长江口南支沉积物元素地球化学分区与环境指示意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王国庆  石学法  刘焱光  窦衍光 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(4):408-418

对采自长江口南支的130个表层底质沉积物样品采用X射线荧光光谱法进行了20种常、微量元素的地球化学分析。在此基础上,应用系统聚类法对该区域进行了元素地球化学分区。研究结果表明,研究区主要可以分为两大地球化学分区:Ⅰ区以相对富集SiO2,Sr,Zr元素为典型特征,主要涵盖5 m等深线以浅的长江三角洲前缘区;Ⅱ区以相对富集Al2O3,TFe2O3(全铁),MgO,Pb元素为典型特征,涵盖了前三角洲的广大区域。从地球化学分区的空间分布来分析,这两个分区元素之间的差异反映的是沉积水动力条件与沉积介质物化性质这两个环境要素空间分布的差异性,即在研究区内,表层沉积物元素地球化学空间分布的差异性实质上反映了沉积环境空间分布的差异性。  相似文献   

长江口生源元素的生物地球化学特征与絮凝沉降的关系   总被引：16，自引：6，他引：16  

林以安  唐仁友  李炎  董恒霖  关许为  陈英祖 《海洋学报》1995,17(5):65-72

本文研究了长江口区生源元素C、N、P的生物地球化学作用与悬浮物质絮凝沉降的关系.在不同的环境条件下,微生物和浮游生物的活动及水-颗粒物界面的生物地球化学作用不同,导致C、N、P等生源元素在运移过程中发生形态变化和物相转移,从而改变了颗粒的表面组分、性质及介质成分,影响胶粒分散系的稳定性.夏季出现NO₃-、PO₄3-与logSPM呈正相关,PON、POC、PP的重量百分比分别与logSPM呈负相关.颗粒物从河流向海方向运移过程中在盐度0.1～2.0出现絮凝速度的峰值区和在底层盐度2～11形成巨形网状絮凝团和高浊度区,并且在这两段盐度区间分别均出现C/N的峰值(亦即CEC的低谷区).说明生物地球化学作用是控制长江口区颗粒物絮凝的重要因素和主要机制之一.  相似文献   

救荒野豌豆对污染土壤中Cd的富集特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王军  魏昌华  薛海英  李小华 《地质科技情报》2008,27(1):89-92

研究了Cd单一和Cd、Zn复合污染对救荒野豌豆(Vicia Sativa L)生长及吸收富集重金属元素Cd的影响.以武汉市郊某蔬菜基地的农田土为试验土壤,分别加入5种质量分数的Cd(5,20,50,100,200 mg/kg),Zn的添加质量分数为150 mg/kg,模拟污染土壤进行盆栽试验,每盆移栽生长一致、数量相同的植株幼苗.结果表明:植株根、茎、叶、豆中的w(Cd)随着土壤中w(Cd)的增加而增加,且根＞茎＞叶＞豆.当土壤中的w(Cd)=5 mg/kg时,根部的富集系数达到了17.18.但是,随着w(Cd)的增加,富集系数逐渐减小.在Cd、Zn复合污染的情况下,植物对Cd、Zn的吸收存在着协同效应,尤其是根部对镉的吸收有显著的提高.救荒野豌豆不仅能在高含量的镉污染土壤中正常生长,而且其根部的w(Cd)要远远大于地上部分,说明它是一种镉的排异植物.  相似文献   

长江中下游湖泊沉积物铅污染记录——以洪湖、固城湖和太湖为例   总被引：13，自引：8，他引：5       下载免费PDF全文

姚书春  薛滨  朱育新  夏威岚  李世杰 《第四纪研究》2008,28(4):659-666

2002～2005年在长江中下游的洪湖、固城湖和太湖分别采集了沉积物柱样钻孔,测定了总有机碳（TOC）和金属元素包括Pb,Al,Fe,Ti等,并采用²¹⁰Pb和¹³⁷Cs进行了近代沉积物定年。研究结果表明,洪湖钻孔平均沉积速率为0.15cm/a,固城湖平均沉积速率在0.067cm/a,太湖平均沉积速率为0.35～0.41cm/a。根据湖泊沉积物中铅元素与参考元素（Al,Fe和Ti）浓度和TOC的相关关系建立了回归方程,线性关系极显著（p<0.001）。根据回归方程获取了钻孔中铅的背景值变化,研究表明近代沉积物中金属铅不仅仅来源于自然的作用,而人类活动导致铅的累积发生时间都在20世纪70年代,从一个侧面也说明利用沉积物铅含量变化进行断代存在可能性。对太湖钻孔而言,其污染程度要高于洪湖和固城湖。研究结果表明近30年来洪湖和固城湖人为造成湖泊沉积物铅累积量在不断增加,其沉积物铅污染有进一步加重的趋势,应受到科学家和管理部门的关注。  相似文献   

煤中铂族元素赋存的地质研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王辉  朱炎铭  赵文永 《地质科技情报》2008,27(6)

对煤中铂族元素的质量分数、赋存状态、来源及其异常富集的地质因素等进行了详细的阐述,并提出了今后研究的重点.研究资料表明,煤中不仅普遍含有铂族元素,甚至可以产生异常富集现象;铂族元素常以水溶态、离子交换态、碳酸盐态、有机态、硅铝化合物态、硫化物态等形式赋存于煤中;导致煤中铂族元素异常富集的机理主要有:岩浆热液作用、低温热液作用和同沉积火山灰作用3种.  相似文献   

汞元素的石油地质意义     

李广之  袁子艳  庄原  江浩 《物探与化探》2008,32(2):143-146,185

油气中都含有汞元素组分,汞的物理化学性质决定其可以从油气藏中向上垂向运移,根据采样介质类型及样品预处理的手段不同,地表中汞的分析方法可分为壤气、热释汞及土壤总汞分析方法。壤气汞、热释汞及土壤总汞指标都有着很好的示油气意义,同时也有着示断裂带的地质意义。  相似文献   

黔西北威-赫-纳-织-水地区铅锌(铜)矿带上 重力异常反映的地质信息   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

王亮  乔计花  龙超林 《物探与化探》2008,32(4):374-378

研究黔西北威宁—赫章—纳雍—织金—水城地区,铅锌(铜)矿带上分布的1∶20万区域重力异常特征,及其与地质、构造、岩体、化探等异常的对应规律及其关系,能对该区此类矿产的成矿规律、成矿部位和成矿特点的研究有所帮助,提出下一步找矿方向上的参考建议。  相似文献   

Benthic nutrient fluxes in the intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

GAO Lei    LI Daoji  WANG Yanming  YU Lihua  KONG Dingjiang  LI Mei  LI Yun  and FANG Tao State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology  Tongji University  Shanghai  China State Key Laboratory of Estuarine  Coastal Research  East China Normal University  Shanghai  China 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(1):58-71

In an annual cycle from March 2005 to February 2006, benthic nutrient fluxes were measured monthly in the Dongtan intertidal flat within the Changjiang （Yangtze River） Estuary. Except for NH4^＋, there always showed high fluxes from overlying water into sediment for other four nutrients. Sediments in the high and middle marshes, covered with halophyte and consisting of macrofauna, demonstrated more capabilities of assimilating nutrients from overlying water than the low marsh. Sampling seasons and nutrient concentrations in the overlying water could both exert significant effects on these fluxes. Additionally, according to the model provided by previous study, denitrification rates, that utilizing NO3- transported from overlying water （Dw） in Dongtan sediments, were estimated to be from -16 to 193 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 with an average value of 63 μmol·h^-1·m^-2 （n=18）. These estimated values are still underestimates of the in-situ rates owing to the lack of consideration of DN, i.e., denitrification supported by the local NO3^- production via nitrification.  相似文献   

Distribution Characteristics of Sulfur and the Main Harmful Trace Elements in China’s Coal     

TANG Shuheng  SUN Shenglin  QIN Yong  JIANG Yaof  WANG Wenfeng 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(3):722-730

To promote the rational development and use of clean coal resources in China, data on the regional and age distribution of sulfur, arsenic and other harmful elements in Chinese coal was broadly collected, tested for content, and analyzed. Coal in northwestern China is characterized by low to extremely low levels of sulfur; the coal of the Taiyuan Formation in northern China mainly has high-sulfur content; that of the Shanxi Formation is mainly characterized by low sulfur coal; and the Late Permian coal in southern China has overall higher sulfur content; other regions have low sulfur coal. The average content of harmful trace elements in the bulk of China＇s coal is similar to the corresponding content in the coal of the North America and the rest of the world, whereas the content of various elements （Hg, Sb and Se） is different in magnitude to the corresponding percentage in the crust. The average content of the elements Cr, Se, Co, Be, U, Br in Late Permian coal in S China ranks first in the country whereas the average content of Hg and CI in the coals of Late Carboniferous to Early Permian age in N China are the highest. The average content of Mn in Early and Middle Jurassic coal is higher in NW China. The high content of harmful elements in some coal should cause particular concern both in the development and utilization of coal.  相似文献   

Multifractal Analysis of Element Distribution in Skarn-type Deposits in the Shizishan Orefield, Tongling Area, Anhui Province, China   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Wang Qingfei  Deng Jun  Wan Li  Zhao Jie  Gong Qingjie  Yang Liqiang  Zhou Lei  Zhang Zhijun 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(4):896-905

A series of element concentrations sampled from four drill cores with a length about 1000 m into different skarn-type deposits were selected from the Shizishan orefield, central Tongling, southeastern part of Anhui Province. Using the multifractal method, the distribution and migration characteristics of the major and trace elements are analyzed. The multifractal spectrum of the major elements is left-skewed, whereas the spectrum of the trace elements is right-skewed, which shows that in the process of skarn formation, the trace elements were enriched only locally, and major elements transported within a much larger range. The correlation coefficients of the multifractal parameters Aa （width of the multifractal spectrum） of the four drill cores are relatively low, but the correlation coefficients of the multifractal parameters R （spectrum symmetry parameter） and Af are relatively higher, indicating that although the non-homogeneous intensity of the distribution of elements is inconsistent, their spatial accumulation patterns are almost the same during the ore-forming process. The statistics of the mnltifractal parameters of various elements in the different locations show that the ore-forming processes and element migration pattern in the Shizishan orefield are consistent, and that the migrations of trace elements and major elements exhibit some differences.  相似文献