黑色岩型铂族矿物中铂钯金相态ICP-MS分析方法研究   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0  

连文莉  来新泽  刘军  张金矿  于亚辉  王明军  孙勇  王琳 《岩矿测试》2017,36(2):107-116

黑色岩是近年发现的铂族元素重要载体,由于其金属来源的多样性及成矿作用的复杂性,对于铂族元素在该类矿物中的分布及富集形式目前并不十分清楚,这也是造成黑色岩中铂族元素测定不稳定的主要原因。本文根据黑色岩的矿物性质及组成,将黑色岩中Pt、Pd、Au的赋存状态划分为:可交换相、有机结合相、硫化物结合相、残渣相。通过应用硫氰酸钾+氰化钠作为解吸剂,有效抑制了黑色岩中有机碳对各相态中Pt、Pd、Au的吸附,采用分离富集ICP-MS法测定了Pt、Pd、Au在各相态中的分布。结果表明:(1)各元素各相态的提取总量与该元素在样品中的总量之比分别为Pt 94.4%~101.0%,Pd 95.8%~101.0%,Au 96.7%~102.0%,说明本方法具有较好的准确性和重现性;(2)黑色岩矿物中Pt、Pd、Au的富集不仅具备亲硫性,而且与有机碳形成的地质条件、地质背景有明显的相关性,此结果为研究黑色岩中铂族元素所处的地球化学环境及其成矿规律提供了重要信息。  相似文献   

LA-ICP-MS工作参数优化及在锆石U-Pb定年分析中的应用   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

周亮亮  魏均启  王芳  仇秀梅 《岩矿测试》2017,36(4):350-359

将激光器(LA)和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)联用避免了溶液分析繁琐、耗时的前处理操作,减少了样品制备过程中可能带来的污染,同时又具备分析成本低、测试速度快、分析数据精度高等优势。本文将LA与ICP-MS联接使用,通过激光能量密度和剥蚀频率组合来讨论较低的元素分馏效应,同时匹配RF功率、采样深度、载气及He气流速等主要工作参数以获得较高的元素信号灵敏度和稳定性,从而得到仪器最优工作参数组合,建立了可靠的锆石U-Pb定年方法。通过对锆石标样91500、GJ-1及Ple2ovic互测结果表明,其206Pb/238U加权平均年龄分别为1063.9±6.0 Ma(2σ,n=20)、600.3±2.6 Ma(2σ,n=27)及337.6±1.7 Ma(2σ,n=20),测试结果准确度和精度均在1%范围内,与前人报道的误差范围一致。使用优化后的仪器参数对来自鄂东南铜绿山矿区石英正长闪长玢岩岩体中的实际锆石样品进行测试,获得其206Pb/238U年龄与前人研究结果基本一致,表明本法能准确地对锆石进行定年分析。  相似文献   

Clear water scour around a finite array of cylinders     

《Applied Ocean Research》2017

This experimental study presents clear-water scour and deposition patterns around hexagonal arrays of circular cylinders in steady flow conditions. Understanding the scour processes around such configurations could facilitate the design of several hydraulic and marine engineering structures, such as bridge piers and piles. The flow alteration caused by the examined porous obstacles depends on the solid volume fraction of the obstacles and on the angle of attack of the incoming flow, due to the limited number of cylinders constituting the array. Flume experiments with erodible bed were carried out for four array densities (solid volume fractions: 0.14, 0.20, 0.32 and 0.56) under three different orientations (regular, angled and staggered configurations). The scour/deposition characteristics were obtained by means of laser scanner and the results were compared to solid cylinders of equal circumambient diameter. Different angles of attack of the incoming flow lead to different blockage ratios, which have direct impact on the scour characteristics and deposition patterns. The arrays with the higher solid volume fraction generated scour/deposition patterns similar to solid cylinder, while in the arrays with the lower solid volume fractions, local scour around the individual small cylinders became evident. Finally, considering that the load bearing capacity of a pier basically depends on the area of its cross-section, a comparison of the maximum induced scour depth and volume by the cylinder arrays and the solid cylinder with equal solid cross-sectional area is presented, in order to introduce an alternative pier configuration that induces less scour. The results showed that the array of cylinders could generate 27% less scour volume and 22% less scour depth compared to its single solid cylinder counterpart.  相似文献   

海洋表层叶绿素浓度的激光雷达测量方法和海上实验   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

陈卫标  吴东  张亭禄  刘智深 《海洋与湖沼》1998,29(3):255-260

依据激光感生荧光的原理和叶绿素分子的荧光谱特性,研制一套激发波长为532nm的海洋激光雷达系统,用于海洋表层叶绿素分子浓度的快速测量。应用该系统于1994年10－11月进行一次长距离的海上现场实验,对东海（2－32°N,122—129°E）21个站位的表层叶绿素浓度进行了测量,得到0．15μg/L-1．10μg／L范围的表层叶绿素分子的浓度分布。测量结果与水样的分光光度计测量结果相吻合。  相似文献   

Formation of the salinity minimum in the Mixed Water Region between the Oyashio and Kuroshio Fronts     

Tokihiro Kono   《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》1998,45(12):2035-2057

The salinity minimum frequently occurring in the Mixed Water Region between the Oyashio and Kuroshio Fronts seems to originate from the salinity minimum at the density of 26.8σ_θ called the North Pacific Intermediate Water. We examined water exchange of this region with the Oyashio and the Kuroshio Extension using mixing ratio R_K defined as (θ - θ_OY)/(θ_K - θ_OY) × 100, where θ_OY, θ_K, and θ represent potential temperature of the Oyashio and Kuroshio Waters and their mixture on the isopycnal surfaces, respectively. CTD data were obtained by repeated observation from January 1990 to May 1991. R_K increases southward from the Oyashio Front to the Kuroshio Front with the range of −20 to 120%. The gradient of R_K on the isopycnal surfaces is large around the Oyashio Front above the 26.8σ_θ surface, while it is large around the Kuroshio Front below it. This agrees with the average R_K in the Mixed Water Region decreasing greatly with the increase of density at densities less dense than 26.8σ_θ. We calculated thickness and volume transport of the Oyashio between the isopycnal surfaces near the coast of Hokkaido. They increase largely with density at densities less dense than 26.8σ_θ. It is supposed that the salinity minimum in the Mixed Water Region is the upper limit of the water largely influenced by the Oyashio Water. Its density could depend only on the density structure of the Oyashio.  相似文献   

多源数据与机载LiDAR数据的DTM提取算法     

刘沛  李英成  薛艳丽  丁晓波  罗祥勇  李见阳 《测绘科学》2010,35(6):147-150

本文提出了基于坡度因子的概念、利用已知DEM辅助信息、针对LIDAR点云迭代进行DTM提取的新方法。主要介绍了多源数据配准、激光点云滤波算法的原理,并在山地、居民、水域等地区进行了实验,同时应用两种精度验证方法对实验数据进行运算和评价。实验证明该算法不依赖初始坡度设定,自适应性较好。  相似文献   

循环应力比和振动频率对盐渍土微观结构影响分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵福堂  常立君  张吾渝 《冰川冻土》2020,42(3):854-864

以青海省察尔汗地区盐渍土为研究对象, 借助扫描电子显微镜（SEM）设备和颗粒孔隙及裂隙图像识别与分析系统（PCAS）, 应用图像分割原理和分形理论, 对交通循环荷载作用下的盐渍土微观结构进行研究, 探讨不同循环应力比和不同振动频率下孔隙分布特征及其微观机制。结果表明： 循环应力比R由0.375增加到0.75, 临界破坏动应变由2.32%增高到3.17%, 动载循环次数相应减少; 振动频率f由0.5 Hz增加到2.0 Hz, 临界破坏动应变由2.82%减小到2.48%, 动载循环次数相应增多; 盐渍土孔隙参数随循环应力比的增大, 孔隙尺度分维值D_v 增长了0.12, 概率熵H_m 减小了0.017, 孔隙的形态分形维数D减小了0.27, 平均形状系数F增加了0.14, 变化规律较明显; 随振动频率的增大, D_v 增长了0.014, H_m 减小了0.002, D变化了0.06, F变化了0.003, 变化规律不明显; 在动荷载作用下, 试样的孔隙空间排列与宏观上的褶皱鼓状变形具有一致性。通过未加载试样与加载后试样的微观结构参数变化对比, 从循环应力比和振动频率对盐渍土微观孔隙特征的影响到宏观变形的相互作用机制进行了系统分析。  相似文献   

Thermal conductivity of dense hcp iron:Direct measurements using laser heated diamond anvil cell     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2020,11(5):1755-1761

Thermal conductivity(k) of iron is measured up to about 134 GPa.The measurements are carried out using the single sided laser heated diamond anvil cell,where the power absorbed by a Fe metal foil at hotspot is calculated using a novel thermodynamical method.Thermal conductivity of fee(γ)-Fe increases up to a pressure of about46 GPa.We find thermal conductivity values in the range of 70-80 Wm~(-1)K~(-1)(with an uncertainty of 40%),almost constant with pressure,in the hcp(e) phase of Fe.We attribute the pressure independent k above 46 GPa to the strong electronic correlation effects driven by the electronic topological transition(ETT).We predict a value of thermal conductivity of ε-Fe of about 40±16 Wm~(-1)K~(-1) at the outer core of Earth.  相似文献   

Paleo- and Mesoarchean TTG-sanukitoid to high-K granite cycles in the southern São Francisco craton,SE Brazil     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(5):101372

The generation of the continental crust is widely accepted to have taken place predominantly in the Archean, when TTG magmatism associated with greenstone-belt supracrustal succession development was typically followed by emplacement of high-K granites before crustal stabilization. This study focuses on the Campos Gerais complex (CGC), which is an Archean granite-greenstone belt lithological association in a tectonic window located in the southwesternmost portion of the São Francisco craton (SFC). The CGC is an important segment of Paleo- to Mesoarchean continental crust to be integrated into paleogeographic reconstructions prior to the transition into the Paleoproterozoic. This investigation reports field relationships, 28 major and trace element compositions, U–Pb (zircon) geochronological results, and Hf and Sm–Nd isotope data for orthogneiss and amphibolite samples. The results indicate that the CGC records a complex Archean crustal evolution, where voluminous 2.97 Ga TTG tonalites and trondhjemites (ε_Nd(t) =  ? 4.7; T_DM = 3.24 Ga) were followed by 2.89 Ga sanukitoid tonalite production (ε_Nd(t) =  ? 1.9; T_DM = 3.02 Ga), broadly coeval with the development of the Fortaleza de Minas and Pitangui greenstone-belts. These events are interpreted to represent the initial stage of an important subduction-accretion tectonic cycle, which ended with the emplacement of 2.82–2.81 Ga high-K leucogranites and migmatization of the TTG-sanukitoid crust, with hybrid and two-mica, peraluminous compositions (ε_Nd(t) =  ? 8.0 to ? 8.6; T_DM = 3.57 – 3.34 Ga). The presence of inherited zircons with ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ages of 3.08 Ga, 3.29 Ga, 3.55 Ga and 3.62 Ga indicates that the Mesoarchean tectonic processes involved reworking of Meso- to Eo-archean crust. Renewed TTG magmatism took place at ca. 2.77 Ga represented by juvenile tonalite stocks (ε_Nd(t) = +1.0 to ? 1.5; T_DM = 2.80 – 2.88 Ga) which intrude the TTG-greenstone belt association. Crustal stabilization was attained by 2.67 Ga, allowing for the emplacement of within-plate tholeiitic amphibolites (ε_Nd(t) =  ? 3.1; T_DM = 2.87 Ga). The CGC shows important tectonic diachronism with respect to other Archean terrains in the southern São Francisco craton, including an independent Meso- to Neoarchean crustal evolution.  相似文献