East Asian Winter Monsoon record from the environmental sensitive grain size component of QF Old Red Sand, Haitan Island, China     

FanGen Hu  ZhiZhong Li  JianHui Jin  Qian Zhao  Hui Zhang  XianLi Wang  Jing Xia 《寒旱区科学》2013,5(2):0220-0229

The "Old Red Sand" is widely distributed along the coast of Fujian Province, China. Most studies have been carried out from aspects of the origin, age and laterization of the "Old Red Sand", but this paper focused on reconstructing the history of the Asian Winter Monsoon change. On the basis of granulometric analysis of high-resolution samples, we have obtained environmental sensitive grain size component (ESGSC) from the Qingfeng (QF) profile by using the grain size-standard deviation method, which proves that the selected ESGSC is an important climate proxy. The mean grain size of this ESGSC could be used to reconstruct the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) intensity. As such, the history of the EAWM change since 44.0 ka reconstructed here reveals three main phases based on chronology dates of previous researches: (1) 44.0-25.5 ka B.P., the EAWM is relatively weak but increases gradually with fluctuations; (2) 25.5-15.5 ka B.P., relatively strong with high frequency fluctuations; (3) 15.5-7.1 ka B.P., with a weaker winter monsoon, but during 11-10 ka B.P. is remarkably enhanced. The EAWM recorded by mean grain size of the two neighboring sections have a better repeatability, so the millennial scales oscillation should be a reliable signal of the EAWM intensity. The climate recorded by ESGSC of the QF "Old Red Sand" compared to δ 18 O of Hulu Cave stalagmites and Greenland GISP2 ice cores shows a good consistency, especially in detail, the YD event and four Heinrich events are all recorded, but the signal of D-O cycles was relatively weak.  相似文献   

海南岛东北部海岸极端波浪事件沉积记录   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

徐笑梅  高抒  周亮  杨保明 《海洋学报》2019,41(6):48-63

建立长时间尺度台风序列对于预测未来超强台风的活动规律具有重要科学和实践意义。历史上影响海南岛地区的台风十分频繁，但因缺少确切而详实的记载往往无法判断其是否为超强台风，因此迫切需要寻找千百年尺度的超强台风沉积记录。本文对海南岛东北部翁田镇沿海地区进行详细野外调查，选定白石堡海岸沙丘剖面为研究对象，在该沙丘剖面中识别出风暴越岸沉积和海滩岩巨砾沉积。根据沉积学分析和动力过程分析，这两种类型沉积极有可能是由历史上的台风事件形成，形成年代可能达到距今3 400 a；将该沉积层中的海滩岩巨砾与台风"威马逊"搬运的最大海滩岩巨砾进行对比，发现形成该沉积层海滩岩巨砾的台风事件强度应比台风"威马逊"更强，表明该区域历史上超强台风的存在，这对建立千百年尺度的台风序列有很重要的意义。同时，研究区岸外珊瑚岸礁发育良好，动力分析表明礁坪宽度对于波浪消减、海岸防护具有显著作用。然而，随着海南岛珊瑚岸礁日益衰亡、风暴强度逐渐加大和海面持续上升，未来海南岛地区的海岸极端风浪危害和海岸侵蚀形式威胁正日益加大，亟待加强海南岛珊瑚岸礁保护。  相似文献   

Valley glaciers persisted in the Lake District,north‐west England,until ∼16–15 ka as revealed by terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (10Be) dating: a response to Heinrich event 1?          下载免费PDF全文

Peter Wilson  Ángel Rodés  Alan Smith 《第四纪科学杂志》2018,33(5):518-526

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2015/2016年超强厄尔尼诺事件基本特征及生成和消亡机制     

郑依玲  陈泽生  王海  杜岩 《热带海洋学报》2019,38(4):10-19

全球变暖背景下, 2015/2016年超强厄尔尼诺(El Ni?o)事件倍受关注, 此次事件是中部型和东部型El Ni?o的混合。研究发现, 西风爆发和北太平洋经向模态对触发此次事件均有所贡献。通过对比2015/2016年、1997/1998年与中部型事件可知, 2015/2016年事件在暖背景中产生, 其发展形态与中部型事件较为相似, 后期海表面温度异常迅速衰退主要与赤道东太平洋海域持续的东风异常以及纬向平流较弱有关。较之1997/1998年事件, 2015/2016年事件的海洋动力调整较弱, 表现为较弱的温跃层反馈和海洋波动, 纬向平流反馈的贡献大于温跃层反馈, 大气强迫影响显著, 中部海域相关要素异常值较大。在2015/2016年事件期间, 赤道海域以及近赤道海域海洋上层热含量的变化基本呈负相关, 且变化较为同步; 衰退阶段热含量的流失主要集中在5°S—5°N海域, 向两极的热输送明显。  相似文献   

Analysis of the appearance and disappearance of point objects over time     

Yukio Sadahiro 《International journal of geographical information science》2019,33(2):215-239

The appearance and disappearance of immovable points are important spatiotemporal events in geographical information science. They represent phenomena such as the birth and death of trees in forests, construction and destruction of buildings in cities and openings and closures of shops and restaurants. This paper proposes a new method for analyzing the appearance and disappearance of points. The method helps analysts capture the overall picture and regional variation of event pattern and detecting significant local patterns. Four measures are defined that indicate the intensity of spatial and temporal patterns of events. The measures are visualized as grid maps. A statistical test is used to evaluate the significance of the measures to extract the regions of significant patterns. The proposed method is applied in an analysis of shops and restaurants in Shibuya, Tokyo. Technical soundness of the method is discussed along with empirical findings.  相似文献   

基于联合主题特征的网络新闻文本蕴含环境污染事件检测     

黄宗财  仇培元  陆锋  吴升 《地球信息科学学报》2019,21(10):1510-1517

网络新闻文本在环境污染事件感知方面具有重要的应用价值。然而,由于环境污染事件的“多米诺效应”,网络新闻文本往往存在对多类型污染事件的混合描述,现有事件检测方法容易导致文本分类错误。本文提出一种基于联合主题特征的网络新闻文本蕴含环境污染事件检测方法,通过兼顾环境网络新闻文本的全局特征和主题分布特征来改善检测分类效果。该方法采用词频-逆文档频率向量对文档进行全局特征表示,并结合文档的主题分布特征向量,构建联合主题特征向量作为监督分类模型的输入,实现环境污染事件检测。实验结果表明,使用联合主题特征的支持向量机方法进行事件类别检测平均F1值相较于全局特征提高15%,相较于主题特征提高36%。本文提出的网络新闻文本蕴含环境污染事件检测方法可支持污染事件类型检测和影响信息抽取,有助于环境污染事件的时空统计与变化趋势预测。  相似文献   

A comprehensive analysis of Universal Soil Loss Equation-based models at the Sparacia experimental area     

Vincenzo Bagarello  Vito Ferro  Vincenzo Pampalone 《水文研究》2020,34(7):1545-1557

Improving Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)-based models has large interest because simple and reliable analytical tools are necessary in the perspective of a sustainable land management. At first, in this paper, a general definition of the event rainfall- runoff erosivity factor for the USLE-based models, REF_e = (Q_R)^b1(EI₃₀)^b2, in which Q_R is the event runoff coefficient, EI₃₀ is the single-storm erosion index, and b₁ and b₂ are coefficients, was introduced. The rainfall-runoff erosivity factors of the USLE (b₁ = 0 and b₂ = 1), USLE-M (b₁ = b₂ = 1), USLE-MB (b₁ ≠ 1 and b₂ = 1), USLE-MR (b₁ = 1 and b₂ ≠ 1), USLE-MM (b₁ = b₂ ≠ 1), and USLE-M2 (b₁ ≠ b₂ ≠ 1) can be defined using REF_e. Then the different expressions of REF_e were simultaneously tested against a data set of normalized bare plot soil losses, A_eN, collected at the Sparacia (south Italy) site. As expected, the poorest A_eN predictions were obtained with the USLE. The observed tendency of this model to overestimate small A_eN values and underestimate high A_eN values was reduced by introducing in the soil loss prediction model both Q_R and an exponent for the erosivity term. The fitting to the data was poor with the USLE-MR as compared with the USLE-MB and the USLE-MM. Estimating two distinct exponents (USLE-M2) instead of a single exponent (USLE-MB, USLE-MR, and USLE-MM) did not appreciably improve soil loss prediction. The USLE-MB and the USLE-MM were recognized to be the best performing models among the possible alternatives, and they performed similarly with reference to both the complete data set and different sub-data sets, only including small, intermediate, and severe erosion events. In conclusion, including the runoff coefficient in the soil loss prediction model is important to improve the quality of the predictions, but a great importance has to be paid to the mathematical structure of the model.  相似文献