不同压实度下红层泥岩路堤沉降研究     

刘俊新  谢强  白明志  邱恩喜 《工程地质学报》2006,14(5):683-688

压实系数是控制路堤填筑的关键性指标。本文通过分析不同压实系数下的强度特点以及通过离心试验和有限元对不同压实系数路堤沉降的模拟,得到粘聚力c值和摩擦角与不同压实系数的关系以及不同压实系数下路堤沉降的特点,为路堤填筑提供了重要的依据。  相似文献   

春晓气田泥岩垮塌测井数据校正及应用     

谢月芳  陈敏 《海洋地质译丛》2009,(4):73-76

由于存在部分泥岩井眼垮塌,东海春晓气田测井曲线砂泥岩阻抗部分叠置。针对这一现象,采用未垮塌段泥岩伽马与密度拟合关系校正垮塌段泥岩密度,声波时差经本区伽德那公式拟合后求取。通过泥岩垮塌测井数据校正前后对比、直方交会、岩石物理、正演及反演效果分析,认为校正后的测井数据比较真实地反映垮塌段扩径泥岩地层特征,储层与围岩波阻抗差异明显,为储层反演、砂体空间展布分析提供了有力依据。  相似文献   

Microbial remains in some earliest Earth rocks: Comparison with a potential modern analogue   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Miryam Glikson  Lawrence J. Duck  Suzanne D. Golding  Axel Hofmann  Robert Bolhar  Robyn Webb  Justice C.F. Baiano  Lindsay I. Sly 《Precambrian Research》2008,164(3-4):187-200

Carbonaceous matter (CM) from ca. 3.5 Ga hydrothermal black cherts of the Pilbara Craton of Western Australia and the Barberton Greenstone Belt of South Africa yielded transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images that are suggestive of microbial remains and possible remnants of microbial cell walls. These are compared to a potential modern analogue, the hyperthermophilic Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, derived from an active seafloor hydrothermal environment and cultured under similar conditions. A striking resemblance to the early Archaean forms was evident in wall structure and thermal degradation mode. Cell disintegration of the cultures occurred at 100 °C marking the limits of life. Complete disintegration, deformation and shrinkage occurred at 132 °C. A multidisciplinary approach to the characterisation of the CM was undertaken using organic petrology, TEM coupled with electron dispersive spectral analysis (EDS), high resolution TEM (HRTEM) to determine molecular ordering, and elemental and carbon isotope geochemistry. Reflectance measurements of the CM to determine thermal stress yielded a range of values corresponding to several populations, and pointing to different sources and processes. The δ¹³C values of Dresser Formation CM (−36.5 to −32.1‰) are negatively correlated with TOC (0.13–0.75%) and positively correlated with C/N ratio (134–569), which is interpreted to reflect the relative abundance of high R_o/oxidised/recycled CM and preferential loss of ¹²C and N during thermal maturation. TEM observations, inferred carbon isotopic heterogeneity and isotope fractionations of −27 to −32‰ are consistent with the activity of chemosynthetic microbes in a seafloor hydrothermal system where rapid silicification at relatively low temperature preserved the CM.  相似文献   

辽河盆地桃园-荣兴屯地区煤和炭质泥岩成烃模拟   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何光玉  陈荣书  张家骅  张卫华  吴泽坚  吴铁生  张占文  陈振岩  李军生 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1997,(4)

在考虑剥蚀作用与火成岩影响的基础上分别进行了地史和成熟史恢复，根据工区热模拟资料建立了炭质泥岩成烃模式，在分析国内有关煤成烃热模拟实验资料的基础上，建立了工区下第三系煤成烃模式，进而对目的层进行了生烃史模拟。结果表明，这种方法是准确而可靠的。  相似文献   

中国东部三个中新生代含油(气)盆地和拗(凹)陷泥岩压实与流体运移模拟     

Zhang Boquan Cui Wulin Wang Xiuyun Guan Zhenliang Yan Gao 《地球科学》1990,(1)

根据自己研制的高压控温泥岩压实仪,对我国三水、泌阳和黄骅三个中新生代含油(气)盆地和拗(凹)陷进行了压实模拟,从而证实了我国东部三个中新生代盆地和拗(凹)陷存在四个压实阶段,证实了泥质沉积物和地温梯度是严重影响压实和流体运移的主要因素,同时还证实了三水盆地和泌阳凹陷存在着严重的剥蚀。  相似文献   

汶川地震断裂带碳质来源、赋存特征及构造意义   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘江  李海兵  司家亮  刘栋梁  王焕 《地质学报》2016,90(10):2567-2581

不同尺度研究表明,碳质主要以五种方式赋存于汶川地震断裂带中:1断层角砾内部、未受破坏的初始赋存状态;2断层泥中弥散状分布的棱角状碳质碎屑;3滑动面两侧碳质脉;4碎裂岩化碳质脉,其分支灌注断层泥和断层角砾带裂隙;5地震主滑移面石墨晶体。碳质同位素δ~(13) C值范围为-26.6‰~-23.4‰,激光拉曼光谱分析表明碳质(不包括石墨)仅遭受不超过250℃或沸石至葡萄石-绿纤石相的变质作用,以及断层角砾中保留碳质沉积层理,均说明断裂带碳质来源于断裂带围岩,即上三叠统须家河组。碳质不同赋存状态形成机制:1初始赋存状态是成岩作用的结果;2弥散状分布的棱角状碳质碎屑是断层活动机械破坏的结果;3碳质脉是断层滑移过程中,围岩碳质层(如煤线)被挤压进入断裂带,沿断层面形成的拖尾构造;4地震过程中,快速断层活动使碳质脉碎裂岩化,并挤压注入构造裂隙;5石墨则是低结晶度碳质受同震摩擦加热石墨化的结果。碳质揭示了汶川地震断裂带断层活动过程信息,尤其是与地震有关的信息:1同震滑移产生的摩擦热异常仅限于非常狭窄(mm级)的范围内,绝大多数断裂岩碳质并未记录到摩擦热影响;2显微构造特征表明低结晶度碳质本身并未起到弱化断层的作用,但经摩擦加热石墨化形成的石墨将导致断层强度显著降低;3汶川地震断裂带切割多层富含碳质的烃原岩,碳质富集现象和石墨弱化机制可能在近地表层位(深度10km)汶川地震断裂带普遍存在。  相似文献   

The petrologic characteristics of carbonaceous shale and its significance of shale (las. Lucaogou formation,southern junggar basin北大核心CSCD     

Bai H.-H.  Zhou J.-B.  Wu C.  Wang Z.-H. 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(6):1310-1317

In the margin of southern Junggar basin, there is a potential of shale gas with the upper Permian l.uoaogou Formation. For a detailed understanding and evaluation with the shale gas geological characteristics of l.uoaogou Formation, the petrologic characteristics of the carbonaceous shale was researched, and the results show that: ( 1 ) in l.ucaogou Formation, the mean value of the brittle mineral percentages of the upper member, the middle member and the lower member are all more than 50%, but it is the highest in the middle member, and it is second in the lower member. At the same time, in the lower member, the mean value of the brittle mineral percentages is significantly lower than the upper and middle members; (2)the main brittle mineral in each member are quartz+feldspar, and there is a same change rule between the quartz+feldspar content and the total brittle mineral, that is; The quartz + feldspar content is the highest in the middle member, followed with the lower member, and it is obviously low in the upper member; (3 )from the lower member to the upper member, the content of carbonate in the carbonaceous shale are gradually reduced; (4) the clay mineral content of the carbonaceous shale of the upper member is far higher than the lower and middle members. And the clay mineral in each member are mainly constituted with illite and illite/Mongolia inter layer; ( 5 ) in the northern margin of the western part of the Bogda Mountain, south Junggar Basin, the brittle mineral content of the carbonaceous shale generally present as a decreasing trend from west to east to Fu Rang.  相似文献   

Effects of periodic saturation on K0 for a sandstone-mudstone particle mixture     

Zhenfeng Qiu  Junjie Wang  Yulong Chen  Yang Yang  Yongsuo Li 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(7):867-875

Abstract

Sandstone-mudstone particle mixture (SMPM) is one of the main materials, which has been widely used for filling in and around reservoirs for water conservation projects. During the periodic rising and falling of the water level, the fill material for the embankments, dam, and other waterfront features will also undergo drainage-saturation cycles. The deformation and coefficient of lateral pressure at rest K₀ may be affected by periodic saturation. In this study, a device is modified for testing the K₀ for gravel-soil under periodic saturation. In order to investigate the effects of periodic saturation on K₀, a series of experiments were performed for SMPM under different vertical stress and saturation cycling. K₀^N values of SMPM containing 20% mudstone particles under periodic saturation were obtained. The results shows that the K₀^N initially increased, but eventually reached a stable value with the increasing number of periodic saturation cycles. The magnitude of the coefficient increment was also found to be related to the stress condition. K₀^N is a logarithmic function of the saturation cycling time. By calculating K₀^N with the proposed empirical formula, the deformation and stress distribution of the SMPM filler in waterfront engineering works can be calculated with greater precision.  相似文献   

Carbonaceous aerosol transport from the Indo-Gangetic Plain to the Himalayas: Carbon isotope evidence and light absorption characteristics     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(2):101516

The Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) is a major regional and global emitter of atmospheric pollutants, which adversely affect surrounding areas such as the Himalayas. We present a comprehensive dataset on carbonaceous aerosol (CA) composition, radiocarbon (Δ¹⁴C) -based source apportionment, and light absorption of total suspended particle (TSP) samples collected over a 3-year period from high-altitude Jomsom in the central Himalayas. The 3-year mean TSP, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) concentrations were 92.0 ± 28.6, 9.74 ± 6.31, and 2.02 ± 1.35 μg m^?3, respectively, with the highest concentrations observed during the pre-monsoon season, followed by the post-monsoon, winter, and monsoon seasons. The Δ¹⁴C analysis revealed that the contribution of fossil fuel combustion (f_fossil) to EC was 47.9% ± 11.5%, which is consistent with observations in urban and remote regions in South Asia and attests that EC likely arrives in Jomsom from upwind IGP sources via long-range transport. In addition, the lowest f_fossil (38.7% ± 13.3%) was observed in winter, indicating large contributions in this season from local biomass burning. The mass absorption cross-section of EC (MAC_EC: 8.27 ± 1.76 m²/g) and water-soluble organic carbon (MAC_WSOC: 0.98 ± 0.45 m²/g) were slightly higher and lower than those reported in urban regions, respectively, indicating that CA undergo an aging process. Organic aerosol coating during transport and variation of biomass burning probably led to the seasonal variation in MAC of two components. Overall, WSOC contributed considerably to the light absorption (11.1% ± 4.23%) of EC. The findings suggest that to protect glaciers of the Himalayas from pollution-related melting, it is essential to mitigate emissions from the IGP.  相似文献   

四川若尔盖铀矿田510矿床成矿地质特征及找矿潜力分析     

陈田华 《地质与勘探》2021,57(6):1341-1353

510矿床为若尔盖碳硅泥岩型铀矿田具典型代表的矿床之一,该矿床地质特征代表了若尔盖铀矿田的总体特征。本文在区内已有的研究成果基础上,依据近年来在最新勘查进展和成果认识,通过对区域地质背景、典型矿床地质特征及铀矿化特征的进一步总结与研究,初步认为地层、岩性、构造及岩浆热液活动与区内铀成矿关系密切,总结出了“灰岩与硅质岩组合建造—断裂构造—岩性界面—热液活动”多要素组合控矿的成矿规律。在此基础上,对区内的找矿潜力进行了评价与预测,利用区内成矿要素与已知矿体的分布特征,构建了区内深部矿体的三维数字可视模型,结合区内铀矿化空间分布特征及成矿规律,预测了深部找矿空间7处,提出了深部及外围资源扩大的方向,为区内下步勘查工作部署提供了依据。  相似文献