Cenozoic Crustally-derived Carbonate-rich Magmatic Rocks in West Junggar,North Xinjiang,Western China: Geochronology,Geochemistry and Tectonic Implications     

CHEN Shi  LIANG Xinxin  ZHANG Yuanyuan  GUO Zhaojie  QI Jiafu 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1112-1127

The carbonate-rich magmatic rocks of West Junggar are distributed in the Baijiantan and Darbut ophiolitic mélanges in the forms of extrusive rocks overlying the mélanges and dykes, either along the margins of the mélange or cross-cutting components of mélanges. Chilled margin and flow structures are present. A SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 39.7 ± 1.3 Ma indicates that these carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar were formed during the Eocene. They have low concentrations in REEs, Th, U, Nb, Ta and are characterized by extremely low εN d(t), high(87 Sr/86 Sr)i ratios, relatively high δ18 OV-SMOW values and high δ13 CV-PDB values, which is similar with most sedimentary carbonates. Furthermore, no contemporaneous mantle-derived silicate rocks have yet been found in West Junggar. The carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar are thus distinct from mantle-derived carbonatites and are interpreted to result from melting of the Carboniferous sedimentary carbonates at crustal levels, these rocks therefore being referred to as 'crustal carbonatites'. The Eocene crustal carbonatites in West Junggar and other Cenozoic magmatic rocks in North Xinjiang are generally situated along regional strike-slip faults or fault intersections. Therefore, we propose that the reactivation of the Darbut and Baijiantan crustal-scale strike-slip fault zones(ophiolitic mélanges), due to the far-field effects of the Indian-Eurasian collision, enables decompression melting of the underlying continental lithospheric mantle. These resulting melts ascended to the lower crust through the strike-slip faults, causing partial melting of the Carboniferous carbonaceous sediments. The crustal carbonatites in West Junggar provide a new piece of evidence for Cenozoic magmatism in North Xinjiang and are also significant for the investigation of tectono-magmatic relations in North Xinjiang and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.  相似文献   

西南极乔治王岛新生代古生物特征及古环境探讨     

韦利杰 《地质力学学报》2021,27(5):855-866

西南极乔治王岛发育有一套高钾低铝的拉斑玄武岩,夹火山碎屑岩,属于岛弧火山岩系列。该岛还保存了南极最长的冰川沉积记录,是研究南极冰盖演化历史的重要证据。乔治王岛出露的新生代陆相地层中含有丰富的植物叶、孢粉、茎干、无脊椎动物化石及鸟类足印的痕迹化石等,从始新世到早中新世,化石逐渐减少,表明植物多样性呈明显下降趋势,幸存的稀疏植被被严格限制在冰川周缘的苔原物种上。冰海相地层与古生物研究表明,晚渐新世海相地层主要对应高能环境,早中新世海相地层对应低能环境。对乔治王岛新生代古生物特征及古环境的探讨,不仅理解了古生物及多样性的变化趋势,也为重建南极古环境提供证据。   相似文献   

新生代阿尔金断层中、东段右行走滑特征   总被引：23，自引：3，他引：23       下载免费PDF全文

杨藩  叶素娟  曹春潮  乔秦征  许同春 《地质科学》1994,29(4):346-354

从柴达木、准噶尔、塔里木3个地块近4个古地磁样品中得出的古纬度数据表明,新生代阿尔金断层中、东段的右行走滑特征明显。白垩纪以来,新疆板块相对柴达木地块向北移动了0.6°-5.4°。据此将断裂两侧各地块复原到白垩纪末的位置,天山-北山地体与祁连山地体相联,柴达木地体成为塔里木地体的东延部分。  相似文献   

中国东部中一新生代活动大陆边缘构造—岩浆作用演化和发展   总被引：31，自引：5，他引：31  

胡受奚  赵乙英 《岩石学报》1994,10(4):370-381

本文论述中国东部中－新生代由科迪勒拉型转变为西太平洋活动大陆边缘过程中的构造－岩浆作用及其演化。在印支旋回（２５０～１８５Ｍａ），初始欧亚板块与古太平洋板块强烈挤压俯冲，并伴随大范围改造型花岗岩类的发育。在燕山早期（１８５～１４０Ｍａ），继续俯冲，改造型花岗岩进一步发育，并开始有同熔型花岗岩类的形成。在约１４０Ｍａ两类花岗岩的形成达到高潮。在１４０～１００Ｍａ广泛发育安山－流纹岩系。燕山晚期（１００～７０Ｍａ）由于弧后扩张，配合红色盆地的广泛形成，发育碱性火山岩和碱性花岗岩带．新生代中国东部大陆花岗岩和中－酸性火山岩活动消失，代之以玄武岩活动；边缘海和岛弧逐渐形成，钙碱性火山岩系转入岛弧地带。  相似文献   

海南岛蓬莱地区超镁铁岩包体及其寄主玄武岩的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

傅建明 《矿物岩石》1991,11(4):22-32

蓬莱地区寄主玄武岩为晚第三纪火山喷发的产物,主要岩石为碧玄岩,碱性橄榄玄武岩和橄榄玄武岩,其中含有超镁铁岩包体。寄主玄武岩属碱性系列,是地幔橄榄岩低度部分熔融的产物。超镁铁岩包体具有局部熔融的迹象和弱亏损型地幔岩的特征,推测为上地幔橄榄岩低度部分熔融后的难熔残余。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地北缘中、新生代构造演化探讨   总被引：28，自引：1，他引：28  

狄恒恕  王松贵 《地球科学》1991,16(5):533-539

本文通过近年来的地震反射信息研究,对柴达木盆地北缘中、新生代地质构造演化进行了分析,透过红山地区这个窗口,揭示柴达木盆地内中、新生代两个世代的构造成因类型,展示二者叠置关系和构造样式,认为该区存在先张后压的演化历史,且后期挤压作用破坏和改造早期拉张构造样式,从而更有效地指导盆地中生代油气藏的勘探。  相似文献   

陕西北秦岭中段构造应力场的初步研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

徐文龙 《地震地质》1991,13(2):161-172

于华北板块南缘的北秦岭中段,在系统测量微断层的位移参数的基础上,通过采用滑动矢量拟合法,获得了该区自新生代以来的三期构造应力场的平均应力张量。三期应力场的方向及性质分别为:(1)以280°—310°方向拉伸为主的松弛期;(2)以305°—336°方向挤压为主的压缩期;(3)以294°—340°方向拉伸为主、辅以21°—68°方向挤压的现代扩张期。研究表明,最新一期即第三期构造应力场的特征与华北板块的区域构造应力场特征是基本一致的  相似文献   

泥河湾地区晚新生代生物地层带   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

杜恒俭  蔡保全 《地球科学》1995,20(1):35-42

本文根据岩石地层，哺乳动物化石及古地磁资料的综合分析研究，将泥河湾地区晚新生代生物地层划分为５个生物地层时限带，并推算出每个带的年限，它们是：（１）Ｈｉｐｐａｒｉｏｎ ｈｏｕｆｅｎｅｎｓｅ时限带，？－３．３０Ｍａ；（２）Ｍｉｍｏｍｙｓ ｏｒｉｅｎｔａｌｉｓ时限带，３．３０－２．４８Ｍａ；（３）Ｍｉｍｏｍｙｓ ｙｏｕｈｅｎｉｃｕｓ时限带，２．４８－１．８７Ｍａ；（４）Ａｌｌｏｐｈａｉｎｏｙｓ ｃｆ．  相似文献   

Geomorphic evolution of the Southern Alps,New Zealand     

J. Mark Tippett  Peter J. J. Kamp 《地球表面变化过程与地形》1995,20(2):177-192

The Southern Alps are the topographic expression of late Cenozoic (<8 Ma ago) uplift of the crust of the leading edge of the Pacific plate in South Island, New Zealand. New fission track data on the basement exposed in the Southern Alps quantify the age, amount, and rate of rock uplift, and in combination with geomorphic parameters permit the construction of a new model of the geomorphic evolution of the Southern Alps. The model emphasizes the development over time and space of rock uplift, mean surface elevation, exhumation of crustal section, and relief. The earliest indications of mean surface uplift are between 4 and 5 Ma ago at the Alpine Fault. Mean surface uplift, which lagged the start of rock uplift, propagated southeastward from the Alpine Fault at a rate of 30 km/Ma. By about 4 Ma ago, exhumation had exposed greywacke basement adjacent to and east of the entire 300 km long central section of the Alpine Fault. At 3 Ma ago, greenschist was exposed in the southern parts of the Southern Alps near Lake Wanaka, and since then has become exhumed along a narrow strip east of the Alpine Fault. The model infers that amphibolite grade schist has been exhumed adjacent to the Alpine Fault only in the last 0·3 Ma. The age of the start of rock uplift and the amount and rate of rock uplift, all of which vary spatially, are considered to be the dominant influences on the development of the landscape in the Southern Alps. The Southern Alps have been studied in terms of domains of different rock uplift rate. At present the rate of rock uplift varies from up to 8–10 mm/a adjacent to the Alpine Fault to 0·8–1·0 mm/a along the southeastern margin of the Southern Alps. This spectrum can be divided into two domains, one northwest of the Main Divide where the present rock uplift rates are very high (up to 8–10 mm/a) and exceed the long-term value of 0·8–1·0 mm/a, and another to the southeast of the Main Divide where the long-term rate is 0·8–1·0 mm/a. A domain of no uplift lies immediately to the east of the Southern Alps, and is separated from them by a 1·0–1·5 km step in the basement topography. We argue that this spatial sequence of uplift rate domains represents a temporal one. The existing models of the geomorphic development of the Southern Alps—the dynamic cuesta model of J. Adams and the numerical model of P. Koons—are compared with the new data and evolutionary model. Particular constraints unrealized by these two earlier models include the following: the earlier timing of the start of rock uplift of the Southern Alps (8 Ma ago); the spatial variation in the timing of the start of rock uplift (8 Ma ago to 3 Ma ago); the lower long-term rock uplift rate (0·8–1·0 mm/a) of the Southern Alps for most of the late Cenozoic; the lag between the start of rock uplift and the start of mean surface uplift; and the patterns of the amounts of late Cenozoic rock uplift and erosion across the Southern Alps.  相似文献   

中国东部新生代玄武岩的地球化学（Ⅱ）Sr、Nd、Ce同位素组成   总被引：28，自引：5，他引：28  

刘丛强  解广轰  增田彰正 《地球化学》1995,(3)

对有代表性的中国东部新生代玄武岩的Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ和Ｃｅ同位素组成进行了系统的研究，结合系统的微量元素研究结果，进一步阐明其地幔源区同位素组成的不均一性；利用Ｃｅ、Ｎｄ同位素地球化学给出的信息，探讨富集Ⅰ型（ＥＭⅠ）地幔端元的成因。  相似文献