蓖麻生长农业气象条件分析及栽培技术初探     

刘海蓉  李凤琴吴明 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2005,28(1):16-17,23

根据对蓖麻发育期的观测，结合当地气象条件，分析了阿克苏种植蓖麻的适应性及栽培中应采取的趋利避害的技术措施。  相似文献   

The Production of Methanol by Flowering Plants and the Global Cycle of Methanol   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

I. E. Galbally  W. Kirstine 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2002,43(3):195-229

Methanol has been recognised as an important constituent of the background atmosphere, but little is known about its overall cycle in the biosphere/atmosphere system. A model is proposed for the production and emission to the atmosphere of methanol by flowering plants based on plant structure and metabolic properties, particularly the demethylation of pectin in the primary cell walls. This model provides a framework to extend seven sets of measurements of methanol emission rates to the global terrestrial biosphere. A global rate of release of methanol from plants to the atmosphere of 100 Tg y^–1 is calculated. A separate model of the global cycle of methanol is constructed involving emissions from plant growth and decay, atmospheric and oceanic chemical production, biomass burning and industrial production. Removal processes occur through hydroxyl radical attack in the atmosphere, in clouds and oceans, and wet and dry deposition. The model successfully reproduces the methanol concentrations in the continental boundary-layer and the free atmosphere, including the inter-hemispheric gradient in the free atmosphere. The model demonstrates a new concept in global biogeochemistry, the coupling of plant cell growth with the global atmospheric concentration of methanol. The model indicates that the ocean provides a storage reservoir capable of holding at least 66 times more methanol than the atmosphere. The ocean surface layer reservoir essentially buffers the atmospheric concentration of methanol, providing a physically based smoothing mechanism with a time constant of the order of one year.  相似文献   

论卡以头组的时代   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

刘陆军  姚兆奇 《地层学杂志》2002,26(3):235-237

中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所的有关人员 (1980 )曾做过大量地层古生物工作 ,证实卡以头砂页岩层或卡以头组的时代为三叠纪最早期 ,是飞仙关组底部地层的相变。“论卡以头组”一文认为该组下部的时代为二叠纪 ,上部则属三叠纪。对该文提供的地层古生物资料进行分析后 ,本文作者认为该论点缺乏证据 ,不能成立 ;将陆相的威宁哲觉剖面代替标准地点宣威羊场的过渡相剖面作为卡以头组的标准剖面 ,也是不合适的  相似文献   

Paleoecology of a Middle Wisconsin Deposit from Southern California     

R. Scott Anderson  Mitchell J. Power  Susan J. Smith  Kathleen Springer  Eric Scott 《Quaternary Research》2002,58(3):310

Analysis of a buried deposit in the Diamond Valley of southern California has revealed well-preserved pollen, wood, and diatom remains. Accelerator mass spectrometry dates of 41,200±2100 and 41,490±1380 ¹⁴C yr B.P. place this deposit in marine isotope stage 3. Diatoms suggest a shallow lacustrine environment. Pollen data suggest that several plant communities were present near the site, with grassland, scrub, chaparral, forest, and riparian communities represented. Comparison with modern pollen suggests similarities with montane forests in the nearby San Bernardino and San Jacinto ranges, indicating vegetation lowering by at least 900 m elevation and temperatures 4°–5°C cooler than today. An increase in high-elevation conifer pollen documents climatic cooling near the profile top. Early-profile diatoms are typical of warm water with high alkalinity and conductivity, whereas later diatoms suggest a higher flow regime and input of cooler water into the system. We suggest that the sequence is part of the cooling phase of an interstadial Dansgaard–Oeschger cycle. Records of the middle Wisconsin period are rare in southern California, but the Diamond Valley site is similar to records from Tulare Lake in the San Joaquin Valley and the ODP Site 893A record from Santa Barbara Basin. It is probable that the Diamond Valley assemblage is a local expression of a vegetation type widespread in the ranges and basins of southwestern California during the middle Wisconsin.  相似文献   

To afforest the desert with the technology of peat composed of rotten mosses and the sustainable development of the oases     

王周琼 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2002,45(Z1)

Only by providing the good conditions for the growth of plants can a favorable ecologicalenvironment on which human beings rely for existence be created. The upside-down-T dou-ble-layer water-conserving afforestation way is developed according to the situation of the short-age of water resources, low soil fertility and vast land in the arid areas. The characteristics of theafforestation way are to change the microenvironment in the root area of the plants, provide thefavorable conditions for the growth of plants, and reduce the necessary conditions for the growth ofplants in large areas in the arid regions. Meanwhile, the size of its water-conserving layer can bechanged according to the size of the planted trees. The different ways of the bottom wa-ter-conserving layer can be used according to the requirements. The afforestation way is suitablefor planting trees on a small scale and also for afforesting on a large scale under the adverse cir-cumstances in the arid areas, and has been effectively used in the afforestation in the hinterland ofTaklamakan Desert and the southern marginal zone of Gurbantonggut Desert. The prospects ofthe afforestation way are broad in afforestation and desertification control in the desert regions.  相似文献   

Water availability for the greening of Kuwait     

Majda Khalil Suleiman  Mahdi Saleh Abdal 《Limnologica》2002,32(4):322-328

Water resources for agricultural development and landscape enhancement in Kuwait are very scarce; the quality is saline (brackish), and the soil texture is sandy, incapable of holding nutrients and moisture. Most of the rainfall in Kuwait either evaporates due to the high temperatures or percolates through the soil. The rainfall is not sufficient to recharge the underground water supply. A variety of alternative water sources have been studied, including seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. Wastewater treatment proved to be convenient due to the relatively low salinity detected in the treated water. Furthermore, the amount of wastewater is expected to increase as more residential areas are connected to the sewage system as the population increases.

The development of a greenery plan for Kuwait requires intensive water management. This goal can be achieved through manpower training in landscape development, selection of plants tolerant to arid environments, usage of appropriate irrigation and drainage systems, promotion of greenery programs within public and the governmental agencies for their direct participation in urban area beautification, and extension of wastewater treatment techniques.  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐区域数字遥测台网各子台背景噪声分析   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6  

刘永廷  夏爱国  赵庆 《内陆地震》2002,16(4):366-371

选取乌鲁木齐区域数字遥测台网中 1 1个子台的背景噪声数字记录 ,计算并分析其背景噪声地动速度均方根值 RMS、有效测量动态范围以及噪声功率谱 ,最后确定出各台址背景噪声相对集中的频段  相似文献   

基于引力模型的城市空间互相关和功率谱分析——引力模型的理论证明、函数推广及应用实例   总被引：53，自引：7，他引：53  

陈彦光  刘继生 《地理研究》2002,21(6):742-752

空间相互作用是先于城市体系而存在的重要概念 ,引力模型是描述空间相互作用的基本函数之一 ,但引力模型的理论基础不明确而且实际应用有局限。本文首先从城市地理系统的广义分形假设出发 ,推导出引力模型的幂函数形式 ,使其从一个经验模型上升为理论模型 ;进而引入时变函数和时滞参数将引力模型推广为更为一般和更加实用的形式 ,为发展城市引力过程的空间互相关分析和功率谱分析方法奠定了理论基础。借助 194 9～ 1998年 5 0年的人口演化数据 ,以北京 -天津的空间相互作用为实例 ,对基于城市引力关系的空间作用进行了相关分析和波谱分析 ,从而提供了城市网络空间相互作用广义引力分析的典型范例。  相似文献   

新疆塔里木河下游植物群落逆向演替分析   总被引：29，自引：10，他引：29  

刘加珍  陈亚宁 《干旱区地理》2002,25(3):231-236

通过对塔里木河中下游沿河植物群落的调查分析及地下水位下降对地表植被生态过程影响的研究，探讨塔里木河下游近几十年来植被的逆向演替过程，并划分出不同的演替阶段。根据草、灌、乔植被对地下水位具有不同的适应能力，塔里木河下游植物群落退化顺序也不相同，首先是草本退化，其次是灌木退化，再者是乔木退化。经调查分析表明，塔里木河下游植物群落的逆向演替顺序为：矫灌草群落阶段→乔灌群落阶段→乔木或灌木少阶段，在逆向演替过程中，各阶段有规律地进行，群落结构特征、种类组成也都发生了明显的变化。  相似文献   

泥石流多发干旱河谷区植被恢复研究   总被引：10，自引：2，他引：10  

沈有信  张彦东  刘文耀 《山地学报》2002,20(2):188-193

云南东北部东川小江流域的干旱河谷土地退化十分严重，土地表层的砾石含量已超过60％，有机质含量、全氮、有效氮、有效磷、有效钾的含量相对于残存燥红土明显下降。草坡是当地的主要植被类型，并未起到防治土地退化的应有作用。以合欢（Leucaena glauca)、马桑（Coriaria sinica)种植为主的恢复方式对土地的恢复有明显的改善作用。高密度的乔木树种合欢的种植使林下的草本物种的数量和组成发生了极大变化，较耐荫的植物占据了林分下层，且物种数量较草坡减少，群落多样性指数降低。三种马桑种植方式下，不但原有的草坡群落的物种仍有大量的生存空间，而且为一些新物种创造了生存环境，从而使物种的种类较原有草坡地增加，提高了群落的多样性指数。合欢种植的生物量最高，对解决当地薪柴严重短缺意义重大，马桑种植在增加灌木层生物量的同时，并未改变草坡的物种组成，还可兼顾解决当地的饲草和放牧，应大力推广。  相似文献