排海污水中氮、磷及有机污染物处理技术进展          下载免费PDF全文

王美娟 《海洋开发与管理》2009,26(9):30-32

排海污水处理直接关系到近海的污染,而氮、磷及有机污染物是近海的重要污染物。文章综述了几种对氮、磷及有机污染物处理的新工艺技术和各工艺的进展状况并提出应尽快推广应用。  相似文献   

近海N_P营养盐的研究现状与进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

宫少军  叶思源  苏新  王锦 《海洋地质前沿》2009,25(4)

海洋中N、P等营养盐是海洋生态系统中的重要营养元素,是海洋生物生存和繁殖的能量来源.同时,营养盐又具有复杂多变的化学地质作用,使得近海生态环境中营养盐的研究一直是海洋研究的热点之一,对海水营养盐的研究历史几乎与海洋化学发展史同步.由于环境问题的日益突出,营养盐的研究成为目前海洋及相关科学研究项目中的核心内容之一.笔者通过回顾当今国内外近海环境营养盐调查研究的历史和综述当今国内外该学科的研究现状,概括了该学科的主要进展,并指出存在的问题和今后的发展方向.  相似文献   

氮钾配施对生姜产量和砂姜黑土肥力的效应     

李录久  郭熙盛  陈防  高杰军  陈勇  丁楠  张琳 《广东海洋大学学报》2004,24(6):50-56

研究了淮北平原砂姜黑土地区生姜氮钾配施的增产效应和对土壤养分的影响。结果表 明:氮钾配施可以大幅度提高生姜的产量,施钾的增产幅度,柴姜为15.3%～58.4%,平均增产率 为35.8%;狮子头姜产量提高18.2%～46.9%,平均增产28.7%。增施氮钾肥可有效提高土壤有 机质、全N、有效P、速效K、缓效K、有效Ca和有效Mg含量,降低NO3-盐含量,促使土壤pH趋于 中性,对全P和碱解N含量影响较小。土壤N素和P素大量盈余,不施钾时土壤K亏损严重,施钾 处理土壤钾基本上处于盈余状态,有利于维持和提高土壤肥力。  相似文献   

Transformation of Carbon and Nitrogen by Earthworms in the Decomposition Processes of Broad-leaved Litters     

DONG Weihua YIN Xiuqin 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2007,17(2):166-172

Earthworms are the important constituents in the decayed food web and the main ecological conditioners in the process of decomposition and nutrient mineralization. The transformation of organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) in the broad-leaved litters ingested by earthworms was researched by means of a laboratory experiment. Experimental samples were collected from broad-leaved Korea Pine mixed forest in Liangshui National Natural Reserve (47°10′50″N, 128°53′20″E) in the northeastern Xiao Hinggan Mountains of Northeast China. The contents of organic C and total N in earthworms, leaf litters and earthworm faeces were analyzed. Results show that the organic C content was in the fol- lowing order: leaf litters>faeces>earthworms, while total N content was contrary to that of the organic C. The organic C contents in the different leaf litters were in the following order: Tilia amurensis>Betula costata>Acer mono, whereas the total N contents in the different leaf litters were: Betula costata>Tilia amurensis>Acer mono. The contents of organic C and total N in the faeces from the different leaf litters were almost consistent with the contents of the leaf litters. After the leaf litters were ingested by earthworms, the organic C, which was transformed to increase earthworms' weights, ac- counted for 3.90%-13.31% of the total ingestion by earthworms, while that in the earthworm faeces accounted for 6.14%-13.70%. The transformed organic C through the other metabolism (e.g., respiration) of earthworms accounted for 75.04%-89.92%. The ingested organic C by earthworms was mostly used for metabolic activities. The N ingested by earthworms was less than organic C. It is estimated that 37.08% of total N was transformed to increase the earthworm's weight, 19.97% into earthworm faeces and 47.86% for the consumption of the earthworm's activities. The earthworms not only increased the content of organic C and total N in the soil, but also decreased the values of C/N in the soil and leaf litters. Earthworms play a major role in the leaf litters' decomposition and transformation.  相似文献   

基于Hyperion影像的水稻冠层生化参量反演   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

陈君颖  田庆久  亓雪勇  刘晓臣  管仲 《遥感学报》2009,13(6):1114-1129

采用小区实验与大田应用相结合的方法, 依据扬州实验小区地面实测拔节期、抽穗期及灌浆期的水稻叶片、冠层光谱及氮和叶绿素含量, 采用光谱吸收特征和植被指数分析方法, 得到估算水稻氮和叶绿素含量的最佳光谱特征参数; 结合覆盖江苏姜堰地区大田的Hyperion高光谱遥感影像, 建立反演水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量的模型, 对研究区大田水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量进行了反演及制图。结果表明: 经波深中心归一化方法分析, 发现以670nm为中心的光谱吸收特征面积与水稻氮含量呈显著相关性; 基于反转归一化光谱, 结合560nm和670nm两个波段, 建立的植被指数NDVI560_670能很好地反演水稻叶绿素含量。  相似文献   

石家庄地面水回渗地下过程的氮行为影响试验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张云  王秀艳  刘长礼  张明 《地球学报》2007,28(1):43-49

石家庄是我国北方地下水位下降较大的城市之一,利用其毗邻滹沱河宽阔河滩,地面水可直接入渗补给地下水的有利水文地质条件,实施地面水回渗地下工程,将具有现实意义.为探索地面水回渗后的水质变化,该文针对地面水在回渗过程中对水质起限制性影响的氮行为作用进行了模拟试验研究.结果显示,利用2 m厚的滹沱河细砂土及与粘土按一定比例的混合砂土层,可对间歇式实施地面水回渗中的铵氮组分形成一定容量的截留去除,并且该截留量又在随回渗次数的增加而缓慢下降,当采用人工增加环境碱度及湿度的办法后可消除这种下降.同时,还显示对回渗水中硝酸氮的去除率不高,但若采用人工添加乙醇碳源和接种优势脱氮微生物菌种方法,硝酸氮的去除率将会得到较大提高.  相似文献   

Spectroscopic Study of Natural Diamonds in China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

郭九皋  陈丰等 《中国地球化学学报》1990,9(2):161-168

It has become clear in recent years that the important substitutional impurities in diamond are nitrogen,hydrogen and boron(Bibby,D.M.,1982).The physical and chemical properties of diamond are determined by the content and form of occurence of nitrogen based on which diamonds are generally classified.The well-known experiments concerning the mutual transformation of the forms the origin of diamond.by Evans.T.Et al.(1982) have provided a theoretic basis for the origin of diamond.Since 1979,spectroscopic investigation of natural diamonds from different areas in china has been carried out using UV-visible and IR spectrophotometer,EPR and cathodoluminescence techniques.We have conducted the classification of natural cathodoluminescence techniques.We have conducted the classification of natural diamonds in China and studies on the forms of nitrogen and hydrogen,the radiation damage and their geological implications.Spectroscopic characteristics of natural diamonds in china and their geological implications are discussed in this paper.  相似文献   

生物标志物组合与苏北金湖凹陷阜二段（Ef₂）沉积环境研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

包建平  干一女 《沉积学报》1991,9(4):136-142

阜二段生油岩可以分为两类:一类以具有正构完烃的偶碳优势为特征,伴随有强烈的植烷优势,以及高丰度的β-胡萝卜烷、伽玛蜡烷和脱羟基维生素E,显示出强还原条件下半咸水介质的沉积特征;另一类则具有正构烷烃奇碳优势,植烷优势不明显,且β-胡萝卜烷和伽玛蜡烷含量很低,未检测出脱羟基维生素E系列的标志物,属于水体还原程度和(或)含盐度较低条件下的一种产物。  相似文献   

生物标志物组合与苏北金湖凹陷阜二段(Ef_2)沉积环境研究     

包建平  王铁冠  干一女 《沉积学报》1991,(4)

阜二段生油岩可以分为两类:一类以具有正构完烃的偶碳优势为特征,伴随有强烈的植烷优势,以及高丰度的β-胡萝卜烷、伽玛蜡烷和脱羟基维生素E,显示出强还原条件下半咸水介质的沉积特征;另一类则具有正构烷烃奇碳优势,植烷优势不明显,且β-胡萝卜烷和伽玛蜡烷含量很低,未检测出脱羟基维生素E系列的标志物,属于水体还原程度和(或)含盐度较低条件下的一种产物。  相似文献   

澳大利亚东南冈那大陆古生代板内逸脱构造和Lachlan造山带中主要走滑…     

Glen  RA 张元厚 《世界地质》1994,13(1):113-116

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