衡山花岗岩体西缘韧性剪切带的特征,成因及岩体定位机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张志强 《湖南地质》1992,11(3):198-202

衡山花岗岩体由南岳岩体(早期)和白石峰岩体(晚期)组成,衡山岩体西缘形成有分带明显的韧性剪切带,向西倾斜,在XZ面上呈倾向滑动剪切运动,矿物显微变形构造显示为倾向简单剪切特征。经测定,韧性剪切带形成时温度下限为343.6℃,古差应力下限为52～62MPa,应变速率下限为2.05×10~(-14)/s-3.13×10~(-14)/s,推算总位移量在13.5km左右。在花岗岩体以外没有韧性剪切变形现象,说明该韧性剪切带是衡山岩体定位过程中由白石峰岩体沿南岳岩体边缘侵位的简单剪切作用所形成。  相似文献   

Environmental history of an urban lake: a palaeolimnological study of Lake Jyväsjärvi, Finland     

Jarmo J. Meriläinen  Juhani Hynynen  Arja Palomäki  Keijo Mäntykoski  Allan Witick 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2003,30(4):387-406

Sedimentary diatom frustules and chironomid remains, in addition to the chemical stratigraphy of 32 elements and organic pollutants such as resin acids, PCB, DDT and its metabolites, were studied from core samples taken from Lake Jyväsjärvi in Central Finland (64° 14 N, 25° 47 E). The sediment profile covered over 200 years, with the oldest samples representing a period of very low human interference. The town of Jyväskylä was established on the lake shore in 1837, and the lake received untreated municipal wastewater from the town up until, 1977. A paper mill started operations in 1872 and began discharging effluent into Lake Jyväsjärvi. In recent years this effluent loading has been reduced. Based on the biological and chemical properties of the sediment strata, five developmental phases were distinguished and named as follows: (1) a pre-industrial phase (approximately up until the 1860s); (2) a phase of early changes in the lake ecosystem (from the 1870s to ca. 1940s); (3) a phase of increasing eutrophication (from ca. 1950 to ca. 1965); (4) a phase of severe pollution (from ca. 1966 to the early-1990s); and (5) a phase of recovery, which proceeded more quickly during the late-1990s following long-term hypolimnetic aeration. It was estimated that the ecological status of the lake changed from good to moderate during the second phase. Due to the poor chemical status of the lake (including increased concentrations of harmful substances) and the pronounced changes in diatom and chironomid communities, the ecological status from 1950 to the early-1990s was classified as bad. The present ecological status, after a slow recovery of about 20 years, can be classified as moderate/poor. Chemical analysis of the sediment revealed that some elements (C, N, P, S, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni and Zn) followed the known history of municipal waste water discharge into the lake, but Hg, Cr and persistent organic pollutants had different stratigraphies, and therefore mainly originated from other sources. Pronounced changes in profundal benthic communities (chironomids) started about 80 years later than those in diatoms, but later changes in chironomid assemblages were greater than those in diatoms.  相似文献   

同仁双朋西金矿浮选尾矿中提铜扩大试验的研究          下载免费PDF全文

龙光明  康永峰 《盐湖研究》2000,8(2):22-28

在小试的工艺基础上 ,对双朋西金矿浮选后的尾矿进行铜、金回收扩大试验。对铜的浸取试验结果表明 ,本工艺对该尾矿具有较高的铜浸取率和回收率  相似文献   

3-D shell analysis of cylindrical underground structures under seismic shear (S) wave action   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

George P. Kouretzis  George D. Bouckovalas  Charis J. Gantes 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2006,26(10):909-921

The 3-D shell theory is employed in order to provide a new perspective to earthquake-induced strains in long cylindrical underground structures, when soil-structure interaction can be ignored. In this way, it is possible to derive analytical expressions for the distribution along the cross-section of axial, hoop and shear strains and also proceed to their consistent superposition in order to obtain the corresponding principal and von Mises strains. The resulting analytical solutions are verified against the results of 3-D dynamic FEM analyses. Seismic design strains are consequently established after optimization of the analytical solutions against the random angles which define the direction of wave propagation relative to the longitudinal structure axis, the direction of particle motion and the location on the structure cross-section. The basic approach is demonstrated herein for harmonic shear (S) waves with plane front, propagating in a homogeneous half-space or in a two layer profile, where soft soil overlays the bedrock.  相似文献   

Experiment Study and Interpretation on Relation between Modulus of Rock and Strain Amplitude     

Bao Xueyang 《中国地震研究》2006,20(2):190-201

INTRODUCTIONThe modulus of rock is one of the basic elastic parameters of the earth’s medium. Under theassumption of linear elastic theory and Poisson medium,other parameters can be calculated fromit .But the real earth mediumis nonlinear elastic and has not a simple linear relationship between stressand strain.This causes relatively big differences betweenthe dynamic andthe static modulus of rock.In nonlinear elastic theory,the Young’s modulusEis replaced bythe nonlinear elastic modul…  相似文献   

Multi-Layer Strain Rate Field Controlled by Netlike Plastic-Flow in the Lithosphere in Central-Eastern Asia     

Wang Sheng-zu 《中国地震研究》2006,20(3):326-338

INTRODUCTIONAccording to the“netlike plastic-flow (NPF)”continental dynamics model ( Wang, 1993a ,1993b; Wang,et al .,2001c) ,the continental lithosphere generally includes 4 tectonic deformationlayers frombottomtotop:the NPFlayer (i .e .thelowerlithosphere ,includingthelithospheric mantleandlower crust) ,the transitional weak layer distributed discontinuously (i .e .the so-called low-velocity/high-conductivitylayer) ,the shear fracturinglayer (i .e .the seismogenic layer inthe upperc…  相似文献   

巴姆地震变形场和应力场：Ⅰ．用差分干涉雷达和Okada方法求解   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

凌勇 曾祺明罗扬  赵永红 《岩石学报》2006,22(9):2367-2374

本文对2003年12月26日伊朗东南部克尔曼省巴姆地区发生的6.6级地震产生的位移场、应变场和应力降分布进行了定量研究。首先从差分干涉雷达(D～InSAR)出发,求解出此次地震的同震干涉条纹和雷达视线方向的位移场,并从雷达干涉的相干图上清楚的观察到了发震断层的痕迹,得出此次地震的发震断层是巴姆断层以西的隐伏断层的结论。然后结合 Harvard 的 CMT(震源机制解)结果、Nakamura 的断层结果(Arg-e-Bam 隐伏断层)以及本文 D-InSAR 求解出的发震断层结果,利用 Okada 程序,计算出此次地震的北、东、垂向三个位移分量,投影得到雷达视线方向的位移,将投影结果与由 D-InSAR得到的位移场比较,看到我们所讨论的断层模式可以很好的解释差分干涉雷达的观测结果,可以合理的解释 Arg-e-Bam 隐伏断层为此次地震的发震破裂断层,通过分析地震的破坏程度分布图,隐伏断层为发震断层的解释可以很好的符合巴姆地震的等震分布图。最后,本文利用 Okada 程序计算得到了此次地震所产生的应变场和应力降场。  相似文献   

基于DEM的遥感数据复原方法研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

胡文英  角媛梅 《国土资源遥感》2007,18(1):41-43

介绍了一种基于数字高程模型（DEM）的遥感数据复原新方法。此方法将地形因子作为最主要的作用因子，不考虑卫星传感过程中的随机影响。首先，根据基础地理数据，按其等高线层生成DEM； 然后，利用DEM，通过实测样点、DEM和经过纠正的遥感数据的信息融合，进行遥感数据中像元样点的坡度、坡向分析，建立DEM与遥感信息的相关关系模型，以数学统计方法描述地形因子对遥感数据的作用机理； 最后，进行逐像元的遥感信息复原(归一化)。结果表明，该方法具有较好的信息复原效果，可消除或减少地形对遥感数据的影响，增强遥感技术在山区复杂地形下的实用性。  相似文献   

基于Monte Carlo方法的由GPS观测计算地应变率的误差分析   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

朱守彪  石耀霖 《地球物理学报》2007,50(3):806-811

在利用GPS观测计算地应变率中，应变率的误差分布在地球动力学研究中非常重要. 为解决这一问题，文中提出基于Monte Carlo技术，利用GPS观测的速度计算地应变率进行误差分析的方法；以青藏高原地区为例，利用带有误差的GPS观测数据进行了大量、独立的应变率重复计算，然后运用统计方法给出了应变率分量及其误差的分布. 结果显示青藏高原的喜马拉雅及中东部地区地应变率的东西向、南北向及剪应变率分量的误差相对较大，但整个青藏高原及附近地区应变率结果稳定可靠；研究结果进一步表明，由GPS观测计算应变率的误差主要决定于GPS观测速度的误差， 在变形小的区域（如中国东部地区），目前GPS的观测精度还不能完全满足地应变率计算的要求.  相似文献   

黔西南地区土壤中镉的地球化学分级和污染修复建议     

刘应忠  胡从亮  袁义生  张美雪  罗明学 《贵州地质》2007,24(3):219-222

本文利用区域化探扫面成果资料,从地球化学角度对黔西南地区土壤进行分级,经研究表明,在黔西南地区地表覆盖物(土壤)中镉的含量超标,造成土壤污染,多为二级和三级土壤地球化学评价标准。局部达到一级土壤地球化学评价标准。  相似文献