长春市公共服务设施空间与居住空间格局特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

申庆喜  李诚固  刘仲仪  胡述聚  刘倩 《地理研究》2018,37(11):2249-2258

基于长春市790个居住小区、178所小学、301家社区医院、1681个公交站点等空间数据,引用核密度估计、Riley's K函数、同位区位商等分析方法,对公共服务设施空间与居住空间的形态格局、集聚特性、“临近性”关系等进行了定量分析。研究发现：首先,公共服务设施空间与居住空间分布的形态格局差异显著,同时也表现出较高的相关性,“核心—外围”网点数量的分布特征趋同性与分异性并存;其次,公共服务设施空间与居住空间均呈现出显著的集聚特征,但集聚的规模与强度差异明显,二者空间分布的协调性程度仍需提高;第三,从分布的空间关系来看,居住小区具有较为明显的“临近”公共服务设施布局的倾向,但反之不明显,整体呈现出空间格局的“非对称性”特征。  相似文献   

广义生态水利的内涵及其过程与维度   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

邓铭江  黄强  畅建霞  黄生志  郭爱军 《水科学进展》1990,31(5):775-792

总结中国工程水利、环境水利、资源水利、生态水利发展沿革，分析国内外生态水利研究进展、发展趋势及其特点，指出生态水利是人类社会发展到生态文明时代水资源利用的一种新途径和方式，以尊重和维护生态环境为主旨，开发水利、发展经济，为人类社会可持续发展服务。阐述了广义生态水利的内涵、定义和发展模式及其过程和维度，并提出以下结论和观点：①生态水利将水资源和水循环调控作为重要生态要素，从流域生态系统能量交换、生物链接、结构平衡、循环转化全视角开展研究，探索既能满足人类社会需求，又能兼顾水生态系统健康和良性发展的生态水利措施和方法。②建立了水利工程"规划设计—建设管理—运行调度"全过程、全生命周期的工程安全和生态安全保障体系，特别是将生态调度纳入水利工程全"服役期"，其中"后坝工时代"实施全流域大尺度生态调度，是生态保护和恢复最有效的措施。③从"生态环境-社会经济-水循环调控"三个维度，在生态文明视野下的国土空间规划治理体系中，科学把控生态水利的空间定位，促进"三生空间"优化布局，保障"三生用水"合理配置，优化"三生关系"耦合协调，实现生态保护和高质量发展，推动生态水利事业创新发展。  相似文献   

论经典平差模型的几何统一     

康壮  隋立芬 《测绘学院学报》2006,(4)

为了更直观、深入地理解参数平差与条件平差的本质区别并找出它们的内在联系,在参数平差、条件平差、具有参数的条件平差、附有限制条件的条件平差和具有条件的参数平差模型中引入线性泛函,构建其统一的几何模型,从几何角度统一经典平差模型。  相似文献   

Social geographies of learning disability: narratives of exclusion and inclusion     

Edward Hall 《Area》2004,36(3):298-306

The social geographies of people with learning disabilities, one of the most marginalized groups in society, have largely been ignored. The paper explores these hidden geographies through the interpretation of narratives of people with learning disabilities in Scotland, within a social policy framework of social exclusion and inclusion. The paper interprets the experiences of being excluded from and included within mainstream socio-spaces, and the safe spaces that many people with learning disabilities have formed for themselves in between the positions of social exclusion and inclusion.  相似文献   

西方厨房研究及其对中国文化地理家庭空间研究之启示   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘晨  蔡晓梅  曾国军 《热带地理》2014,34(4):445-453

文章通过文献分析法,在回顾西方家庭厨房研究的背景和内容的基础上,总结得出：西方文化地理学在全球化、现代化、城市化、后殖民化和后工业化的背景下,主要从物质文化、性别文化和跨地方文化3方面探讨了现代厨房作为社会文化空间的建构,它们认为厨房作为一个家庭空间,具有强烈的社会性,并强调厨房在构建人类日常生活和社会环境之间关系的过程中起主导性作用,而并非仅仅是家庭烹饪活动的承载空间。基于此,根据当代中国城市家庭的特点,文章对中国文化地理学的家庭研究现状进行了展望,指出今后中国文化地理的家庭研究需将家庭视为一个社会文化空间,分析家庭如何成为连结不同尺度空间的重要节点以及如何承载复杂的社会关系和社会分工,以期对中国文化地理学的家庭研究以及有关微观空间研究的进一步发展作出理论方面的贡献。  相似文献   

非Dedekind完备的序拓扑向量空间中集值映射的一类扩张   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

肖赟  刘信东 《成都信息工程学院学报》2010,25(3):336-340

在泛函分析中有着重要作用的Hahn—Banach扩张定理及其很多推广定理的条件都要求值域空间是Dedekind完备的,这是一个非常强的条件,因而在一定程度上局限了这些扩张定理的应用。主要考虑弱化这些定理的条件,讨论当值域空间是由锥引入序的非Dedekind完备的序拓扑向量空间时,一类集值映射的扩张。  相似文献   

Linking remotely sensed Urban Green Space (UGS) distribution patterns and Socio-Economic Status (SES) - A multi-scale probabilistic analysis based in Mumbai,India     

Vasu Sathyakumar  Ronita Bardhan 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(5):645-669

Urban Green Spaces (UGS) offer social and environmental benefits that enhance quality of life of the residents. However, due to the underlying social and economic disparities, different sections of urban population have disproportionate level of access to UGS. The environmental inequity owing to the varied UGS distribution poses a challenge to urban planners in efficient resource allocation. This study attempts to counter this challenge using a novel remote sensing-based approach. The variations in UGS distribution (in terms of quantity, quality and accessibility) across the neighbourhoods in Mumbai vis-à-vis the socio-economic status (SES) of neighbourhood residents are assessed using remote sensing-based indicators. Further, as these indicators are susceptible to the effect of changing scales, a multi-scale approach is adopted to study the potential variations in the relationship between SES and spatial metrics of UGS with spatial resolution. The neighbourhood SES was assessed using the newly developed Socio-Economic Status Index (SESI) and the neighbourhoods were classified into multiple SES categories. The UGS were extracted from remotely sensed data using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and their spatial distribution aspects were characterized using indicators at neighbourhood level. The variations in indicators of UGS distribution in the neighbourhoods belonging to different SES categories were analysed using a logistic regression model. The results showed that, while quantity of UGS is not statistically associated with neighbourhoods SES, the quality and accessibility aspects of UGS share a statistically significant relation with SES. Also, this relation was found to vary significantly with spatial resolutions. Further, it was found that the neighbourhoods with higher SES in Mumbai have a better access to green spaces, indicating spatial inequities in UGS distribution in Mumbai. This study has important implications for planning equitable green spaces in cities that are currently in urbanization transition.  相似文献   

基于陆海统筹的海岸带"三生空间"分区体系研究          下载免费PDF全文

胡恒  黄潘阳  张蒙蒙 《海洋开发与管理》2020,37(5):14-18

随着经济社会的快速发展，海岸带区域生产、生活等活动逐渐增多，开发程度不断提高，给海岸带区域的各种资源和环境造成极大压力。党的“十八大”以来，将优化国土空间开发格局作为生态文明建设的首要举措，对国土空间开发利用保护提出新要求。在此基础上，文章从海陆统筹的角度按照《国民经济行业分类》和《海洋及相关产业分类》，根据系统性、复合性、兼顾性、前瞻性4个原则，提出了一套包括3个大类、9个二级类、33个三级类的海岸带空间分类体系，并且与土地利用现状分类及海域使用分类进行了较好的衔接，以期为有关规划提供参考借鉴。  相似文献   

The right to move: informal use rights and urban practices of mobility     

Joseph Pierce  Mary Lawhon 《Urban geography》2018,39(5):667-686

Everyday urban practices are enabled by both formal and informal rights regimes. Researchers often focus on the effects of formal rights; informal rights to use urban spaces have been less widely examined, particularly in North America. This article examines practices of intra-urban mobility in a gentrifying area of Portland, Oregon. We find that rights regimes regarding movement in urban space importantly shape who uses particular transit strategies and infrastructures. Specifically, we identify rights regimes rooted in explications of a city ideal and a neighborhood ethic. We suggest that Portland’s widely admired transit planning process has not sufficiently engaged with informal use rights in transit spaces, leading to uneven adoption of a transportation infrastructure that re-inscribes historic racialized injustices. An examination of informal use rights complicates common rights analytics, including those leveraging Lefebvre’s right to the city, emphasizing how all urban rights are contingent, contested and negotiated.  相似文献   

Assessing hazardous waste transport risks using a GIS     

Julii Brainard  Andrew Lovett  Julian Parfitt 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(7):831-849

Abstract

The transport phase is an often neglected element in the risk assessment of non-nuclear hazardous waste life cycles. Data on special and hazardous waste movements are difficult to acquire, but information collected by the London Waste Regulation Authority during the 1980s gives details of waste consignments from cradle to grave, including U.K. grid references for waste producer and disposal sites. A GIS was used to model the routing of aqueous waste cargoes and assess the potential impacts of such movements. Deficiencies in the consignment records required many assumptions to be made and various scenarios were explored. Roads predicted to see passage of these wastes, together with the estimated levels of tanker traffic, were integrated with the distribution of population, groundwater vulnerability and accident probabilities to evaluate the transportation risks for different localities. Comparisons and evaluations of the implications of different routing scenarios across the study region were made.  相似文献