中国城市生产、生活、生态空间质量水平格局与相关因素分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

刘鹏飞  孙斌栋 《地理研究》2020,39(1):13-24

城市作为人口集聚和社会经济活动的主要载体,也是生产、生活、生态空间的矛盾集中地。本文在城市“三生”空间优化理论框架指导下,构建了城市“三生”空间优化评估指标体系与评估模型,分析2015年中国289个地级及以上城市的“三生”空间质量水平的总体特征和空间分布规律。结果表明：城市“三生”空间质量指数总体处于较低水平,空间格局上从东南沿海向西部和东北地区递减;东北地区的生产空间质量塌陷尤为明显,西部地区生活空间质量堪忧,生态空间质量则与地方的自然生态条件和污染治理相关;生产和生活空间优化之间相辅相成,但不乏城市生产和生态空间质量反差较大;“三生”空间质量水平与人口规模、行政等级之间呈倒U型相关,即规模在1000万~1500万间的城市更利于实现“三生”空间优化,城市“三生”空间质量水平与人均GDP正向相关,职能综合城市和城市群地区城市“三生”空间质量水平更高。  相似文献   

基于变异函数的多波束抽稀间距确定方法     

张志伟  肖付民  夏伟  李浩 《海洋测绘》2013,33(1):43-45

在格网化抽稀方法中,抽稀间距的选取直接影响多波束测深数据抽稀结果和构建海底地形的表征能力。为了合理确定多波束测深数据抽稀间距,将地质统计学中的变异函数理论引入到多波束测深数据抽稀中,由水深变异函数估计海底DEM的精度,得出海底DEM精度与抽稀间距的关系。通过仿真计算表明:如果给定海底DEM的精度,再依据计算得到的拟合水深变异函数参数值,即可确定多波束测深数据抽稀网格间距的大小,该法适用于多波束测深数据抽稀的应用中。  相似文献   

概率扩张与概率赋范空间中非线性方程的解     

张敏先 《成都信息工程学院学报》1996,(3)

给出了概率扩张的定义，并研究了概率赋范空间中非线性方程解的存在性和唯一性  相似文献   

Mortar Upscaling for Multiphase Flow in Porous Media   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Małgorzata Peszyńska  Mary F. Wheeler  Ivan Yotov 《Computational Geosciences》2002,6(1):73-100

In mortar space upscaling methods, a reservoir is decomposed into a series of subdomains (blocks) in which independently constructed numerical grids and possibly different physical models and discretization techniques can be employed in each block. Physically meaningful matching conditions are imposed on block interfaces in a numerically stable and accurate way using mortar finite element spaces. Coarse mortar grids and fine subdomain grids provide two-scale approximations. In the resulting effective solution flow is computed in subdomains on the fine scale while fluxes are matched on the coarse scale. In addition the flexibility to vary adaptively the number of interface degrees of freedom leads to more accurate multiscale approximations. This methodology has been implemented in the Center for Subsurface Modeling's multiphysics multiblock simulator IPARS (Integrated Parallel Accurate reservoir Simulator). Computational experiments demonstrate that this approach is scalable in parallel and it can be applied to non-matching grids across the interface, multinumerics and multiphysics models, and mortar adaptivity. Moreover unlike most upscaling approaches the underlying systems can be treated fully implicitly.  相似文献   

FRIENDS OR FOE? INVASIVE SPECIES AND PUBLIC GREEN SPACE IN TORONTO     

JENNIFER FOSTER  L. ANDERS SANDBERG 《Geographical review》2004,94(2):178-198

ABSTRACT. Environmentalists and ecologists typically regard invasive species as ecologically detrimental and undesirable. Although the ecological impacts of invasive species are well documented, less attention has been devoted to the sociocultural contexts guiding responses to species invasion. In this study the roles of invasive species are reconsidered through three prominent green spaces in Toronto, Canada: the Don Valley Brick Works, High Park, and the Leslie Street Spit. The case studies challenge popular negative assumptions about invasive species and suggest that they can serve important functions both for local ecosystems and for human communities. The case studies also provide lessons on the tension between and within different environmental imaginaries informing invasive species management. Invasives are often compatible with recreational interests, whereas naturalization efforts are ecologically sensitive and costly. Invasives can help restore human‐made wastelands, and naturalization efforts often benefit wealthy rather than poor neighborhoods.  相似文献   

Transnational ruptures and sutures: questions of identity and social relations among Guatemalans in Canada     

Catherine L. Nolin 《GeoJournal》2002,56(1):59-67

This article examines the ruptures and sutures of Guatemalan refugee transnationalism in the context of settlement in southern Ontario, Canada in the 1980s and 1990s. Political violence became deeply imbedded in `community' relations and subsequently ruptured the social fabric of Guatemala. Through the optic of transnationalism, this research examines the ways in which Guatemalans in Canada work to transform, rely on, and create new primary social relations that stretch across borders when face-to-face `community' connections are no longer possible. Transnational ruptures rather than transnational flows are evident due to varying legal status, the continuing instability, impunity, and insecurity associated with living conditions in Guatemala. Ruptures are reinforced by low income levels (in both countries) leading to lack of communication, and the physical distance between the two countries that inhibits regular travel. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

中国农村空间商品化与乡村重构及其研究展望   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

樊立惠  王鹏飞  王成  范艺娜 《地理科学》2019,39(2):316-324

基于已有文献,采用定量与定性相结合的分析方法讨论农村空间商品化与乡村重构之间的关联。借助CiteSpaceⅤ软件可视化分析发现乡村重构研究热点趋于多样化、分散化。“乡村旅游”作为乡村重构的实现路径之一,同时也是农村空间商品化的重点研究对象。梳理二者的研究框架,得出农村空间商品化研究从属于乡村重构研究框架,且突出概括农村经济重构过程。农村空间商品化是乡村重构实现的有效途径,乡村重构得益于农村空间商品化的推动等结论。  相似文献   

MAKING SUSTAINABLE CREATIVE/CULTURAL SPACE IN SHANGHAI AND SINGAPORE*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LILY KONG 《Geographical review》2009,99(1):1-22

ABSTRACT. Shanghai and Singapore are two economically vibrant Asian cities that have recently adopted creative/cultural economy strategies. In this article I examine new spatial expressions of cultural and economic interests in the two cities: state‐vaunted cultural edifices and organically evolved cultural spaces. I discuss the simultaneous precariousness and sustainability of these spaces, focusing on Shanghai's Grand Theatre and Moganshan Lu and on Singapore's Esplanade—Theatres by the Bay and Wessex Estate. Their cultural sustainability is understood as their ability to support the development of indigenous content and local idioms in artistic work. Their social sustainability is examined in terms of the social inclusion and community bonds they engender; environmental sustainability refers to the articulation with the language of existing urban forms and the preservation of or improvements to the landscape. Although both Shanghai and Singapore demonstrate simultaneous precariousness and sustainability, Singapore's city‐state status places greater pressure on it to ensure sustainability than does Shanghai, within a much larger China in which Beijing serves as the cultural hearth while Shanghai remains essentially a commercial center.  相似文献   

Frictional contact of laminated elastic half‐spaces allowing interface cavities. Part 1: Analytical treatment     

A. A. Kryshtafovych  S. J. Matysiak 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2001,25(11):1077-1088

The paper deals with the plane problem on frictional contact of stratified elastic half‐spaces provided discontinuity of their direct touch. Imperfectness of contact of the bodies is assumed to be caused by surface unevenness of their surface layers. The problem is formulated within the framework of the homogenized model with microlocal parameters. Using the method of complex potentials in combination with the method of interface gaps the problem is reduced to a singular integral equation on the function of interface gap height. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Migration and gender identity among Chinese skilled male migrants to Australia     

Ray Hibbins 《Geoforum》2005,36(2):167-180

This paper reports on a study of the effects of migration on constructions of masculinities among Chinese skilled male migrants to Australia over the past 50 years. Data were collected in in-depth, semi-structured interviews of a sample of 40 Chinese male migrants in Brisbane city. The respondents came from a variety of countries of origin and varied in marital status, sexuality, age and previous migration experiences as well as duration of settlement in Australia. Because of an immigration policy based on a points system for measuring skill potential among migrants, these informants were of middle to upper-middle socio-economic status. Core ideas which emerged from the study included: Chineseness; insularity; the centrality of family, kin and friendship networks; Chinese males in the workplace; the division of labour in the household; employment and the fears of unemployment. These Chinese skilled male migrants displayed qualities of hegemonic masculinity in their households where traditional Chinese division of labour persisted. The markers of masculinity included: centrality of work and education; being a successful provider and protector; the accumulation of wealth and power. Unlike local hegemonic variants of masculinity these males placed little emphasis on sport, sexual prowess and performance and alcohol consumption. There were no ambitions among this sample of males to model local variants of masculinities, however gay males in the sample while experiencing marginalisation, racism and homophobic behaviour at the hands of local hegemonically masculine males, were more like the local dominant males in terms of an emphasis on sexual performance and preferences for well-muscled and fit bodies. Gay males in the Chinese sample found it necessary to restrict their social circles and physical locales. This Australian study has demonstrated the importance of the cultural sensitivity of concepts in doing comparative studies, and of considering sexuality as a dimension of identity in migration research that seems to assume a heteronormativity in its samples.  相似文献