涠洲岛潮滩表层沉积物中重金属的空间分布及其环境质量评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

唐璐璐  陈志华  印萍  张军强 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(2)

根据2006年4月对涠洲岛潮滩表层沉积物的调查资料,分析了表层沉积物中重金属元素Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As的含量水平及空间分布特征,运用单因子评价法对其环境质量进行了评估,并通过相关性分析、因子分析探讨了几种重金属元素的物源.结果表明:涠洲岛潮滩环境质量状况良好,各元素均未达到污染水平,多数地区存在Cu的玷污,个别地区存在As的玷污;各分析元素较多的累积在人为活动相对频繁的XKZ、W05断面附近区域;Hg、Cu、Zn、Cr显著正相关,以环境背景来源为主,Pb、As较多的受到人为因素的影响.  相似文献   

Impacts of soil fauna on litter decomposition at different succession stages of wetland in Sanjiang Plain, China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Haitao Wu  Xianguo Lu  Ming Jiang  Xiao Bao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(3):258-264

Litter decomposition is the key process in nutrient recycling and energy flow. The present study examined the impacts of soil fauna on decomposition rates and nutrient fluxes at three succession stages of wetland in the Sanjiang Plain, China using different mesh litterbags. The results show that in each succession stage of wetland, soil fauna can obviously increase litter decomposition rates. The average contribution of whole soil fauna to litter mass loss was 35.35%. The more complex the soil fauna group, the more significant the role of soil fauna. The average loss of three types of litter in the 4mm mesh litterbags was 0.3–4.1 times that in 0.058mm ones. The decomposition function of soil fauna to litter mass changed with the wetland succession. The average contribution of soil fauna to litter loss firstly decreased from 34.96% (Carex lasiocapa) to 32.94% (Carex meyeriana), then increased to 38.16% (Calamagrostics angustifolia). The contributions of soil fauna to litter decomposition rates vary according to the litter substrata, soil fauna communities and seasons. Significant effects were respectively found in August and July on C. angustifolia and C. lasiocapa, while in June and August on C. meyeriana. Total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) contents and the C/N and C/P ratios of decaying litter can be influenced by soil fauna. At different wetland succession stages, the effects of soil fauna on nutrient elements also differ greatly, which shows the significant difference of influencing element types and degrees. Soil fauna communities strongly influenced the TC and TP concentrations of C. meyeriana litter, and TP content of C. lasiocapa. Our results indicate that soil fauna have important effects on litter decomposition and this influence will vary with the wetland succession and seasonal variation. Foundation item: Under the auspices of State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2009CB421103), Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40830535/D0101), Knowledge Innovation Programs of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZCX2-YW-BR-16, KSCX2-YW-N-46-06)  相似文献   

Application of matter-element model in soil nutrient evaluation of ecological fragile region     

Jie Tang  Chenye Wang  Nianfeng Lin  Zhaoyang Li  Haiyi Li  Zilong Mao 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2009,19(2):168-176

On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da'an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), available N (AN), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And the ratios of soil samples grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da'an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.  相似文献   

远源细粒辫状河心滩坝演化与河流分叉的交互沉积过程:现代沉积启示与数值模拟分析          下载免费PDF全文

甘泉 《地质科技通报》2021,40(1):14-26

远源细粒辫状河广泛发育于河流的中下游，其形成的致密储层是深入挖潜油气面临的挑战。结合现代远源细粒辫状河演变的遥感记录影像，运用基于泥沙水动力学的沉积过程数值模拟软件Delft3D正演远源细粒辫状河的生长演化过程，并探讨物源供给对远源细粒辫状河形态的影响，深入剖析和解释远源细粒辫状河心滩坝演化与河流分叉的交互作用和沉积过程，并进行了现代沉积验证。研究表明:①河道沿下游方向由窄变宽是触发远源细粒辫状河形成的主要地形条件。河流流速和河岸牢固程度是决定河流宽度的重要因素。②远源细粒辫状河心滩坝演化与河流分叉的交互沉积过程是心滩坝泥沙与河流流水交互作用的沉积演化过程。心滩坝泥沙与河流流水交互作用具体包括泥沙在河流中的沉积作用和河流对泥沙的侵蚀作用。③远源细粒辫状河心滩坝演化与河流分叉的交互沉积过程包括3种:河道内心滩坝加积导致河流分叉、心滩坝与河岸分离导致河流分叉、心滩坝的局部冲裂分解导致河流分叉。该研究丰富了远源细粒辫状河沉积理论，并且有助于分析远源细粒辫状河沉积相的储层空间展布规律并应用于油气的深入勘探开发。   相似文献   

利用水系沉积物高程定量恢复古地貌的技术方法——以鲁西白彦地区白彦砾岩为例          下载免费PDF全文

程光锁  于学峰  杨斌  胡戈  李兆营  周军  刘卫东  罗文强  马祥县 《山东国土资源》2019,35(9)

主要分析了构造抬升对水系和地形的影响和恢复,以从古生代灰岩围岩中大面积但零星出露的岩溶砾岩点为研究对象,对区域古水系和地形地貌恢复和反演做出了新的尝试。在收集资料和实测的基础上,尝试性探讨了利用稳定水体参照物高程反演抬升高度以及邻区山峰点的古高程、古水系,恢复区域上古地形地貌的技术方法。并以白彦地区为例,通过白彦岩溶砾岩的分布、产状、金刚石矿物含量、岩性等地质特征,恢复白彦地区古地形线、古水系位置和流向等古地理地貌,指出在白彦期时代,该区总体发育4个水系,邹城市大石墙水系、枣庄水系、平邑水系、费县水系,水系中金刚石含量较为丰富的砾岩点大多分布在凤凰山隆起中心,其中在平邑水系推测存在一个山地峡谷中的古湖泊。认为蒙山凸起中已知的常马庄地区的金伯利岩脉所含有金刚石可能主要供应平邑区水系,其他3个地区水系的金刚石可能来源于凤凰山及其东部隆起剥蚀地区。  相似文献   

南极放线菌NJ-F2萃取物的抗菌活性初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李江  林学政  沈继红  王能飞  李光友 《海洋科学进展》2009,27(4)

从南极第24次科学考察采集的海泥样品中分离获得放线菌NJ-F2,对NJ-F2发酵液的乙酸乙酯萃取物进行体外抗菌实验,并采用16S rDNA方法对NJ-F2进行系统发育分析.结果表明萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、最低杀菌浓度(MBC)分别为0.25 mg/mL,5.0 mg/mL;而对大肠杆菌和产气杆菌的MIC、MBC分别为0.5 mg/mL,5.0 mg/mL,但对真菌没有抗菌作用;16SrDNA分析结果表明NJ-F2为链霉菌属(Streptomyces sp.).  相似文献   

羧甲基壳聚糖金属配合物的制备及抗O_2~-·活性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐甲坤  毕彩丰  范玉华  张栋梅  何连花  马慧杰 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2009,39(6)

制备了羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCS)的3种金属配合物CMCS-Zn(Ⅱ),CMCS-Ca(Ⅱ)和CMCS-Ce(Ⅲ),通过红外光谱分析对其进行了表征,并对它们对超氧阴离子自由基O_2~-·的抑制作用作了研究.结果表明,在0.004～0.02 g/L浓度范围内,CMCS自身具有一定的O_2~-·抑制作用,且随浓度的增加而增大;CMCS-Ce(Ⅲ),CMCS-Ca(Ⅱ),CMCS-Zn(Ⅱ)_3种金属配合物对O_2~-·的抑制作用较CMCS有了一定提高,且抑制率亦随配合物浓度增加而增大;其中CMCS-Zn(Ⅱ)配合物催化O_2~-·歧化的活性最强,CMCS-Ca(Ⅱ)配合物次之,CMCS-Ce(Ⅲ)配合物最弱,说明配合物对O_2~-·的抑制作用与金属离子的种类有关.  相似文献   

广西百色盆地古近系沉积特征及其古气候意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

袁鹤然  乜贞  刘俊英  王梅 《地质学报》2007,81(12):1692-1697

通过研究广西百色盆地地表斩龙颈剖面、百东河剖面、六吜剖面、那周剖面记录的沉积特征、沉积标志、粘土矿物组合类型及CaCO3指数的古气候信息,再结合ESR测年数据,确定了古近系古新统晚期六吜组一始新统晚期百岗组(63.1～33.7MaBP)地层时间序列,反应该区自晚古新世至始新世晚期气候由半干早、干旱—潮湿(偏凉)—温暖潮湿—潮湿(偏热)—温暖潮湿向偏干转化的6个古气候演变阶段。  相似文献   

陇东新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土地球化学特征及其物源和风化指示意义     

綦琳  乔彦松  刘宗秀  王燕  彭莎莎 《地质力学学报》2021,27(3):475-490

甘肃省平凉市灵台县邵寨镇剖面风尘堆积底界年龄大约为5.23 Ma B.P.,通过对该剖面新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土-古土壤序列的常量元素、 微量元素、Nd同位素的测试,分析其在物源和风化方面的指示意义,发现新近纪红粘土与第四纪黄土具有相似的常量、 微量元素UCC标准化曲线和稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线,指示二者皆来自广阔的...  相似文献   

钛酸镧烧结物中游离氧化镧的测定     

孙嘉彦  胡浩 《岩矿测试》1990,9(2):119-121

本文研究了La(Ⅲ)与甲基百里酚蓝和溴化十六烷基吡啶在pH7.8—11.0的NH_4OH-NH_4Cl介质中生成紫色络合物的显色反应,λ_(max)=628nm,ε=8.1×10~4,La量在0—90μg/25ml范围内遵循比尔定律,烧结物中一些常见的离子不干扰测定。本法用于烧结物中游离氧化镧的测定,结果满意。  相似文献