A brief theory and computing of seismic ground rotations for structural analyses     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

The seismic ground rotations are important with respect to spatial structural models, which are sensitive to the wave propagation. The rotational ground motion can lead to significant increasing of structural response, instability and unusual damages of buildings. Currently, the seismic analyses often take into account the rocking and torsion motions separately using artificial accelerograms. We present an exact analytical method, proposed by Nazarov [15] for computing of three rotational accelerograms simultaneously from given translational records. The method is based on spectral representation in the form of Fourier amplitude spectra of seismic waves, corresponding to the given three-component translational accelerogram. The composition, directions and properties of seismic waves are previously determined in the form of a generalized wave model of ground motion. It is supposed that seismic ground motion can be composed by superposition of P, SV, SH- and surface waves. As an example, the dynamic response analysis of 25-story building is presented. Here recorded (low-frequency) and artificial (high-frequency) accelerograms were used; each of them includes three translational and three rotational components. In this structural analysis, we have clarified primarily conditions under which rotational ground motion should be taken into account. Next, we have calculated three rotational components of seismic ground motion. Then they were taken as additional seismic loads components for further seismic analysis of the building. Note, soil–structure interaction (SSI) is not considered in this study. For computing, we use the special software for structural analyses and accelerogram processing (FEA Software STARK ES and Odyssey software, Eurosoft Co., Russia). It was developed and is used in engineering practice in the Central Research Institute of Building Constructions (TsNIISK, Moscow, Russia).  相似文献   

中国东部海区岩石层结构的区域综合地球物理研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

吴健生  王家林  陈冰  张新兵 《地球物理学报》2014,57(12):3884-3895

结合新一轮编图工作的开展,中国东部海区重、磁平面图件在拼入新资料同时,也包含了邻区朝鲜半岛,台湾岛,日本海,菲律宾海等地区的资料.本文在此基础上综合分析研究区重、磁异常特征,利用重、磁资料反演莫霍面、居里面,进而求取了热岩石层底界面,对重、磁数据进行了突出断裂带信息的处理,确定了13条重要断裂带的展布,将研究区划分为8个块体和4个结合带,它们具有"东西成带、南北分块"的特征,是"2条锋线"作用的产物.研究表明,江—绍断裂带向东延伸进入海区,虽然受东海陆架西缘断裂带的切割,但仍继续往东延伸,可能延至朝鲜半岛南端与济州岛南缘断裂带相接;在朝鲜半岛西缘地球物理场存在NNW—NW的明显界线,可解释为断裂带,称之黄海东缘断裂带,中国大陆东部的五莲—青岛断裂带与黄海东缘断裂带和济州岛南缘断裂带共同构成中朝和扬子块体的边界.  相似文献   

基于择优的块体模型解算南北地震带中南段主要断层滑动速率     

闫伟 《中国地震研究》2014,28(1):62-72

In this paper, using the 1999 ~ 2007 GPS velocity field data, and by choosing the optimal block model, we obtained the deformation models applicable to the boundary zones of major blocks and the slip rates of block boundary faults on the mid-southern segment of the North-South Seismic Belt. The results show that： on the Longmenshan fault zone, the tensional and compressive slip rate is small on the Baoxing-Wenchuan segment, about 0. 5 ~ 1.8mm·a^-1, and the rate is relatively significant on the segment of the Wenchuan--Maoxian, as 1.8 ~3.8mm·a^-1; on the Xianshuihe fault belt, there is a certain difference in spatial distribution between the tensional slip rag.e and strike-slip rate： the tensional slip rate （ 8. lmm~a-1） is bigger than the sinistral strike-slip rate （ 4.8mm·a^-1） at the north of the Luhuo region; the tension and compression slip rate is basically the same as the strike-slip rate at Luhuo-Dawu; the Dawu-Kangding section presents a trend of decreased strike-slip rate and increased tensional slip rate; the Kangding-ghimian segment shows a strike-slip nature; the strike-slip rate is significantly greater than the tension/compression rate on the Xiaojiang fault zone; the slip rate on the Red River fault zone shows obvious spatial segmentation, the slip rate is smaller in its northwest part, but with a certain amount of tensional/compression component, 4. 7mm·a^-1 on the Jingdong segment. The segment east of Jingdong （ western Gejiu） is mainly of strike-slip, with a slip rate of 4. 5mm·a^-1.  相似文献   

空间大地测量GPS揭示的汾渭盆地及其邻域现今地壳应变场变化特征          下载免费PDF全文

瞿伟  王运生  张勤  王庆良  薛康 《地球物理学报》2016,59(3):828-839

利用汾渭盆地及其邻域2001—2007年与2009—2011年高精度GPS监测资料,基于区域构造特点,采用块体运动应变模型结合数理统计假设检验法,建立了区域合理的地壳运动应变模型,基于此定量研究了区域现今地壳应变场及其变化特征,特别是2008年汶川强震对汾渭盆地区域变形特征的作用影响,同时从盆地整体上分析了盆地内多发的地裂缝灾害与区域整体构造变形特征之间的内在关系.研究结果表明:经统计检验判断,选择合理的区域地壳运动应变模型,对获取真实反映区域实际构造变形特性的应变参数具有重要的作用;2008年汶川强震对青藏东边缘地块及渭河盆地西侧局部地区应变场造成一定的影响,但是震后上述区域并没有出现显著的应变积累而是呈现出应变量值较震前减小的特征,分析其原因可能是因为此区域并不是强震造成的库仑应力显著增加区,在震后2009—2011年时间段内处于构造应力场的松弛调整期;汶川强震没有显著改变研究域现今整体的构造变形背景特征,区域地壳构造活动特征仍具有较好的继承性;基于研究域构造块体具有各向同性连续弹性变形的前提,初步推断整个汾渭盆地内多发的地裂缝灾害可能是区域NW—SE向拉张应力场作用下的地表破裂响应.  相似文献   

2009年新疆柯坪块体3次5级地震前异常分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘振生  刘辉  冯雪玲  徐向宏 《地震地磁观测与研究》2010,31(5):17-24

研究2009年柯坪块体3次5级地震前的地震活动和前兆观测结果表明:3次5级地震前,柯坪块体存在5级地震平静的长期异常,4级地震多次平静、增强交替活动的中期异常,小震集中活动的短期异常;地震发生的短临阶段,震中附近的阿合奇地震台地倾斜、乌什地震台水管倾斜仪及地磁、地电和巴楚地应力存在不同程度的短临异常。参考汶川地震,有关专家对地震预报和震前异常的新思考和新认识,结合3次5级地震的类型和错断方式,分析震前小震活动和前兆异常,并对震前地震活动和前兆异常进行了综合分析和探讨。  相似文献   

The 2014 Northern Thailand Mw 6.1 Earthquake and its Seismogenic Tectonics     

CHANG Zufeng  DONG Pin-liang  YUAN Renmao  HOU Jianjun  HE Zhongtai  LI Jianlin  CHANG Hao 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(2):648-660

On May 5, 2014, an earthquake with a magnitude of Mw 6.1 (the largest earthquake in Thailand so far) occurred in Chiang Rai of the Golden Triangle area in northern Thailand. We had an opportunity to conduct field survey immediately after the earthquake. Serious damage to buildings and casualties of lives were observed, and the estimated Maximum Mercalli Intensity (MMI) of the earthquake is VIII (evaluated according to the MMI scale of the Chinese Standard). No long continuous ground ruptures were produced during the earthquake,??but in the epicenter (commonly within MMI VIII extent), massive small linear ruptures (usually several tens of meters long) developed and displayed intriguing structural features, offsetting many roads several centimeters left laterally on NE trending cracks or offsetting right laterally on NW trending ones. The focal mechanism solution of earthquake shows that this is a pure strike-slip event, and two nodal planes in NW and NE directions had the same motion senses respectively as those of breakage associated with the earthquake. The long axis of the isoseismals and aftershock distributions are in NE direction,which is consistent with the strike of Luang Namtha fault. The 230-km-long Luang Namtha fault which starts from the border of China and Laos, runs through northern Laos, and terminates at Chiang Rai of Thailand is predominated by left-lateral strike-slip and active in late Quaternary, and two earthquakes over Ms 6.0 occurred along the fault in 1925 and 2007 respectively. This Mw 6.1 earthquake occurred at the southwestern end of the fault. All related features such as evident structural rupturing, elongated orientation of MMI and aftershock distribution,as well as the location of the epicenter,suggest that the Luang Namtha fault may be responsible for the 2014 Northern Thailand earthquake.  相似文献   

1986年门源地震(M_S 6.4)过程地形变演化特征及块体模型解析          下载免费PDF全文

陈兵  江在森  张四新  张晓亮  薛富平 《地震工程学报》2003,25(3):240-245

分析了1986年门源6．4级地震震源周边地区不同尺度跨断层形变在地震过程中的演化特征,依据非连续变形数值分析方法(DDA)模拟了震源破裂过程引起的地表垂直位移速率变化．分析表明,地表跨越断层的剖面形变变化是垂直和水平栽荷共同作用的结果,而垂直力源的影响可能是引起本次地震形变变化的主要因素．这与地质构造分析和震源机制结果是吻合的．  相似文献   

Magnetic stratigraphy and tectonic rotation of the middle Eocene Coaledo Formation, southwestern Oregon     

D. R. Prothero  L. L. Donohoo 《Geophysical Journal International》2001,145(1):223-232

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Long-lived Paleotethyan pelagic remnant inside Shan-Thai Block: Evidence from radiolarian biostratigraphy     

Chongpan Chonglakmani  Dietrich Helmcke  Rucha Ingavat-Helmcke 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2004,47(12):1113-1119

The Shan-Thai Block, regarded traditionally as awhole geotectonic unit by the geologists engaged inthe study of geotectonic evolution of Southeast Asia, issituated to the west of the Ailaoshan and Nan-UttaraditSutures and to the east of the Shan Boundary Faults,and covers southwestern Yunnan, eastern Myanmar,most of Thailand, northwestern Laos, western Malay-sia, and Sumatra[1,2] (fig. 1). However, recent researchshows that it consists of two continental terranes fromGondwana and Cathay…  相似文献   

The P–T–deformation path for a mid-Proterozoic, low-pressure terrane: the Reynolds Range, central Australia     

P. H. G. M. DIRKS  M. HAND  R. POWELL 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1991,9(5):641-661

Abstract The Proterozoic low-pressure, high-temperature (LPHT) terrane of the Reynolds Range occurs in a 130-km-long, NW-trending belt in the central part of the Arunta Block, central Australia. The Reynolds Range has been affected by two mid-Proterozoic tectonic cycles, DI and DII, associated with two metamorphic events, MI and MII. DI–MI effects are restricted to the older of two sedimentary successions, the Lander Rock beds, which are separated from the younger Reynolds Range Group by an angular unconformity. The dominant structural–metamorphic features formed during DII–MII affected both sedimentary successions and the various granites that intruded them, and reworked most DI–MI effects. The DII deformation history can be subdivided into one prograde, two peak, and one retrograde stage. Average P–T calculations in the southeastern half of the range indicate a peak-metamorphic pressure of 4.1 ± 0.3 kbar. Because the calculated values are derived from the same stratigraphic level corresponding to the base of the Reynolds Range Group, which is exposed throughout the area, it is likely that pressures were similar in the entire range. In fact, however, the peak-metamorphic temperature shows a dramatic increase from greenschist facies (c. 400° C) in the northwest to granulite facies (740 ± 60° C) in the southeast, indicating that MII was associated with anomalously high heat flows. The P–T path is anticlockwise, with isobaric cooling from the metamorphic peak indicated by corona textures. However, the evidence of a prograde increase in pressure is indirect and based on the compressional nature of the structures. Peak-metamorphic mineral assemblages and retrograde mineral assemblages in amphibolite facies shear zones show the same metamorphic zonation, suggesting they formed in response to the same thermal event. If this is true, the implication is that a thermal perturbation external to the crust was maintained for a considerable period of time (110 Ma, based on zircon dating). As it is not clear whether Proterozoic, asthenosphere-active, thermal perturbations operated for this long, the alternative interpretation must be considered, namely that the peak-metamorphic events are separate from the shear zone event associated with reheating of the area.  相似文献