Tertiary extension of continental crust and uplift of Psiloritis metamorphic core complex in the central part of the Hellenic Arc (Crete,Greece)     

Adamantios Kilias  Charalampos Fassoulas  Demosthenis Mountrakis 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1994,83(2):417-430

Kinematic analysis of the deformation in central Crete suggests that the structural evolution and exhumation of the high pressure/low temperature (HP/LT) rocks outcropping at the Mount Psiloritis metamorphic core complex are associated with a regional, Miocene, north-south extension and thinning of the continental crust. This tectonic regime developed under bulk coaxial strain conditions, with ductile deformation in the lower and brittle deformation in the upper crust, and followed, on the decompressional path, a north-south compression associated with a HP/LT metamorphism in the lower crust. This compressional event took place during Oligocene—Early Miocene and led to overthickening of the accretionary wedge in the Hellenic Arc. An east-west directed compression accompanied, in the final stages, the Miocene north-south extension of the continental crust.  相似文献   

北京及邻区现代微震重新定位及其构造含义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

汪素云  许忠淮  俞言祥  环文林 《中国地震》1995,11(3):222-230

本文采用Ｐｏｗｅｌｌ直接搜索定位方法对北京西北地区（３９°－４１°Ｎ，１１４°－１１７°Ｅ）１９７９—１９９２年３月发生的３４８个地震重新定位。通过震相到时的复核和补充、定位速度结构模型的修定以及定位程序的改进等措施，改善了定位效果。结果表明，重新定位后给出震源深度的地震数从原来的１３２个增至３１３个；定位结果均方根残差的均值从０．８０±０．４０ｓ降至０．４５±０．１８ｓ；各台Ｐ波到时残差下降；有近１０％的地震震中位置移动了１０ｋｍ以上，它们多位于北京地震遥测台网边缘地区。重新定位后的地震震中集中分布于怀安、宣化、怀来、琢鹿等山间盆地内部并与盆地边缘断裂有关。此外，地震还分布于山区和平原的交界地带。  相似文献   

大同盆地现今构造活动及地壳应力场特征   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

刘巍  孟雁英 《山西地震》1995,(1):7-13

大量震源机制结果推断出大同分轩现代地壳应力场和主压应力方向为ＮＥ－ＮＥＥ，仰角变化不定，主张应力方向为ＮＷ－ＮＮＷ，仰角很小的结论。这与区域构造应力场ＮＥ－ＮＥＥ向挤压作用的结果相符，另据大同一阳高６．１级、５．８级地震的震源机制结果得出，大同一阳高地震的孕震应力场与华北区域应力场相一致，而不是受本地局部小区域应力场的控制的结论。  相似文献   

华北地震场和源地壳形变前兆研究   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

何世海 《地震》1995,(3):199-207

文中用实测资料和构造物理学观点论证了华北中、强地震前孕震形变场(断层活动系统)的存在和它的运动学与力学机制,并用有限元法加以检验;讨论了形变场、源前兆之间的关系和它们的前兆特征;给出了可操作的剪切破裂指标S(t),用断层滑动速度和剪切应变速度较好地表达了某地的地震破裂危险性;最后,提出了华北形变场活动的长期稳定性和周期性(约12年)。  相似文献   

华北地区人工地震测深震相与地壳结构研究   总被引：27，自引：1，他引：27  

嘉世旭  刘昌铨 《地震地质》1995,17(2):97-105

主要讨论了华北地区人工地震测深中的４个（Ｐ＿ｇ，Ｐ＿ｃ，Ｐ＿ｍ，Ｐ＿ｎ）常规震相以及它所反映的构造和物性特征，这些震相反映了地壳上地幔不同层位的构造形态以及速度和速度梯度结构在纵横向的变化。还重点研究了华北地区的奇异震相以及反映在构造上的特殊性和重要意义，一些剖面局部区域的某些震相显示在视速度、振幅和出现区间等方面的异常，反映了该区域在构造上的特殊性，而这些特殊性往往与地震的孕育、发生以及矿产资源的潜在构造背景有着密切的关系  相似文献   

第四纪时期地壳块体相对运动的古地磁记录的初步研究─-以陇西和鄂尔多斯块体相对运动为例   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘爱国  卢演俦  丁国瑜 《地震地质》1995,17(4):397

为了探讨用古地磁方法确定第四纪时期地壳块体相对运动状况，选择了分别处于陇西块体和鄂尔多斯块体内的兰州九州台和陕西洛川两个黄土剖面作为实验对象。在这两个黄土剖面的４个相同年代的层位采集定向大样，作黄土沉积剩余磁化矢量测量，并用虚磁极法拟合，初步结果表明，约１１０万ａ来陇西块体相对于鄂尔多斯块体作顺时针旋转，其转动量达９．０±４．７°  相似文献   

则木河断裂的现今活动方式及其地形变鉴别标志探讨   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张崇立  任金卫 《地震地质》1995,17(4):427-431

根据地壳形变测量资料，探讨了则木河断裂的现今活动方式及其定性的地形变鉴别标志问题。结果表明：则木河断裂的现今活动具有明显的分段性特征，即以大箐为界分为南北两段，北段以粘滑活动为主，南段以蠕滑活动为主；沿则木河断裂带垂直位移速率空间分布特征的显著差异，可以作为鉴别断裂现今活动方式的标志之一，其位移速率的相对大小，可作为鉴别断裂现今活动方式的一种参考标志  相似文献   

1993年12月31日北黄海Ms4.5级地震的地倾斜异常分析     

李杰  王梅 《地震研究》1995,18(3):258-263

本文针对１９９３年９月中旬以来烟台石英倾斜仪ＳＮ向出现的短期异常运用实用化方法对观测数据进行了全面的分析处理。其结果给出，烟台石英倾斜仪异常与１９９３年１２月３１日０时２９分在东经１２２°４５’，北纬３８°１０’的Ｍｓ４．５级地震有关。  相似文献   

Graben width controlling syn-rift sedimentation: the Palaeogene southern Upper Rhine Graben as an example     

Sebastian Hinsken  Kamil Ustaszewski  Andreas Wetzel 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2007,96(6):979-1002

Eocene to Early Oligocene syn-rift deposits of the southern Upper Rhine Graben (URG) accumulated in restricted environments. Sedimentation was controlled by local clastic supply from the graben flanks, as well as by strong intra-basinal variations in accommodation space due to differential tectonic subsidence, that in turn led to pronounced lateral variations in depositional environment. Three large-scale cycles of intensified evaporite sedimentation were interrupted by temporary changes towards brackish or freshwater conditions. They form three major base level cycles that can be traced throughout the basin, each of them representing a stratigraphic sub-unit. A relatively constant amount of horizontal extension (ΔL) in the range of 4–5 km has been estimated for the URG from numerous cross-sections. The width of the rift (L _f ), however, varies between 35 and more than 60 km, resulting in a variable crustal stretching factor between the bounding masterfaults. Apart from block tilting, tectonic subsidence was, therefore, largely controlled by changes in the initial rift width (L ₀). The along-strike variations of the graben width are responsible for the development of a deep, trough-like evaporite basin (Potash Basin) in the narrowest part of the southern URG, adjacent to shallow areas in the wider parts of the rift such as the Colmar Swell in the north and the Rhine Bresse Transfer Zone that delimits the URG to the south. Under a constant amount of extension, the along-strike variation in rift width is the principal factor controlling depo-centre development in extensional basins.  相似文献   

∼3,850 Ma tonalites in the Nuuk region,Greenland: geochemistry and their reworking within an Eoarchaean gneiss complex     

Allen P. Nutman  Vickie C. Bennett  Clark R. L. Friend  Kenji Horie  Hiroshi Hidaka 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2007,154(4):385-408

The Eoarchaean (>3,600 Ma) Itsaq Gneiss Complex of southern West Greenland is dominated by polyphase orthogneisses with a complex Archaean tectonothermal history. Some of the orthogneisses have c. 3,850 Ma zircons, and they vary from rare single phase metatonalites to more common complexly banded migmatites. This is due to heterogeneous strain, in situ anatexis and granitic veining superimposed during younger tectonothermal events. In the single-phase tonalites with c. 3,850 Ma zircon, oscillatory-zoned prismatic zircon is all 3,850 Ma old, but shows patchy ancient loss of radiogenic Pb. SHRIMP spot analyses and laser ablation ICP-MS depth profiling show that thin (usually < 10 μm) younger (3,660–3,590 Ma and Neoarchaean) shells of lower Th/U metamorphic zircon are present on these 3,850 Ma zircons. Several samples with this simple zircon population occur on islands near Akilia. In contrast, migmatites usually contain more complex zircon populations, with often more than one generation of igneous zircon present. Additional zircon dating of banded gneisses across the Complex shows that samples with c. 3,850 Ma igneous zircon are not just a phenomenon restricted to Akilia and adjacent islands. For example, migmatites from Itilleq (c. 65 km from Akilia) contain variable amounts of oscillatory-zoned 3,850 Ma and 3,650 Ma zircon, interpreted, respectively, as the rock age and the time of crustal melting under Eoarchaean metamorphism. With only 110–140 ppm Zr in the tonalites and likely magmatic temperatures of >850°C, zircon solubility–melt composition relationships show that they were only one-third saturated in zircon. Any zircon entrained in the precursor magmas would thus have been highly soluble. Combined with the cathodoluminesence imaging, this demonstrates that the c. 3,850 Ma oscillatory zoned zircon crystallised out of the melt and hence gives a magmatic age. Thus the rare well-preserved tonalites and palaeosome in migmatites testify that c. 3,850 Ma quartzo–feldspathic rocks are a widespread (but probably minor) component in the Itsaq Gneiss Complex. C. 3,850 Ma zircon with negative Eu anomalies (showing growth in felsic systems) also occurs as detrital grains in rare c. 3,800 Ma metaquartzites and as inherited grains in some 3,660 Ma granites (sensu stricto). These demonstrate that still more c. 3,850 Ma rocks were present, but were recycled into Eoarchaean sediments and crustally derived granites. The major and trace element characteristics (e.g. LREE enrichment, HREE depletion, low MgO) of the best-preserved c. 3,850 Ma rocks are typical of Archaean TTG suites, and thus argue for crust formation processes involving important contributions from melting of hydrated mafic crust to the earliest Archaean. Five c. 3,850 Ma tonalites were selected as the best preserved on the basis of field criteria and zircon petrology. Four of these samples have overlapping initial ɛ_Nd (3,850 Ma) values from +2.9 to +3.6± 0.5, with the fourth having a slightly lower value of +0.6. These data provide additional evidence for a markedly LREE-depleted early terrestrial mantle reservoir. The role of c. 3,850 Ma crust should be considered in interpreting isotope signatures of the younger (3,800–3,600 Ma) rocks of the Itsaq Gneiss Complex. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献