哈罗铁路沿线沉积物粒度特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵明珠  俎瑞平  王军战  谭立海 《中国沙漠》2021,41(1):19-27

哈罗铁路开通对沿线资源的开发具有重要意义,然而自开通以来饱受风沙危害.对铁路沿线及防沙体系内沉积物粒度特征参数进行了对比分析,以期为该线风沙危害的科学防治提供有益参考.结果表明:(1)铁路沿线沉积物组成以中细沙为主,灌丛沙地分选性中等至很差,偏度以近对称为主,峰度中等至很窄;戈壁区沉积物整体分选性较差,偏度以极正偏为主...  相似文献   

包兰铁路沙坡头段不同编制结构的枝条阻沙栅栏防护效应风洞模拟     

康文岩  王立  屈建军  卢琴春 《中国沙漠》2020,40(2):94-99

对包兰铁路沙坡头段枝条阻沙栅栏流场结构进行风洞模拟试验。结果表明:气流在经过横向、竖向阻沙栅栏时均出现了明显的流速分区。气流在经过阻沙栅栏时速度会减弱,但是竖向枝条阻沙栅栏的综合阻风防沙效果明显优于横向阻沙栅栏,同时竖向枝条阻沙栅栏制作上具有工序简单、原材料广泛及不受枝条长度限制的特性,因此,在防沙治沙应用中,竖向枝条阻沙栅栏更适合推广。虽然孔隙度是阻沙栅栏设计的重要技术参数,但栅栏结构对风沙流场产生直接影响,是决定着其对风沙活动防护效应高低的关键因子。  相似文献   

敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线风动力环境特征     

鱼燕萍  张克存  安志山  张余 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):41-48

敦煌-格尔木铁路沿线地形复杂、起沙因素多变、沙源丰富,沙害问题日益严重。目前对其风沙活动规律还未有研究,不利于防沙工作的开展。为此,通过对自北向南的5个观测点（S1、S2、S3、S4、S5）风速和风向的观测、计算和分析,利用平均风速、起沙风况及输沙势对敦格铁路沿线的风动力环境特征进行研究。结果表明：S5、S4和S3的风况对铁路风沙灾害防治意义较大。S5年平均风速、起沙风频率和输沙势最大,春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一、风力强劲,风沙运动方向基本与铁路垂直,沙粒易在铁路附近堆积。S4夏季风沙活动最为强烈;S3春季风沙活动最为强烈,且风向单一,S4和S3的风沙运动方向与铁路夹角小于90°,附近沙源广阔,铁路易受风沙侵蚀,阻碍交通运营。  相似文献   

青藏铁路沿线不同类型挡沙墙阻沙率     

杨印海  薛春晓  石龙  李凯崇  孔令伟  张芳 《中国沙漠》2020,40(1):173-178

基于风洞试验对青藏铁路沿线不同类型防沙措施防沙效果进行模拟研究,探讨了不同类型挡沙墙的防沙效果。结果表明：挂板式、轨枕式和箱式挡沙墙输沙率随高度基本呈递增缓变型趋势,最大输沙率低于20%;铃铛式和高立式聚乙烯（PE）网挡沙墙随高度呈递减陡降型趋势,距地表6~8 cm处为转折点,转折点以上输沙率随高度增大急剧减小,转折点以下输沙率随高度变化较为平缓,最大输沙率低于50%。随着风速的增大,各挡沙墙的阻沙率呈递减趋势：挂板式和轨枕式挡沙墙对风速的敏感性最弱,整体阻沙效果较优,可大范围推广;箱式挡沙墙对风速的敏感性较弱,建议在风速18 m·s^-1以下的地区使用;PE网挡沙墙防沙效果对风速的敏感性最强,建议在风速10 m·s^-1以下的地区使用。  相似文献   

青藏铁路旅游线气候适宜性分析   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13  

长安  葛全胜  方修琦  席建超 《地理研究》2007,26(3):533-540

本文利用10个气象站1991~2000年的气象观测数据,对青藏铁路旅游线的气候适宜性进行了评价。评价内容包括:生物气温指标、紫外辐射强度、大气含氧量以及障碍性天气等。得出如下结论:总的来看,青藏铁路沿线地区相对舒适的旅游气候条件集中出现于5~9月。该时段,生理气温舒适凉爽,空气含氧量比例较高,无炎热或热日,大风天气出现少。但是,紫外辐射较强,雷暴及冰雹出现的频率较高。旅游适宜期与适宜时段随海拔高度的上升而逐步缩短。位于铁路线两端的西宁、拉萨等地区的旅游气候条件最优,全年均较适宜旅游;五道梁、沱沱河、安多等高海拔地区的旅游适宜期较短,冬季的严寒和夏季(6、7月)的强紫外辐射对这些地区户外旅游活动的限制较大。  相似文献   

试论西藏当雄-羊八井活动构造带的基本特征及其对青藏铁路安全运营的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

冯向阳 《地球学报》2007,28(2):173-180

青藏铁路横穿处于强构造活动区和高寒环境的青藏高原,具有复杂的工程地质条件,不仅发育冻土和融冻灾害,而且穿越不同性质的活动断裂.本文分析了铁路经过的当雄-羊八井活动构造带的基本特征,讨论了其对铁路可能产生的严重影响.铁路的开通是工程建设的巨大成就,但是否真正解决了这些地质难题,还有待铁路长期运营的实践和考验.  相似文献   

An organizational model and border port hinterlands for the China-Europe Railway Express   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Jiaoe Wang  Jingjuan Jiao  Li Ma 《地理学报(英文版)》2018,28(9):1275-1287

Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The “China-Europe Railway Express” (CER Express) mode of transport organization links China with Europe by fast-track cargo rail. A major instance of facilities connectivity related to this project is an important practical and symbolic instance of BRI transport cooperation. The strategic significance of the CER Express and a number of operational issues are outlined, as are the implications of limited market potential for costs and competitiveness. A “hub-and-spoke” organizational model that can generate scale economies and reduce costs is proposed. To examine the establishment of an organizational model of this kind, the economic hinterlands of Alashankou, Erenhot, and Manzhouli are identified under high-, mediumand low-cost scenarios using an analytical methodology that determines distance and economic costs, and a number of transport hubs (that include Harbin, Zhengzhou, and Lanzhou) are identified. The results found that the cost of the routes from 314 Chinese cities to Moscow is the lowest via Manzhouli in the high- and medium-cost scenarios, but the routes change via Erenhot in the low-cost scenario. A number of policy recommendations should follow up.  相似文献   

多年冻土地区路堤路堑过渡方式试验研究     

刘建坤  韩小刚  刘争平  葛建军 《冰川冻土》2008,30(1):153-156

提出了多年冻土地区路堤、路堑过渡段的结构形式: 为保护路基下面多年冻土,在整个过渡段在暖季到来之前铺设保温材料;为了减少地表水的影响,在路肩线以下设置了复合土工膜防渗层;为了保证过渡段低于临界高度部分路基的稳定,对基底进行了换填; 为了增加稳定性,在开挖地段设置了台阶并开展了现场实体试验.对采用此过渡形式的青藏铁路北麓河路堤路堑过渡段进行了现场观测和分析,验证了其适应性.  相似文献   

PROMOTIONAL IMAGERY OF GLACIER NATIONAL PARK*     

WILLIAM WYCKOFF  LARY M. DILSAVER 《Geographical review》1997,87(1):1-26

ABSTRACT. The Great Northern Railway vigorously encouraged visitation to Glacier National Park between 1911 and 1930. We reconstruct the railway's promotional imagery of Glacier through an assessment of 796 photographs used by the company to publicize park landscapes and activities. Seven themes in the photographs—Native Americans, scenery, recreation, wildlife, the Wild West, park management, and personalities—reveal a useful portrait of how Glacier National Park was marketed with images of the American West mass distributed for decades by one of the nation's most influential corporations.  相似文献   

Long-term thermal stability study of the typical embankment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in warm permafrost regions北大核心CSCD     

徐岳震  申明德  周志伟  马巍  李国玉 《冰川冻土》2022,44(6):1784-1795

Using the long-term ground temperature monitoring data of the permafrost zone along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from 2006 to 2020,three types of typical roadbed structures were analyzed. Traditional embankment（TE）,U-shaped crushed rock embankment（UCRE）and crushed rock revetment embankment（CRRE）were included the three types of typical roadbed,which were selected to the long-term monitoring sections within the warm permafrost zones. The evolution of ground temperature field,mean annual ground temperature （MAGT）and annual maximum ground temperature（AMGT）in the depth range of 20 m under the embankment were analyzed and studied since 15 years of operation. The monitoring and analysis results show that：the growth rate of MAGT under the left and right shoulders of the TE is always higher than that of the same depth in the natural site. The MAGT under the UCRE is always lower than the natural site and always maintains a certain difference,whereas,the difference in ground temperature under the left and right shoulders is also not negligible. The MAGT of the left shoulder in the CRRE is not much different from that of the natural hole,while the MAGT of the right shoulder is always lower than that of the natural hole,and the differ in ground temperature between the left and right shoulders is smaller than that of the UCRE. The artificial permafrost table（APT）under the TE is always lower than that of in the natural site. Both the UCRE and CRRE,the APT in the left and right shoulders of them has been elevated into the embankment,and the differ of APT between the left and right shoulders is about 1. 0~1. 5 m. the differ of APT between the left and right shoulders in the CRRE is slightly lower than that of UCRE. Overall,because of the influence of thermal disturbance about engineering and climate warming,the TE in the warm permafrost zones cannot keep the thermal stability of permafrost under the embankment. Some active-cooling and reinforcement measures need to be taken. Both of the UCRE and CRRE,have a certain active-cooling effect on the permafrost under embankment,but the differ in ground temperature between the left and right shoulders still needs to be taken seriously. © 2022 Science Press (China).  相似文献