内蒙古中西部地区尾波Q值研究   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

刘芳  苗春兰  高艳玲 《地震》2007,27(2):72-80

基于Sato单次散射模型,利用2001-2006年6月内蒙古数字地震台网记录到的发生在内蒙古中西部地区的114条ML≥2.7地震波形资料,从西到东分三个研究区对内蒙古中西部地区尾波Q值进行了研究,研究中首先计算各条记录尾波4~18 Hz间15个频率点的尾波Q值,并对Q值与频率之间的依赖关系进行了拟合,拟合结果为:Ⅰ区Qc(f)=(69.98±20.92)f(0.8989±0.0881);Ⅱ区Qc(f)=(55.59±14.726)f(0.9426±0.1084);Ⅲ区Qc(f)=(69.89±18.54)f(0.8352±0.0913)。研究结果表明,尾波值表现出明显的分区性特征,研究区Ⅰ、Ⅲ表现为高Q值,研究区Ⅱ为低Q值,其结果可能与内蒙古中西部地区独特的构造分区特征有关。  相似文献   

Codes of conduct in the South China Sea and Taiwan's stand     

Yann-huei Song   《Marine Policy》2000,24(6)

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and China are in the process of negotiating a regional code of conduct in the South China Sea. It is believed that the code, if adopted, will help to build trust and confidence among the claimants to ownership of the disputed islands located in the Spratlys/South China Sea area as well as promote stability in the Asia–Pacific region. Taiwan is one of the six parties directly involved in the sovereignty and maritime jurisdictional disputes in the area. However, it has been excluded from participating in the regional efforts to formulate the code of conduct. This article examines the current situation of the formulation of the ASEAN–China regional code of conduct in the South China Sea and Taiwan's stand on the issue.  相似文献   

Fisheries: Hope or despair?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Tony J. Pitcher  William W.L. Cheung 《Marine pollution bulletin》2013

Recent work suggesting that fisheries depletions have turned the corner is misplaced because analysis was based largely on fisheries from better-managed developed-world fisheries. Some indicators of status show improvements in the minority of fisheries subjected to formal assessment. Other indicators, such as trophic level and catch time series, have been controversial. Nevertheless, several deeper analyses of the status of the majority of world fisheries confirm the previous dismal picture: serious depletions are the norm world-wide, management quality is poor, catch per effort is still declining. The performance of stock assessment itself may stand challenged by random environmental shifts and by the need to accommodate ecosystem-level effects. The global picture for further fisheries species extinctions, the degradation of ecosystem food webs and seafood security is indeed alarming. Moreover, marine ecosystems and their embedded fisheries are challenged in parallel by climate change, acidification, metabolic disruptors and other pollutants. Attempts to remedy the situation need to be urgent, focused, innovative and global.  相似文献   

Parametric uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of hydrodynamic processes for a large shallow freshwater lake     

Yiping Li  Chunyan Tang  Jianting Zhu  Baozhu Pan  Desmond O. Anim  Yong Ji 《水文科学杂志》2013,58(6):1078-1095

Abstract

A parametric uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of hydrodynamic processes was conducted for a large shallow freshwater lake, Lake Taihu, China. Ten commonly used parameters in five groups were considered including: air–water interface factor, water–sediment interface factor, surrounding terrain factor, turbulent diffusion parameters and turbulent intensity parameters. Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) was used for sampling the parametric combinations, which gave predictive uncertainty results directly without using surrogate models, and the impacts of different parametric distribution functions on the results were investigated. The results showed that the different parametric distribution functions (e.g. uniform, normal, lognormal and triangular) for sampling had very little impact on the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the lake hydrodynamic model. The air–water interface factor (wind drag coefficient) and surrounding terrain factor (wind shelter coefficient) had the greatest influence on the spatial distribution of lake hydrodynamic processes, especially in semi-closed bays and lake regions with complex topography, accounting for about 60–70% and 20%, respectively, of the uncertainty on the results. Vertically, velocity in the surface layer was also largely influenced by the two factors, followed by velocity in the bottom layer; the middle velocity had minimal impact. Likewise, the water–sediment interface factor (i.e. bottom roughness height) ranked third, contributing about 10% to the uncertainty of the hydrodynamic processes of the lake. In contrast, turbulent diffusion parameters and turbulent intensity parameters in the lake hydrodynamic model had little effect on the uncertainty of simulated results (less than 1% contribution). The findings were sufficiently significant to reduce the parameter uncertainties and calibration workload of the hydrodynamic model in large shallow lakes.