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造山带中残存有许多前寒武纪地质体,其中一些被当作前寒武纪基底用于探讨所在微陆块的大地构造属性。由于微陆块属性对于造山带结构和演化具有重要意义,以及所讨论的前寒武纪地质体蕴含地球早期历史演化信息,对微陆块属性的厘定成为造山带研究的重点和难点问题之一。笔者等以中亚造山带南缘中段的微陆块为例,总结梳理了微陆块厘定的相关依据：岩石组合和变质变形特征,碎屑锆石谱峰显示的源区时代特征,地质事件序列,前寒武纪地壳演化信息,继承锆石、捕获锆石和古生代侵入体同位素显示的深源地壳信息,以及地球物理等方面的特征。由于不同学者采用的厘定依据不同,对微陆块属性认识争论不断,即使相同依据也有一定的差异,从而影响对造山带结构和演化的认识。基于以上原因,笔者等认为前寒武纪基底的亲缘性探讨不仅要注重岩石组合和形成时代,还要在精细野外解剖和高精度年代学工作基础上,注意其变质—变形特征、接触关系、源区时代特征、岩石成因和构造环境、地壳增生信息和深源地壳信息等的综合对比分析,以得到较全面依据,探讨其构造属性。当获得一组前寒武纪地质体信息时,可先进行同构造单元内对比,再与其他构造单元对比。当特征相异时则需进行构造单元拆分或考虑构造就位的可能（包括但不限于推覆体、走滑外来体、俯冲刮削的构造岩片）;当特征相似时,可能指示了相同微陆块的裂解或破坏或者不同的微陆块共同经历了相似的前寒武纪演化历程。 相似文献
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内蒙东部晚古生代构造格局:来自中、晚二叠-早三叠世砂岩碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的证据 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
内蒙东部的克旗-林西-阿鲁科尔沁-扎鲁特-索伦-蘑菇气地区位于华北板块与西伯利亚板块所夹持的中亚造山带东段,西拉木伦缝合带与贺根山-黑河缝合带之间,是古亚洲洋晚古生代残余海盆最后消失的地区,保存了上述两缝合带构造演化过程的相关信息。本文针对中、晚二叠-早三叠世砂岩开展碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究。测试的上二叠统林西组与下三叠统陶海营子组、老龙头组砂岩均具有成分成熟度低,近源快速沉积的特点,碎屑骨架成分显示多为火山岩区物源供给。锆石CL图和Th/U值也指示了绝大多数锆石为岩浆成因锆石。结合前人研究成果,区域内已获得的2533粒碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄主要分为3组:约230~570Ma(峰值年龄为270~315Ma、430Ma和500Ma)、700~1100Ma(峰值970Ma)及1500Ma(峰值1800Ma和2500Ma)。较古老的峰值年龄1800Ma和2500Ma,暗示了华北克拉通基底的物源信息。其余两组年龄则与西拉木伦缝合带北侧的额尔古纳-兴安-锡林浩特地块内部岩浆事件的时间相吻合。对比分析内蒙东部不同区域(克旗-林西地区、阿鲁科尔沁-扎鲁特地区和索伦-蘑菇气地区)、不同时代(中、晚二叠世-早三叠世)沉积物碎屑组分变化趋势,推测古亚洲洋最终沿西拉木伦缝合带自西向东呈"剪刀"式闭合,时间持续至早三叠世。此外,索伦-蘑菇气地区中、晚二叠-早三叠世相对稳定的物源供给,证实了额尔古纳-兴安地块与松辽-锡林浩特地块至少在中二叠世沉积以前就已经沿贺根山-黑河缝合带完成拼贴,应为前人提出的早石炭世末。 相似文献
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内蒙古东乌旗宾巴勒查干分布有大面积三叠纪花岗岩,是研究中亚造山带中东部早中生代构造演化的有利地区。在区域地质调查的基础上,利用同位素年代学在该区识别出三叠纪两期侵入岩:中三叠世二长花岗岩类(238~230 Ma)和晚三叠世正长花岗岩类(223~215 Ma)。采用矿物化学、岩石地球化学等方法对两类侵入岩进行了研究:前者中黑云母为镁质黑云母,岩石以高硅、富钾、过铝、钙碱性为特征,稀土元素中轻稀土相对富集、具明显的负Eu异常,微量元素以相对富集大离子亲石元素、具明显的Ba负异常为特征,地球化学特征介于I型和A型花岗岩之间;后者中黑云母由镁质黑云母向铁质黑云母转变,岩石以高硅、富碱、富钾、弱过铝为特征,稀土、微量元素特征与前者相似,但稀土总量相对较低,Eu、Ba的负异常程度更大,属A型花岗岩。二者可能源于年轻幔源组分形成下地壳的部分熔融。结合区域资料分析,研究区三叠纪侵入岩形成于古亚洲洋闭合背景下,中三叠世时可能处于后造山伸展背景,晚三叠世可能为板内构造背景。 相似文献
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中亚造山带属于地球上最大的增生型造山带其中之一,中亚造山带东部正是我国东北地区,而该地区的地壳增长时间与地壳增长机制仍然有待于进一步深入的研究。本研究选取中亚造山带东部后倒木地区的花岗质岩石为研究对象,进行岩石学、岩石地球化学、同位素年代学等研究结合前人的研究成果,探讨其成因岩石学、构造背景以及对地壳增生的指示意义。通过同位素测年研究,发现后倒木地区的花岗岩类岩石就位于175～171Ma;全岩地球化学结果显示SiO_2含量为66.58%-76.73%,Al_2O_3含量为12.21%～16.03% MgO含量介于0.09%～2.07%之间,显示出高钾钙碱性特征;后倒木地区花岗岩类岩石富集大离子亲石元素,同时亏损高场强元素;Sr-Nd-Hf同位素显示:I_(Sr)值介于0.7063～0.7077之间,ε_(Nd)(t)值介于+2.38～+3.95之间具年轻的t_(DM2)年龄(639～768Ma),岩浆锆石ε_(Hf)(t)值介于+4.1～+9.0之间,同样具有年轻的二阶段模式年龄t_(DM2)(554～806Ma),揭示岩石重熔的下地壳物质可能是花岗岩类岩石的源区。综合研究表明,古太平洋板块俯冲导致区域下地壳熔融形成该类花岗质岩石,而模式年龄揭示新元古代为中亚造山带重要的地壳生长期。 相似文献
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New and published paleomagnetic measurements from Trans Altai and South Gobi zones in south Mongolia document large tectonic motions in between Late Carboniferous and Triassic. Magnetic inclinations confirm equatorial position of south Mongolian terranes in Late Carboniferous–Permian times. The evolution of magnetic declinations indicates 90° anticlockwise rotation in between latest Carboniferous and Early Triassic of all studied tectonic units around the Eulerian pole located close to axis of Mongolian orocline. The anticlockwise rotation continues in Triassic being accompanied by a major drift to the north. The structural and published geochronological data suggest Carboniferous E–W shortening of the whole region resulting in N–S trend of all continental and oceanic geological units followed by orthogonal N–S shortening during Late Permian to Early Jurassic. Both paleomagnetic and geological data converge in a tectonic model of oroclinal bending of Mongolian ribbon continent, westerly back arc oceanic domain and Mongol–Okhotsk subduction zone to the east. The oroclinal bending model is consistent with the coincidence of the Eulerian pole of rotation with the structural axis of Mongolian orocline. In addition, the Mesozoic collisional tectonics is reflected by late remagnetizations due to formation of wide deformation fronts and hydrothermal activity. 相似文献
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内蒙古阿拉善盟北部宗乃山中酸性侵入岩年代学、地球化学及构造意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年结果表明,阿拉善盟北部宗乃山岩基包括中二叠世钾长花岗岩(272±1 Ma)和早三叠世闪长岩(249±1 Ma)、花岗闪长岩(247±1 Ma)。中二叠世钾长花岗属于准铝质和钾玄质系列,为高分异I型花岗岩。早三叠世闪长岩属钙碱性系列,而花岗闪长岩为弱过铝质,钙碱性系列,属于I型花岗岩。宗乃山地区这些中酸性侵入岩都显示出轻稀土元素相对富集和重稀土元素相对亏损的特征,并且具有微弱-中等的Eu负异常。在原始地幔标准化图解中,都相对富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba和Sr等),亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nb、P和Ti等)。宗乃山地区侵入岩的锆石绝大部分具有正的εHf(t)值(+0.3~+11.6)和相对年轻的地壳模式年龄(tCDM=1 275~533Ma),表明源区主要为新生地壳物质。这些特征与同一构造带上沙拉扎山地区的侵入岩十分类似,而明显不同于具有古老基底的阿拉善地块内发育的侵入岩,因此宗乃山-沙拉扎山构造带具有亲中亚造山带的特征,中亚造山带与阿拉善地块的界线应位于宗乃山-沙拉扎山构造带以南。 相似文献
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The Devonian–Carboniferous Tsetserleg terrane of Mongolia forms part of the complex Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The Tsetserleg terrane consists mainly of clastic sediments, and is situated in the southern Hangay–Hentey Basin. Internally the terrane is divided into the Erdenetsogt (Middle Devonian), Tsetserleg (Middle‐Upper Devonian) and Jargalant (Lower Carboniferous) Formations. Provenance and tectonic setting of the Hangay–Hentey Basin remains controversial, with proposals ranging from passive margin through to island‐arc. A suite of 94 Tsetserleg sandstones and mudrocks was collected with the aim of constraining provenance, source weathering, and depositional setting, using established petrographic and whole‐rock geochemical parameters. Petrographically the sandstones are immature, with average compositions of Q22F14L64, Q14F17L69, and Q18F12L70 in the Erdenetsogt, Tsetserleg, and Jargalant Formations, respectively. Lv/L ratios range from 0.81 to 1.00 (average 0.95), and P/F from 0.68 to 0.93 (average 0.83). Framework compositions indicate deposition in an undissected or transitional arc. Geochemically, the sandstones are classified as greywackes. Geochemical contrasts between sandstone and mudrock averages in each formation are small, with lithotype means for SiO2 ranging only from 65.54 to 68.62 wt.%. These features and weak trends on variation diagrams reflect the immaturity of the sediments. Comparison of elemental abundances with average upper continental crust, major element discriminant scores, and immobile element ratios indicate a uniform average source composition between dacite and rhyolite. The maximum value for the Chemical Index of Alteration in the Erdenetsogt Formation is about 78 after correction for K‐metasomatism, indicating moderate source weathering. Lower maximum values (61 and 63, respectively) in the Tsetserleg and Jargalant Formations indicate they were derived from a virtually unweathered and tectonically active source. Tectonic setting discrimination parameters indicate a continental island‐arc environment, similar to several other CAOB suites of similar age. This arc source may have been built on a continental fragment situated within the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean during Middle Devonian‐Lower Carboniferous time. 相似文献
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Voluminous granitoids are widely distributed in the Langshan region, northeast of the Alxa block, and record the evolutionary processes of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Dabashan pluton was emplaced into the Paleoproterozoic Diebusige complex. Early Carboniferous zircon LA-ICP MS U-Pb ages were from 327 Ma to 346 Ma. The Dabashan pluton can be classified as monzogranite and syenogranite, and exhibits high K2O contents and K2O/Na2O ratios, which reveal a high-K calc-alkaline nature. The samples display strongly fractionated REE patterns, and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) relative to high field strength elements (HFSE). The Dabashan plutons display unusually high Ba (823–2817 ppm) and Sr (166–520 ppm) contents and K/Rb ratios (315–627), but low Rb/Ba ratios (0.02–0.14), and exhibit fertile zircon Hf isotopic compositions [εHf(t)=?14 to ?20], which are comparable to those of typical high Ba–Sr granitoids. Based on the geochemical compositions of the samples, we suggest that subducted sediments and ancient crustal materials both played important roles in their generation. Basaltic melts were derived from partial melting of subcontinental lithophile mantle metasomatized by subducted sediment-related melts with residual garnet in the source, which caused partial melting of ancient lower crust. Magmas derived from underplating ascended and emplaced in the middle–upper crust at different depths. The resultant magmas experienced some degree of fractional crystallization during their ascent. Given these geochemical characteristics, together with regional tectonic, magmatic, and structure analysis data, an active continental margin environment is proposed for the generation of these rocks. 相似文献