On the Structure of Small-Scale Motion in the Core of the Earth     

P.A. Davidson  F. Siso-Nadal 《地球物理与天体物理流体动力学》2013,107(1):49-76

In 1996, St Pierre (1996) reported numerical simulations of a buoyant blob migrating across the earth's outer core and subject to the combined effects of rotation and an azimuthal magnetic field. He noted that the blob rapidly fragments into a series of plate-like structures. Quite independently, Davidson (1995, 1997) discovered a similar behaviour in the context of low- R m turbulence (without a Coriolis force) and showed that this phenomenon has its roots in the destruction of angular momentum by the Lorentz force. The purpose of this paper is to pull together these earlier studies and, in particular, to determine whether or not St. Pierre's platelets are also a consequence of the destruction of angular momentum. We confirm that this is indeed the case.  相似文献   

贝叶斯算法在拟合自由核章动参数中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

崔小明  孙和平  S Rosat  徐建桥  周江存  陈晓东 《地球物理学报》2013,56(1):53-59

用高精度重力技术检测地球自由核章动(FCN)参数(包括周期和Q值等)的难点是资料观测信噪比低,传统的方法是使用最小二乘拟合,但是获得的FCN共振参数精度不理想.本文利用武汉国际潮汐基准站高精度超导重力仪和全球超导重力仪观测的时变重力资料,根据贝叶斯算法拟合地球自由核章动(FCN)参数.我们将贝叶斯拟合方法与传统最小二乘法实施了对比分析,研究了不同台站资料差异.讨论了潮波选择和不同海潮模型等因素对FCN参数的影响.结果表明用贝叶斯算法获得的FCN品质因子与空间大地测量VLBI结果吻合的更好,这说明贝叶斯算法可靠性高,为研究地球深内部构造参数(核幔边界粘滞系数等)提供了有效依据.  相似文献   

东海内陆架陆源物质矿物组成对粒度和地球化学成分的制约   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

徐方建  李安春  万世明  刘建国  徐兆凯  肖尚斌  王金丽 《地球科学》2009,34(4):613-622

通过对东海内陆架EC2005孔柱状沉积物陆源矿物、粒度及地球化学成分分析, 尝试探讨三者之间的制约关系.该孔柱状沉积物主要矿物成分为粘土矿物、石英以及长石.石英和长石含量控制着平均粒径的大小.矿物含量与化学成分含量表现出较好的相关性, 体现了矿物对地球化学成分的控制.沉积物中各种矿物颗粒的大小差别造成了沉积物粒度的差异, 矿物间化学组分的不同是影响沉积物化学成分含量的主要因素, 其往往通过粒度组成间接地表现出来, 这就造成了“元素的粒度控制”表面现象, 实质上是矿物的种类和含量对粒度和地球化学成分起控制作用.   相似文献   

Intact Polar and Core Tetraether Lipids in Sediments from the Haiyang 4 Cold-seep of the Northern South China Sea and their Implications     

LI Yuejiao  SU Xin  JIAO Lu  CHEN Fang  CHENG Sihai 《《地质学报》英文版》2022,96(2):691-700

A number of cold seeps have been discovered in the northern South China Sea (SCS) including the Haiyang 4 cold-seep area where Core 973-5 was collected. Intact polar lipids (IPLs) and core lipids (CLs) were analyzed separately in sediments from Core 973-5. The most abundant lipid biomarkers were isoprenoidal GDGTs (isoGDGTs), with Crenarchaeol and GDGT-0 predominating. IPL-isoGDGTs and CL-isoGDGTs were mainly derived from Thaumarchaeota. IPL-isoGDGTs were mainly produced and retained in situ thus containing most of the in situ microbiological information. Branched GDGTs were predominantly derived from generated in marine production, and mixed with some terrestrial inputs. All IPLs groups presented a high value in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ). Furthermore, IPL and CL-MI, IPL-R0/4 showed the highest values within the SMTZ, while IPL and CL-R4/i had the lowest values at the SMTZ, suggesting that the contribution of Methanophila and methanogenic to GDGTs increased, while the contribution of ammonia-oxidizing Archaea to GDGTs decreased at the SMTZ.  相似文献   

霞浦No.1孔晚第四纪古气候因子的定量估算   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

陆继军 《台湾海峡》1995,14(1):32-39

本文使用孢粉图式、最优分割、对应分析和Q型聚类分析方法，将福建霞浦No.1孔的孢粉划分为8个孢粉组合带，并由此推论出8个植被演替阶段。依据对应分析结果和一系列热力学计算公式，本文估算了该孢粉所反映的古气候因子。它们包括年平均温度、相对温度、绝对湿度、水汽压、年蒸发量、干燥度、年降水量。并依据之些古气候因子，认为该孔孢粉反映的该地区晚第四纪古气侯有7个阶段。  相似文献   

Compressional origin of the Aegean Orogeny,Greece     

《地学前缘(英文版)》2022,13(2):101049

The Aegean Sea area is thought to be an actively extending back-arc region, north of the present day Hellenic volcanic arc and north-dipping subduction zone in the Eastern Mediterranean. The area shows extensive normal faulting, ductile ‘extensional’ shear zones and extensional S-C fabrics throughout the islands that have previously been related to regional Aegean extension associated with slab rollback on the Hellenic Subduction Zone. In this paper, we question this interpretation, and suggest the Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Aegean region is associated with a Late Cretaceous–Eocene NE-dipping subduction zone that was responsible for continent-continent collision between Eurasia and Adria-Apulia/Cyclades. Exhumation of eclogite and blueschist facies rocks in the Cyclades and kyanite-sillimanite grade gneisses in the Naxos core complex have pressures that are far greater than could be accounted for purely by lithospheric extension and isostatic uplift. We identify four stages of crustal shortening that affected the region prior to regional lithospheric extension, herein called the Aegean Orogeny. This orogeny followed a classic Wilson cycle from early ophiolite obduction (ca. 74 Ma) onto a previously passive continental margin, to attempted crustal subduction with HP eclogite and blueschist facies metamorphism (ca. 54–45 ?Ma), through crustal thickening and regional kyanite – sillimanite grade Barrovian-type metamorphism (ca. 22–14 ?Ma), to orogenic collapse (<14 ?Ma). At least three periods of ‘extensional’ fabrics relate to: (1) Exhumation of blueschists and eclogite facies rocks showing tight-isoclinal folds and top-NE, base-SW fabrics, recording return flow along a subduction channel in a compressional tectonic setting (ca. 50–35 ?Ma). (2) Extensional fabrics within the core complexes formed by exhumation of kyanite- and sillimanite gneisses showing thrust-related fabrics at the base and ‘extensional’ fabrics along the top (ca. 18.5–14 ?Ma). (3) Regional ductile-brittle ‘extensional’ fabrics and low-angle normal faulting related to the North Cycladic Detachment (NCD) and the South(West) Cycladic Detachment (WCD) during regional extension along the flanks of a major NW–SE anticlinal fold along the middle of the Cyclades. Major low-angle normal faults and ductile shear zones show symmetry about the area, with the NE chain of islands (Andros, Tinos, Mykonos, Ikaria) exposing the NE-dipping NCD with consistent top-NE ductile fabrics along 200 ?km of strike. In contrast, from the Greek mainland (Attica) along the SE chain of islands (Kea, Kythnos, Serifos) a SW-dipping low-angle normal fault and ductile shear zone, the WCD is inferred for at least 100 ?km along strike. Islands in the middle of the Cyclades show deeper structural levels including kyanite- and sillimanite-grade metamorphic core complexes (Naxos, Paros) as well as Variscan basement rocks (Naxos, Ios). The overall structure is an ~100 ?km wavelength NW–SE trending dome with low-angle extensional faults along each flank, dipping away from the anticline axis to the NE and SW. Many individual islands show post-extensional large-scale folding of the low-angle normal faults around the domes (Naxos, Paros, Ios, Sifnos) indicating a post-Miocene late phase of E–W shortening.  相似文献   

Growth behavior and resource potential evaluation of gas hydrate in core fractures in Qilian Mountain permafrost area,Qinghai-Tibet Plateau     

《China Geology》2023,6(2):208-215

The Qilian Mountain permafrost area located in the northern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a favorable place for natural gas hydrate formation and enrichment, due to its well-developed fractures and abundant gas sources. Understanding the formation and distribution of multi-component gas hydrates in fractures is crucial in accurately evaluating the hydrate reservoir resources in this area. The hydrate formation experiments were carried out using the core samples drilled from hydrate-bearing sediments in Qilian Mountain permafrost area and the multi-component gas with similar composition to natural gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost area. The formation and distribution characteristics of multi-component gas hydrates in core samples were observed in situ by X-ray Computed Tomography (X-CT) under high pressure and low temperature conditions. Results show that hydrates are mainly formed and distributed in the fractures with good connectivity. The ratios of volume of hydrates formed in fractures to the volume of fractures are about 96.8% and 60.67% in two different core samples. This indicates that the fracture surface may act as a favorable reaction site for hydrate formation in core samples. Based on the field geological data and the experimental results, it is preliminarily estimated that the inventory of methane stored in the fractured gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost area is about 8.67×10¹³ m³, with a resource abundance of 8.67×10⁸ m³/km². This study demonstrates the great resource potential of fractured gas hydrate and also provides a new way to further understand the prospect of natural gas hydrate and other oil and gas resources in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Characterisation of deformation and flow mechanics around porphyroclasts in a calcite marble ultramylonite by means of EBSD analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Michel Bestmann  David J. Prior  Bernhard Grasemann 《Tectonophysics》2006,413(3-4):185-200

This paper studies the flow heterogeneity around porphyroclasts associated with greenschist facies deformation of a calcite marble shear zone. Microstructural data from electron backscatter diffraction analyses (EBSD) are used to constrain the flow mechanics of this dominantly non-coaxial type of deformation. The microstructure of the undisturbed ultramylonite (grain-size range 5–100 μm, mean 40 μm) is interpreted to represent steady-state (time-independent) flow conditions with flow planes parallel to the shear zone boundary. Single calcite porphyroclasts (grain-size 1–3 mm) caused flow perturbation in the fine-grained marble ultramylonite. It is the shape, in particular, of these rigid porphyroclasts that controls their rotational behaviour during deformation and, therefore, the development of specific flow fabrics. The flow planes around elongated-rhomboidal, stable porphyroclasts change the orientation to become roughly parallel to the porphyroclast margin, whereas the geometry of flow planes around nearly equant, rotating porphyroclasts describes a δ-type flow pattern. We infer that to some extent decoupling at the clast–matrix interface has occurred to guarantee a stable orientation of elongated porphyroclasts, but was not sufficient to reduce the rotation rate of equant clasts to zero. According to the flow deflection, the general crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) with its single c-axis maximum perpendicular to the flow plane is rotated about an axis which is (sub)parallel to the kinematic rotation axis of the shear zone. Ultramylonite microstructures, CPOs and misorientation data are best explained by the dual operation of grain-size-insensitive (dislocation creep with recovery and recrystallization) and grain-size-sensitive (diffusion creep) mechanisms. The limited grain-size reduction around porphyroclasts suggests that the grain-size-insensitive mechanisms controlled rheology.  相似文献   

甘肃省岷县马坞金矿地质特征及找矿方向     

崔龙  刘满年 《陕西地质》2010,28(1):39-45

马坞金矿分布于岷-礼成矿带的东部,矿体产于中泥盆统浅变质碎屑岩中,受断裂破碎蚀变带的控制。围岩蚀变以中-低温热液蚀变为主,蚀变强度与金矿化强度呈正相关;矿区共圈定6条矿脉,沿走向及倾向具有尖灭再现、局部膨大缩小的特点,沿裂隙发育的矿脉金品位较高。  相似文献   

保山市清水河铜铅锌多金属矿外围找矿新思路     

何志魁  苏兰 《云南地质》2010,29(3):307-310

工作区1∶5万土壤化探Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag、Au等元素异常发育,重力梯度带也显示存在中型Cu、Pb、Zn硫化物中型矿床的可能。研究认为:背斜核地(双脉地带)有较大背景。  相似文献