流域社会经济发展对山东省东平湖水环境影响评估及优化调控   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

后希康  高伟  徐鹏  罗永龙  韦亚南  营娜  周丰 《湖泊科学》2014,26(2):313-321

针对我国湖泊生态环境保护及"一湖一策"工作的需要,开展了流域社会经济对东平湖水环境效应评估及联合调控方案研究.在基于"压力状态响应"评估方法、系统动力学模拟和情景分析的基础上,全面评估了东平湖当前水平、未来变化速率和主要瓶颈,确定了流域社会经济系统调控战略的必要性及潜力、方向和底线.结果表明:1)东平湖评估指数从2000年的52.4提升到2010年的61.6,其评估等级从Ⅲ级提升到Ⅱ级,若仅维持现状水平和高速发展速度,未来20年评估指数将很可能呈现缓慢下降趋势,长期处于Ⅲ级,甚至达到Ⅳ级;2)为了确保维持现状等级及稳中小幅度上升的趋势,到2030年,东平湖流域社会经济发展速度控制在过去11年平均增长速度的75%,环境响应措施提升到评估标准的Ⅰ级水平;3)建议东平湖的流域生态系统管理工作应先削减已有的和潜在的污染源排放量,随后以自然恢复为主,使湖泊水质进一步改善.  相似文献   

沂河流域浮游植物与水质评价   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

高远  苏宇祥  亓树财 《湖泊科学》2008,20(4):544-548

通过2006年7月至2007年5月首次对沂河流域水体浮游植物展开的周年调查,结果表明:该流域共有浮游植物门73属181种及变种.以绿藻和硅藻种类最多,其中沂河7门137种、枋河7门134种、东汶河7门75种、蒙河6门67种、湅河6门70种、柳青河7门80种.应用污染指示种、污染指示群落和浮游植物综合指数评价沂河流域水质,综合评价其水质分别为:东汶河、涑河、蒙河、枋河和沂河均为β-中污,柳青河为α-β-中污;水质从优至劣排序为:辣河>东汶河>枋河>沂河>蒙河>柳青河.橡胶坝建设改变了沂河和枋河的水量时空调配,严重降低了其水流速度,导致浮游植物群落从河流相向湖泊相转变;对东汶河、蒙河、辣河、柳青河四条河流影响相对较小.  相似文献   

How pixel size affects a sediment connectivity index in central Belgium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Vincent Cantreul  Charles Bielders  Aleix Calsamiglia  Aurore Degré 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2018,43(4):884-893

Connectivity has become an increasingly used concept in hydrological and sediment research. In order to quantify it, various indices have been proposed since the start of the 21st century including the index of connectivity. This index is based on a limited number of factors, the most important one being topography. Sediment connectivity indices values probably depend on the digital elevation model (DEM) resolution. The aim of this study was, first, to compare the effect of DEM pixel size (between 0.25 and 10 m, using an UAV) in the Belgian loess belt, a lowland area. We show that the index values were lower when the pixel size decreased (a difference of about 20% in value between 0.25 and 10 m). In addition, the impact of linear features in the watershed (e.g. grass strip, bank and road) was lower with the largest pixel sizes, and the connectivity pattern was affected with a pixel size of 5 m or more. At lower pixel sizes (1 m or below), some more disconnected regions appeared. These corresponded with zones where there had been water stagnation during and after rainfalls, and was corroborated by field observations. This confirmed the need for a proper resolution according to the objectives of the study. The second aim of this study was to deduce a minimum pixel size for connectivity study, helping local erosion or sedimentation location and consequent land management decisions. In our context, 1 m stands as the optimum DEM resolution. This pixel size permitted location of all ‘key areas’ in terms of erosion. Very high resolutions (<0.5 m) did not generate much more information, and their calculation time was far greater. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Stream habitat provided by large wood at risk under drainage law     

Patrick D. Shirey  Jillian B. Kenny  Michael A. Brueseke  Gary A. Lamberti 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(5):1318-1324

Watershed management efforts in agriculturally dominated landscapes of North America face nearly two centuries of laws and policies that encouraged habitat destruction. Although streams and wetlands in these landscapes are actively being restored using designs that incorporate science and engineering, watershed drainage laws can constrain action or impact passively restored or naturalized habitat. In general, drainage laws require removal of any riparian vegetation or wood deemed to obstruct flow in streams regulated as drains. We use a case study from Indiana (USA) to introduce the shortcomings of drainage laws for allowing large wood, which is an important habitat feature, to remain in stream ecosystems. Removals of large wood from monitored stream reaches in a regulated drain were associated with subsequent declines in fish biomass. Such legal activities represent an important environmental management problem that exists under drainage laws which apply to streams over a widespread geographic region of North America. Recent litigation in Wisconsin (USA) suggests that if state legislatures fail to update these antiquated laws, the courts may act in favour of science-based management of drains. The statutes and regulations that govern agricultural drainage warrant careful consideration if streams within drainage districts are to be managed to improve ecological function. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

顾及生态安全格局的流域生态保护红线划定及管控研究——以云南杞麓湖流域为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

余珮珩  冯明雪  刘斌  白少云  顾世祥  陈奕云 《湖泊科学》2020,32(1):89-99

生态保护红线划定是保障国土空间生态安全的重要举措,对保持生态系统的完整性,实现可持续发展具有重要意义.本文基于生态系统服务功能和生态敏感性对杞麓湖流域进行生态安全格局体系的构建,并开展精细化的生态保护红线划定研究,并进一步结合无人机航拍影像及实地调研成果,构建管控路径.得到结论:(1)水源涵养、水土保持、生物多样性、洪水调蓄重要性评价中的极重要区域叠加得到生态系统服务功能极重要区.者湾河、长沙河、大沙河及沟谷密度较大的山区敏感性最高,坝区整体生态敏感性较高.(2)一级生态保护红线范围包括生态极重要区域、生态极敏感区域及湖泊岸线、水库.二级生态保护红线范围包括环湖生态缓冲区、山区林地生态缓冲区及以河流为主的生态廊道.三级生态保护红线范围为生态协调区,土地覆盖以农田为主.(3)一级生态保护红线范围内的生态极敏感区应采取相关生态修复技术进行生态功能的保护.二级生态保护红线范围以生态保护为重点,保持该区域的生态环境质量.三级生态保护红线范围通过生态修复进行整体优化,提高生态环境承载能力.  相似文献   

流域生态健康评价理论与方法研究进展   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

李春晖  崔嵬  庞爱萍  郑小康 《地理科学进展》2008,27(1):9-17

对流域进行生态健康评价,将为流域的规划、管理和保护以及流域综合治理提供决策依据。本文回顾了国 内外流域生态健康评价的历史和现状,着重阐述了流域生态系统健康评价的尺度与方法。流域生态系统健康评价 主要有两种方法：一是生物监测法,二是指标体系法。对流域进行生态健康评价,重点在于建立评价指标体系。流域 生态健康评价的指标体系应该包括生物、水质、水文、栖息地、社会经济和人类健康等六方面指标。最后,明确指标 选取的基本原则,并指出了目前流域生态健康评价存在的问题及今后的研究趋势。  相似文献   

基于RegCM3和DLBRM的耦合系统CRCHMS的构建及其在黑河上游的应用          下载免费PDF全文

王勇  张兰慧  李文静  于德才 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2023,17(3):126-133

以高寒山区—黑河流域上游为研究区，确定区域气候模式RegCM3的模拟方案，率定分布式水文模型（DLBRM），并开发了RegCM3和DLBRM模型接口，从而构建了区域气候水文耦合模拟系统CRCHMS。结果表明，以RegCM3作为气象驱动数据的CRCHMS系统模拟性能优于以观测站点作为气象驱动数据的DLBRM模型，对莺落峡径流量的模拟值与实测值的相关系数在校准期和验证期分别为0.47和0.62，均方根误差分别为0.045和0.044 cm/d，相对误差分别为-0.4%和6%，纳什系数在率定期和验证期分别为0.22和0.36。  相似文献