发与管理》2009,26(6):80-83

给出一种模糊聚类循环迭代模型以及通过模糊二元对比赋权与迭代赋权相融合的组合赋权方法,采用交叉循环迭代的方法确定聚类中心矩阵,通过判断聚类准则函数获得最终聚类矩阵.该模型兼顾了主观决策与客观决策,使聚类分析具有很大的柔性,最后将模型应用到辽宁省海岸带30个县(市)区的水资源可持续发展分区研究中,按照水资源可持续发展评价的9个指标分为4个类别,结果表明,模型聚类分区结果比较合理.  相似文献   

Low-temperature alteration of oceanic island basalts and their contribution to transition metal circulation of the ocean     

BU Wenrui  SHI Xuef  PENG Jiantang  LIU Jihu  Zhang Mingjie  QI Liang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(2):35-54

The major elements, rare earth elements （REE） and trace elements of four basalt samples from central and western Pacific ferro- manganese crust provinces have been analyzed using chemical methods and ICP - MS, respectively. The results indicate that the samples have been extensively altered and that the contents of their major elements have changed significantly. However, the similarity of REE partition patterns and trace element contents of basalt samples to those of fresh oceanic island basalts （OIB） indicate that the basalt samples originated as OIB. Because of low-temperature alteration, the contents of A1203 , Fe203 , MnO, K20 and P205 increased, while MgO and FeO decreased. Active components, such as magnesium and iron, were leached from OIB resulting in the relative enrichment of SiO2. The leaching of active components can cause the relative enrichment of REE, while the precipitation of LREE-rich ferromanganese oxides in vesicles and fissures not only causes an increase of REE contents, but also induces ＂fractionation＂ of LREE and HREE. Based on the enrichment mechanism of REE contents, the theoretical quantities of precipitated ferromanganese oxides and the depleted quantities of active components are calculated ： the depleted quantities of active components for the unit mass of fresh basalts vary in the range of 0.15 ～ 0. 657, and the precipitated quantities of ferromanganese oxides for the unit mass of fresh basahs vary in the range of 0. 006 ～ 0. 042. Of the major elements, the two most depleted are iron, and magnesium, with 18.28% ～ 70.95% of iron and 44.50% ～ 93.94% of magnesium in the fresh basalts was leached out. Theoretical calculation and geochemistry results both indicate that low-temperature alteration of basalts can supply abundant amount of metals to seawater, and may play an important role in ocean metal circulation.  相似文献   

Natural thermoluminescence of fossil foraminiferals as a potential proxy for deep-sea temperature changes     

LIU Haisheng  FANG Nianqiao  HOU Shengli  CHEN Yexun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(2):30-34

Foraminiferal shells from two piston cores separately located at the Ninetyeast Ridge and the Bengal Fan of the Indian Ocean were selected and purified for measurements of natural thermoluminescence （NTL） intensity by a high precision thermoluminescence meter （RGD-3）. Variations of the NTL intensity along the two core sequences both spanning the last two glacial--interglacial cycles displayed a strong, identical signal of the global ice volume cycles, which matched well with their corresponding oxygen isotope data. As higher NTL intensity occurred within interglacial periods and changes in an NTL signal were most likely influenced by the temperature of ambient seawater in which the planktonic foraminiferal shells long existed, the NTL signal could be considered as a potential proxy for orbital scale temperature changes of bottom seawater in the tropical Indian Ocean.  相似文献   

Wind impact on pollutant transport in a shallow estuary   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

XU Hongzhou  LIN Jing  SHEN Jian  WANG Dongxiao 《海洋学报(英文版)》2008,27(3):147-160

A three-dimensional numerical model, EFDC （ environmental fluid dynamics code） is applied to the Pamlico River Estuary （PRE） in eastern North Carolina of the United States to examine the wind impact on pollutant age distributions and residence time. A series of model experiments representing base case, remote-wind-induced water level set-up and local winds cases are conducted. Model results indicate that the pollutant mean age and the system residence time are functions of gravitational circulation in the PRE. The system responses to remote-wind-induced water level set-up are different in different portions of the PRE. Under such condition, dissolved substances in the upstream portion of the PRE have a younger age and shorter residence time （compared with the base case） , by contrast, they have a older age and longer residence time in the downstream portion of the PRE. Upriver and downriver local winds appear to have opposite impacts on pollutant age distributions. The substances are retained much longer within the PRE under upriver wind than those under downriver wind. The model results also suggest that across - river winds may lead to longer residence time through enhanced turbulence mixing, which slows down the gravitational circulation in the PRE.  相似文献