多源数据融合的高速公路占地分类面积计算方法     

刘勇  王明华  袁名欢 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(1):91-93,97

为减少公路、铁路等用地报批过程中的土地利用分类面积统计工作量,本文采用将Auto CAD格式的用地红线数据与MAPGIS格式的地类信息数据相结合的方法,自动完成分类面积统计。重点介绍了数据坐标转换、格式转换与面积统计问题。以娄衡高速衡阳段主线为例,进行土地分类面积统计,并对所提方法分类精度的影响因素进行定性分析。  相似文献   

Monitoring and analysis of ground temperature and deformation within Qinghai-Tibet Highway subgradein permafrost region     

YaHu Tian  YuPeng Shen  WenBing Yu  JianHong Fang 《寒旱区科学》2015,7(4):370-375

In order to study the stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway embankment at Chumaerhe in the permafrost region of northwest China, the ground temperature and deformation at different depths were monitored under the left and right shoulders of the embankment where thermosyphons were set up only on the left shoulder. Based on the monitored data, characteristics of ground temperature and deformation of the left and right shoulders are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the start time of freezing or thawing of the seasonal active layer was about one to two months later than that of the embankment body itself. The stability of each shoulder was mainly controlled by the settlement of different soil layers,whereasfrost heave of soil had scarcely any effect on the stability of the embankment. For the left shoulder, the settlement was mainly influenced by the seasonal active layer and then by the embankment body itself,due to freeze-thaw cycles which may change the soil properties; however, the permafrost layer remained fairly stable. For the right shoulder, creep of the warm permafrost layer was the main influence factor on its stability, followed by settlement of embankment body itself, and finally settlement of the seasonal active layer. Compared with the deformation of the left shoulder, the permafrost layer under the right shoulder was less stable, which indicates that the thermosyphons had a significantly positive effect on the stability of warm permafrost.  相似文献   

连霍高速不同运营路段路旁土壤重金属分布及潜在生态风险   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

谷蕾  宋博  仝致琦  马建华 《地理科学进展》2012,31(5):632-638

在连霍高速公路运营时间不同的湾刘和小王庄断面, 按照距离公路的远近不同布设采样点, 对路旁土壤重金属(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr)的空间分布特征及土壤重金属潜在生态风险展开研究。结果表明:运营时间较长的湾刘断面(处于中等生态风险状态)路旁土壤重金属含量高于小王庄断面(总体处于轻微生态风险状态)。随着距公路路基距离的增加, 多数重金属含量及潜在生态风险呈不规则偏态分布。湾刘断面的RI峰值出现在距路基50～100m之间, 小王庄断面出现在距路基35 m处。土壤Cd是最主要的风险因子, 对RI的贡献率平均为61.39%。土壤污染物潜在生态风险评价应根据所研究污染物种类和数量对H?kanson 潜在生态风险指数分级标准进行适当调整。  相似文献   

Assessment and modeling of embankment participation in the seismic response of integral abutment bridges     

A. N. Kotsoglou  S. J. Pantazopoulou 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2009,7(2):343-361

The dynamic response and seismic performance of bridges may be appreciably affected by numerous contributing factors, with soil–structure interaction being the dominant exogenous influence. The most familiar form is the so-called soil–pile interaction, but embankment–abutment interaction is also documented through field observations and analytical investigations, particularly evident in integral R.C. bridges. Recent studies have shown that this form of interaction may significantly alter the bridge response and should be taken into account during design and assessment, especially in the case of typical highway overcrossings that have abutments supported on earth embankments. In light of this emerging problem and in order to facilitate quantitative estimates of the interaction effects, the question of appropriate modeling and seismic assessment of R.C. integral bridges is the main object of the present paper. Based on already established procedures to account for soil–structure interaction, a new approach is proposed to model the contribution of the embankment, the bent and the abutments to the overall bridge response. Furthermore, the capacity curve of the entire bridge system is evaluated through the implementation of Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA), therefore allowing for seismic assessment of the complex superstructure–foundation system with well established displacement based procedures. Using as a benchmark case two typical instrumented U.S. highway bridges located in California, the proposed method is implemented and provided results from this analysis are correlated successfully with available field data. Results obtained from the analysis indicate excessive displacement demands for the entire bridge–embankment system owing to the embankment contribution and the soil degradation under increasing shear strains. Furthermore, seismic performance is strongly related to the central bent deformation capacity, with soil–pile interaction effects being of critical importance.  相似文献   

都江堰—汶川公路边坡地震破坏模式研究          下载免费PDF全文

甘建军  黄润秋  范崇荣  李前银  叶晓华 《水文地质工程地质》2011,38(3):59-65

汶川特大地震发生后,都江堰至汶川公路两侧地质灾害尤为发育,先后多次完全中断震中生命线的交通,严重影响了公路的安全运行和灾后重建的顺利进行。通过汶川地震前后都江堰-汶川公路边坡现场调查资料对比分析,研究了该地段边坡的主要地质灾害类型及其破坏模式、易发性分区和防治建议。研究表明破坏类型主要为碎屑流式、碎裂滑移崩塌,剪断-溃滑型、拉裂-溃滑型、顺层溃滑型滑坡和沟谷型泥石流。都汶公路两侧的边坡灾害以崩塌为主,滑坡、泥石流次之。地震使区内泥石流暴发的频率和规模增大,特大型泥石流主要发生在映秀-北川断裂带的地震烈度较高区域。防治此类地质灾害,应以治理为主,预防和避让相结合。  相似文献   

云南振兴桥-清水河公路地质灾害危险性现状评价     

柳清峰 《四川地质学报》2009,29(4):459-461,466

在对去南省振新桥-清水河段公路的地质灾害调查的基础上,从其发育特征、分布范围及成因进行了分析,并结合地质灾害的稳定性和危害性进行了危险性现状评估,最后提出了防治对策建议。  相似文献   

G214盐井-芒康段地质灾害调查中遥感技术的应用     

张玉明  汤喜梅 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2009,20(1):94-98

滇藏公路是由西南进入西藏地区的唯一通道。历年来沿线地质灾害不断,损失严重。通过遥感技术的应用,选取新时相的卫星遥感影像,对公路沿线的地质灾害和构造体系进行全面、宏观的调研。可以快速系统地查明滇藏公路地质灾害的分布、类型和形成的地质背景。客观地反映沿线地质灾害的形成规律,为下一步的公路选线和设计、维护和治理提供科学依据。  相似文献   

综合工程物探技术在川藏公路102大型滑坡勘察中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

武斌  曾校丰 《四川地质学报》2005,25(1):61-64

通过反射波法、拆射波法、瞬态瑞雷面波勘探法、直流对称四极电测深法、联合剖面法、高密度电测深法六种物探方法在川藏公路102大型滑坡勘察中应用,充分表明综合工程物探方法这门新兴技术所具有的良好探查效果。  相似文献   

动态分段思想在公路地理信息系统中的实现   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

李军利  查良松  王中 《测绘与空间地理信息》2006,29(1):67-70

动态分段是一种全新的线性特征的动态分析技术,可以有效地解决公路线性特征的动态分析问题,实现公路图形和属性数据间的双向动态可视化查询。文章以Arc/Info为代表,分析了动态分段技术的原理,结合VB6.0、MapObjects2.2和Access,初步介绍了公路GIS中动态分段的数据结构与算法,并探讨了如何实现公路GIS的过程。  相似文献   

川藏公路然乌-鲁朗段泥石流灾害成因分析及定量化分区   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

丁继新  杨志法  尚彦军 《地质力学学报》2006,12(2):203-210,226

独特的地质、地形地貌、水文以及气候条件使得川藏公路然乌至鲁朗段各种山地灾害极其发育,尤其以泥石流灾害最为严重。根据前人的成果以及作者的实地调查,认为复杂的地质构造、强烈的地壳运动和河流切割、频繁的地震、丰富的松散堆积物、有利的地形地貌、现代冰川以及丰沛的降雨是研究区泥石流灾害频繁发生的主要原因。为了更有效地进行减灾防灾,采用岩石工程系统方法对研究区对泥石流进行了定量化分区。通过与初步定性泥石流分区以及泥石流灾害的分布情况进行对照,验证了定量泥石流分区的正确性和可行性。   相似文献