气温前冷后暖降水分布不均     

热依汗古丽 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2003,26(4):28-29

2003年5～6月,新疆主要天气气候特点是:冷暖交替,前冷后暖。5月份全疆大部地区气温略偏低,而6月份全疆大部地区气温偏高;降水量,时空分布不均匀,5月份北疆分布不均,而南疆大部偏多;6月份,全疆大部地区偏少,降水主要集中在北疆西部以及北疆沿天山一带的部分地区和南疆西部以及哈密地区等地;5月1～6日的低温连阴雨天气过程和局地的暴雨洪水和冰雹、大风等灾害性天气使农业生产遭受一定损失。1500hPa月平均环流形势特征从5月份500hPa月平均环流图看,极涡强中心偏向东半球,并维持稳定,中高纬呈2+4波型,大西洋沿岸到北欧为平均低槽活动区,西西伯…  相似文献   

土壤干湿交替促进硒酸盐的还原作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

林河春  刘广深 《矿物学报》1997,17(1):11-16

采集不同类型的新鲜土壤，经处理获得其风干、烘干的样品，重新潮湿后，加入一定量的Na2SeO4溶液，进行了培育实验（incubationexperiments）。实验结果表明，随着土壤干燥程度的增加，硒酸盐还原作用的速度也随之加快。这进一步证实，作为一种地球化学营力的土壤干湿交替，通过对土壤水势（soilwaterpotential）、微生物群落等的影响，间接地促进了硒酸盐还原作用，因而成为硒生物地球化学循环的驱动力之一。  相似文献   

Seasonal Variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet and Its Association with the Heating Field over East Asia   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

KUANG Xueyuan  ZHANG Yaocun 《大气科学进展》2005,22(6):831-840

The structure and seasonal variation of the East Asian Subtropical Westerly Jet （EAWJ） and associations with heating fields over East Asia are examined by using NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. Obvious differences exist in the westerly jet intensity and location in different regions and seasons due to the ocean-land distribution and seasonal thermal contrast, as well as the dynamic and thermodynamic impacts of the Tibetan Plateau. In winter, the EAWJ center is situated over the western Pacific Ocean and the intensity is reduced gradually from east to west over the East Asian region. In summer, the EAWJ center is located over the north of the Tibetan Plateau and the jet intensity is reduced evidently compared with that in winter. The EAWJ seasonal evolution is characterized by the obvious longitudinal inconsistency of the northward migration and in-phase southward retreat of the EAWJ axis. A good correspondence between the seasonal variations of EAWJ and the meridional differences of air temperature （MDT） in the mid-upper troposphere demonstrates that the MDT is the basic reason for the seasonal variation of EAWJ. Correlation analyses indicate that the Kuroshio Current region to the south of Japan and the Tibetan Plateau are the key areas for the variations of the EAWJ intensities in winter and in summer, respectively. The strong sensible and latent heating in the Kuroshio Current region is closely related to the intensification of EAWJ in winter. In summer, strong sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau corresponds to the EAWJ strengthening and southward shift, while the weak sensible heating in the Tibetan Plateau is consistent with the EAWJ weakening and northward migration.  相似文献   

磷灰石对铀的吸附实验及其对相山矿田铀成矿意义探讨     

王倩  胡宝群  牛建国  宋金如  邱林飞 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):337-338

相山铀矿田是典型的火山岩型热液铀矿田,在矿田内赋存的铀矿物主要有沥青铀矿、钛铀矿、铀钍石等,大量的水云母、磷灰石、赤铁矿、绿泥石、金红石、微晶石英等矿物与铀矿物密切共生。这些共生矿物的共同特征之一为颗粒细小,呈纳米级,非晶质,胶体性质显著。铀矿物大量分布于这些胶态共生矿物的表面和裂隙中（胡宝群,2011;王倩,2016）。可知,吸附作用是导致铀富集沉淀的重要机理之一。本文以磷灰石为例,通过宏观地质特征研究及实验模拟,探讨pH、温度、热液共存组分、时间等物理化学条件对磷灰石吸附铀的制约,进而探讨磷灰石的吸附性能对富大铀矿床形成的意义。  相似文献   

旋挖钻机在特殊工况中的减压钻进研究          下载免费PDF全文

张继光  贾学强  苏陈  贾炜 《探矿工程》2021,48(6):109-112

为解决旋挖钻机在脆性岩层或者软硬交替地层等特殊工况中加压钻进出现的钻机高频高幅振动和钻孔极易倾斜等问题,对旋挖钻机入岩的碎岩机理进行分析,找出加压钻进产生问题的原因。对减压钻进施工工艺进行研究,提出实现方式及适用范围,并进行实际工程应用,验证了旋挖钻机使用减压钻进施工的可行性。应用结果表明,特殊工况下减压钻进对降低设备的入岩振动、提高设备的结构稳定性以及保证成孔质量都具有重要作用。  相似文献   

郑家-王庄地区沙一段粘土矿物特征及对储层敏感性影响   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

张关龙  陈世悦  鄢继华 《矿物学报》2006,26(1):99-106

东营凹陷郑家—王庄地区沙一段砂岩储集层中蕴藏大量稠油油藏,但开发过程中粘土矿物的敏感性严重制约了该油类藏的有效开发。定向X射线衍射分析结果表明,本区沙一段砂岩储层中粘土矿物组成类型为伊/蒙无序间层矿物(S/I)、高岭石、伊利石和绿泥石,其中以伊/蒙无序间层矿物的相对含量居多。这就决定了研究区储层敏感性以水敏性为主,其余敏感性无或较弱。据定向X射线衍射谱图上S/I主峰d值大小,进一步识别出钙型S/I、钠型S/I及钙钠过渡型S/I。扫描电镜观察表明,S/I具有丝状、网状和蜂窝状三种形态,且大都包裹在岩石骨架颗粒的表面作为孔隙衬里而存在。阳离子交换容量和膨胀率研究结果显示,二者与样品中S/I含量和层间阳离子类型相关。膨胀率和阳离子交换量与S/I含量都呈较好的正相关关系。在S/I中蒙皂石层含量相当的情况下,钠型S/I的膨胀率和阳离子交换量值偏大,钙型偏小,钙钠过渡型居中。此外,粘土总量以及S/I产状对储层损害也有较大的影响。  相似文献   

海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴阳离子含量的离子色谱法分析方法   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

葛璐  杨涛  杨競红  蒋少涌 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(4):125-130

分别采用Metrosep A Supp4-250型阴离子柱和Metrosep C 2-150型阳离子柱,以1.8 mmol/L Na2CO3 1.7 mmol/L NaHCO3和4 mmol/L酒石酸 0.75 mmol/L吡啶二羧酸为阴阳离子淋洗液,用离子色谱仪来测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中阴离子Cl-、Br-和SO42-浓度和阳离子Na 、NH4 、K 、Ca2 、Mg2 的浓度。特别是针对高Cl-和高Na 背景下Br-和NH4 的测定做了专门分析,得到了较理想的结果,建立了一套离子色谱法测定海洋沉积物孔隙水中常见的阴阳离子含量的实验方法。  相似文献   

壳聚糖在药物缓释中的研究进展   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

周惠云  陈西广  刘成圣  孟祥红  于乐军 《海洋科学》2006,30(3):85-89

壳聚糖也称甲壳胺或几丁聚糖壳聚糖,是一种天然聚阳离子碱性多糖,其化学名称为(1,4)-2-氨基-2-脱氧-β-D-葡聚糖,是甲壳素脱乙酰基的产物,而甲壳素是虾、蟹等甲壳动物外壳的主要成分,广泛存在于自然界。壳聚糖具有很好的生物相容性和生物可降解性,且其降解产物对人体健康无害,近年来在药物制剂中的应用越来越广泛,作者就壳聚糖在药物缓释、控释中的应用研究进展作一综述。1壳聚糖的药理作用1.1壳聚糖的药理特性壳聚糖及其衍生物是来源于海洋的天然高分子化合物,是天然的动物性食物纤维,是自然界存在的惟一一种碱性多糖,壳聚糖的基本结构单…  相似文献   

Adsorption of Pentachlorophenol onto Oxide and Clay Minerals： Surface Reaction Model and Environmental Implications     

WU Daqing DIAO Guiyi YUAN Peng PENG Jinlian 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(2):192-199

The adsorption of pentachlorophenol （PCP） onto quartz, kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite and iron oxides has been investigated by batch equilibrium techniques. The pH-dependent isotherms are curves with peak values, the position of which is at about pH = 5-6 depending on the mineral species. Based on distribution of both speciation of surface hydroxyls on minerals and PCP in solution a surface reaction model involving surface complexation and surface electrostatic attraction is presented to fit the pH-dependent isotherms, and both reaction constants are calculated. The results show that on quartz and phyllosilicate minerals the predominant adsorption reaction is surface complexation, meanwhile both of surface electrostatic attraction and surface complexation are involved on the iron oxide minerals. The reaction constants of surface electrostatic adsorption are usually one to three orders in magnitude, larger than that of surface complexation. The concentration-dependent isotherms can be well fitted by Langmnir equation with the correlation coefficient R〉0.93 for kaolinite and iron oxides. The maximum adsorption is found in the order： hematite 〉 lepidocrocite 〉 goethite 〉 kaolinite 〉 quartz 〉 montmorillonite ≈ illite, which can be interpreted by consideration of both reaction mechanism and surface hydroxyl density. The significant adsorption of PCP onto mineral surfaces suggests that clay and iron oxide minerals will play an important role as HIOCs are adsorbed in laterite or latertoid soil, which is widespread in South China.  相似文献   

Absorption of Arsenite on Several Iron （Hydro-）Oxides and Impact from Pre-processing Methods     

YE Ying JI Shanshan WU Daidai LI Jun ZHANG Weirui 《《地质学报》英文版》2006,80(2):200-205

The absorption reactions of arsenite on Fe （hydro-）oxides are studied. The three absorbent types are Fe（OH）3 gel and two Fe （hydro-）oxides, in which the Fe（OH）3 gel was dried in a microwave oven under vacuum at 80℃. It is found that pH changes from 9.71 to 10.36 in 6 minutes after the Fe （OH）3 gel was mixed with NaAsO2 solution, as the arsenite replaces the OH- in goethite and Fe（OH）3. At the 40th minute after the start of the reaction, pH decreases, which is most probably because that the monodentate surface complex of absorbed arsenite has changed into mononuclear-bidentate complex and released proton. The decline in pH values indicates not the end of the absorption but a change in the reaction type. Temperature and dissolved gas has little effect on these two types of reactions. The total absorption of arsenite increases after the absorbent is irradiated with ultrasound, which also lead to difficulty in separating the solids from solution. The absorption capacity for arsenite of Fe（OH）3 gel dried in a microwave oven under vacuum is 53.18% and 17.22% respectively better than that of Fe （OH）3 gel and gel dried at 80℃. The possible reasons are that the water molecules in the gel vibrates with high frequency under the effect of microwave irradiation, thereby producing higher porosity and improved surface activity.  相似文献