新疆阿勒泰地区人工增水效果评估     

李健丽  余晔  赵素平 《冰川冻土》2018,40(2):388-394

利用1960-2015年新疆阿勒泰地区7个气象观测站的日降水量资料和中国气象数据共享网提供的2014-2015年中国地面时降水0.1°×0.1°格点数据集,初步评估了阿勒泰地区人工增水效果。结果表明,人工增雪使阿勒泰地区冬季平均降雪量增加了20.80 mm,冬季降雪量占全年降水量的比例也由15.50%提高到22.39%。同一时期年平均降水量增加了39.47 mm,有一半以上来自冬季增雪量。人工增雨使阿勒泰地区夏季平均降雨量增加了16.59 mm,增雨率为4%,夏季增雨不如冬季增雪效果明显。  相似文献   

新疆卡鲁安矿区伟晶岩锆石U-Pb定年、铪同位素组成及其与哈龙花岗岩成因关系研究   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

马占龙  张辉  唐勇  吕正航  张鑫  赵景宇 《地球化学》2015,(1)

利用LA-ICPMS和LA-MC-ICPMS技术,对卡鲁安-阿祖拜伟晶岩田中4条伟晶岩脉以及哈龙岩体中锆石U-Pb定年、铪同位素组成进行了研究。研究显示,卡鲁安矿区805、806、807号脉的形成时代分别为(216.0±2.6)Ma、(223.7±1.8)Ma和(221±15)Ma,属三叠纪岩浆活动的产物。对于库卡拉盖650号脉,锆石U-Pb定年结果显示,它由形成时代为(227.9±2.6)Ma的早期钠长石伟晶岩与形成时代为(211.3±2.4)Ma的晚期锂辉石-钠长石-锂云母伟晶岩2期伟晶岩构成。哈龙岩体形成时代为400.9~403.3 Ma,由于伟晶岩与哈龙岩体之间存在形成时代上的差异(170 Ma以上),预示着它们之间不具成因上的联系。卡鲁安矿区伟晶岩脉中锆石显示较小的正εHf(t)值(+0.65~+2.50)和较大的模式年龄TDM2(1090~1213 Ma),相似于可可托海3号脉、柯鲁木特112号脉中锆石的铪同位素组成,指示伟晶岩由陆-陆碰撞体制伸展背景下的加厚地壳物质减压熔融所形成。  相似文献   

近20年中国阿尔泰山区冰川湖泊对区域气候变化响应的时空特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈晨  郑江华  刘永强  许仲林 《地理研究》2015,34(2):270-284

以1992年、2002年、2013年的Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI遥感影像为基础,人工解译阿尔泰山区三期冰湖边界与类型,叠置获取由SRTM DEM派生的流域、海拔、坡向属性,分析冰湖的时空分布与变化特征,探讨影响该区冰湖演化的因素。研究表明:1目前该区共有冰湖1147片,总面积101.63 km2。近20年冰湖总体数量增多、面积增大。2冰川侵蚀湖与冰碛阻塞湖对气候变化的响应不同。3随着气温升高,冰川侵蚀湖水量盈亏峰值上升至更高海拔,冰碛阻塞湖变化愈不稳定。4西风环流对该区冰湖影响深远,偏西向坡面降水量充足,故偏西向冰川侵蚀湖总体变化量小,而偏西向冰碛阻塞湖则在收入持续大于支出的情况下不断扩张。5相对于中国西部其他高山高原区,该区海拔低,冰湖对气候变化响应十分敏感,各空间单元中冰湖收入与支出水量多少受气温升高与降水减少幅度的影响大。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰山哈纳斯河流域冰川湖泊的分类与沉积类型     

易朝路  崔之久 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(5):477-485

根据１９８９－１９９０年两个夏季对阿尔泰山哈纳斯河流域冰川湖泊的野外调查并结合室内分析，对该流域冰川湖泊及其沉积类型进行了分类，按其成因冰川湖泊可分为：冰蚀湖、冰川阻塞湖，冰碛湖，冰川热融湖、以及复合成因的冰川湖泊，按补给类型，冰川湖泊还可以分为冰水湖和非冰水湖泊；冰川湖泊除了受到一般湖泊所具有的波浪作用，地表径流作用、块体运动、坡面水流作用以外，还存在冻胀作用，冰川作用和热力作用等。主要沉积类型  相似文献   

Quantitative Assessment of the Effects of Climate Change and Human Activities on Grassland NPP in Altay Prefecture     

TIAN Jie  XIONG Junnan  ZHANG Yichi  CHENG Weiming  HE Yuchuan  YE Chongchong  HE Wen 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(6):743-756

Grassland degradation in Altay Prefecture is of considerable concern as it is a threat that hinders the sustainable development of the local economy and the stable operation of the livestock industry. Quantitative assessment of the relative contributions of climate change and human activities, which are considered as the dominant triggers of grassland degradation, to grassland variation is crucial for understanding the grassland degradation mechanism and mitigating the degraded grassland in Altay Prefecture. In this paper, the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach model and the Thornthwaite memorial model were adopted to simulate the actual net primary productivity (NPP_A) and potential net primary productivity (NPP_P) in the Altay Prefecture from 2000 to 2019. Meanwhile, the difference between potential NPP and actual NPP was employed to reflect the effects of human activities (NPP_H) on the grassland. On this basis, we validated the viability of the simulated NPP using the Pearson correlation coefficient, investigated the spatiotemporal variability of grassland productivity, and established comprehensive scenarios to quantitatively assess the relative roles of climate change and human activities on grassland in Altay prefecture. The results indicate three main points. (1) The simulated NPP_A was highly consistent with the MOD17A3 dataset in spatial distribution. (2) Regions with an increased NPP_A accounted for 70.53% of the total grassland, whereas 29.47% of the total grassland area experienced a decrease. At the temporal scale, the NPP_A presented a slightly increasing trend (0.83 g C m^?2 yr^?1) over the study period, while the trends of NPP_P and NPP_H were reduced (?1.31 and ?2.15 g C m^?2 yr^?1). (3) Compared with climate change, human activities played a key role in the process of grassland restoration, as 66.98% of restored grassland resulted from it. In contrast, inter-annual climate change is the primary cause of grassland degradation, as it influenced 55.70% of degraded grassland. These results could shed light on the mechanisms of grassland variation caused by climate change and human activities, and they can be applied to further develop efficient measures to combat desertification in Altay Prefecture.  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal Pattern and Driving Force Analysis of Vegetation Variation in Altay Prefecture based on Google Earth Engine     

HE Yuchuan  XIONG Junnan  CHENG Weiming  YE Chongchong  HE Wen  YONG Zhiwei  TIAN Jie 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2021,12(6):729-742

Quantitative evaluation and driving mechanism analysis of vegetation dynamics are essential for promoting regional sustainable development. In the past 20 years, the ecological environment in Altay Prefecture has changed significantly due to global warming. Meanwhile, with increasing human activities, the spatiotemporal pattern and driving forces of vegetation variation in the area are uncertain and difficult to accurately assess. Hence, we quantified the vegetation growth by using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) on the Google Earth Engine (GEE). Then, the spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation from 2000 to 2019 were analyzed at the pixel scale. Finally, significance threshold segmentation was performed using meteorological data based on the correlation analysis results, and the contributions of climate change and human activities to vegetation variation were quantified. The results demonstrated that the vegetation coverage in Altay Prefecture is mainly concentrated in the north. The vegetation areas representing significant restoration and degradation from 2000 to 2019 accounted for 24.08% and 1.24% of Altay Prefecture, respectively. Moreover, spatial correlation analysis showed that the areas with significant correlations between NDVI and temperature, precipitation and sunlight hours accounted for 3.3%, 6.9% and 20.3% of Altay Prefecture, respectively. In the significant restoration area, 18.94% was dominated by multiple factors, while 3.4% was dominated by human activities, and 1.74% was dominated by climate change. Within the significant degradation area, abnormal degradation and climate change controlled 1.07% and 0.17%, respectively. This study revealed the dynamic changes of vegetation and their driving mechanisms in Altay Prefecture, and can provide scientific support for further research on life community mechanism theory and key remediation technology of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grass in Altay Prefecture.  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰巴特巴克布拉克铁矿床矽卡岩矿物特征及其地质意义   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

杨俊杰  杨富全  柴凤梅  巴合达尔&#;巴勒塔别克 《矿床地质》2016,35(4):758-774

巴特巴克布拉克铁矿床为在新疆阿尔泰新发现的中型铁矿床,赋存于上志留统—下泥盆统康布铁堡组变质火山-沉积岩系中,近矿围岩为石榴子石矽卡岩、角闪斜长变粒岩和浅粒岩,矿体呈似层状、透镜状及不规则状,周围发育大量矽卡岩矿物。文章对矽卡岩矿物进行了研究,电子探针分析结果显示,石榴子石端员组分为钙铁榴石-钙铝榴石系列,辉石端员组分以透辉石-钙铁辉石为主,角闪石端员组分以铁镁钙闪石为主。研究表明,矿区矽卡岩为交代成因矽卡岩。通过矿床地质及矿物成因研究,认为该矽卡岩是由岩浆热液交代火山岩所形成,磁铁矿的富集成矿与矽卡岩的退化蚀变密切相关。  相似文献   

新疆阿尔泰沙依肯布拉克铍矿床地质特征及成因     

张忠利  丁建刚  李强 《地质论评》2016,62(S1):419-420

伟晶岩是粗粒至巨粒的各种类型的脉状体及团块状体,以矿物颗粒粗大为特征,常呈板状、透镜状、串珠状及不规则状分布（路凤香等,2002）,主要可以分为花岗质伟晶岩和非花岗质伟晶岩。其中花岗伟晶岩多发育带状构造,表现为不同岩相带中矿物成分或结构构造的规律性变化,同时花岗伟晶岩也是稀有金属、宝石、非金属等矿产的重要赋矿岩石。新疆阿尔泰造山带发育十万余条伟晶岩脉,可以分为哈龙—青河成矿亚带和加曼哈巴—大喀拉苏成矿亚带,蕴含以可可托海3号脉为代表的大量稀有金属矿床,是我国重要的稀有金属、宝石、工业白云母成矿区（邹天人等,2006;周起凤等,2013）。沙依肯布拉克矿床位于阿尔泰南缘,为近年来新发现的铍矿床,其成因研究对阿尔泰造山带伟晶岩中稀有金属找矿具有重要的理论意义。  相似文献   

中国阿尔泰克孜勒花岗岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵玉梅 《地质与勘探》2016,52(2):271-282

克孜勒花岗岩体位于新疆阿尔泰南缘西伯利亚和哈萨克斯坦-准噶尔板块的结合部位,岩体呈不规则圆形的岩基产出,主要岩石类型为石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、花岗岩、二长花岗岩、黑云母二长花岗岩。黑云母二长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为289.5±4.3Ma,表明岩体形成于早二叠世。岩体具有高硅(SiO_2=70.05%~75.78%)、高碱(K_2O=3.32%~5.70%,Na_2O=3.07%~4.48%)、富铝(Al_2O_3=12.49%~14.04%)和低MgO(0.01%~0.72%)、CaO(0.36%~1.60%)、TiO_2(0.03%~0.45%)、P_2O_5(0.07%~0.15%)特征,A/CNK=1.08~1.20,高FeO_T/MgO比值(平均44.95);富集Rb、Th、K、La、Ce,强烈亏损Ba、Sr、Nb、Ti,铕负异常明显(δEu=0.03~0.36);具有I-A过渡特点的高分异钙碱性花岗岩体。克孜勒花岗岩体可能是区域上"双峰式"岩浆组合中的酸性端元,为典型的后碰撞岩体,是后碰撞拉张背景下幔源岩浆发生底侵作用导致大陆地壳生长过程的产物。  相似文献   

阿尔泰铁木尔特铅锌矿床的碳质流体组合及其地质意义   总被引：10，自引：4，他引：6  

徐九华  单立华  丁汝福  Craig J HART  王琳琳  卫晓锋 《岩石学报》2008,24(9):2094-2104

铁木尔特铅锌矿是阿尔泰克兰盆地内最主要的VMS型矿床。矿床受控于阿巴宫-库尔提断裂,铅锌矿体分布于该断裂NE逆冲盘的下泥盆统康布铁堡组地层绿泥石英片岩、大理岩或层状矽卡岩中。矿体形态多呈透镜状、似层状,并整合产于变质岩系中,发育多含矿化层。金属矿物有方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿等。铁木尔特铅锌矿床晚期发育多金属硫化物石英脉,至少可识别出3个流体包裹体组合（FIA）。FIO为高盐度流体包裹体组合,主要为含子矿物的多相包裹体（L-V-S型）,部分为气液两相包裹体（L-V型）,局限于单个石英颗粒内,包裹体呈无序分布,或呈孤立的单个包裹体分布,包裹体的最终均一温度322—422．5℃。F11为次生的CO2-H2O流体包裹体组合,主要由单相（LCO2）和两相（LCO2-LH2O）的富CO2包裹体组成,呈线性分布,穿透石英颗粒边界,明显属于次生包裹体范畴。FI2为碳质（CO2-CH4）流体包裹体组合,广泛发育,包裹体主要由单相（LCO2、LCO2-CH4或LCO2-N2）、少量两相（LCO2-LH2O）富CO2包裹体组成,大小5μm-20μm,成群定向分布,穿透石英颗粒边界并切断FI1,是晚于FI1的次生包裹体组合,反映晚期较大的构造一流体活动。对FI2的详细研究表明,LCO2型包裹体的TmCO2=-63．3～-57．7℃,ThCO2=-27．5～＋29．7℃;LCO2-CH4型或LCO2-N2型包裹体的TmCO2=-80．5～-5．5℃,LhCO2=-56．0～-25．0℃;LCO2-LH2O型包裹体CO2相的ThCO2=-66．9--0．9℃,ThCO2=-13．3～＋2．3℃,包裹体的最终均一温度Th,total=243．1—361．1℃。铁木尔特次生碳质流体组合,萨热阔布金矿主成矿阶段、赛都-多拉纳含金剪切带中早期透镜状石英脉碳质流体组合,以及阿舍勒等矿床的次生碳质流体组合,都具有相似的流体性质,均为高密度的CO2-CH4-N2流体,其来源与石炭-二叠造山作用主期的区域动力热流变质作用有关。  相似文献