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41.
地质图件及其附属资源（如描述文本）作为地质知识的重要存储媒介,蕴含着大量的地学知识及专家经验知识及隐式知识。快速精准地对多模态地质数据进行知识规范化定义、形式化表达、语义化关联和精准化推理是目前地学知识抽取及挖掘的前沿。当前,海量的地学数据中图件及附属描述信息知识分布零散,图件中的信息无法有效地与描述信息进行关联并提供知识服务。本文以多模态地质数据为数据源,建立了多源数据驱动下的地质图知识表达模型,通过地质基础知识、规则知识及决策知识来表达图件中蕴含的显隐式地质知识,从语义、空间、属性三个维度表示地质对象间的关系;并基于领域知识针对地质图件及描述信息开展了地质实体及关系的精准抽取及存储研究,最后以江西省于都县银坑幅G50E011007图幅150000矿产地质调查矢量数据为例进行了验证与分析,实验结果验证了本文所提出的知识表达模型及知识抽取方法, 能够较好地解决地质知识建模中图文关联弱、知识挖掘不充分等问题。 相似文献
42.
A new method, Bayesian Programming (BP), developed by Harrison [Harrison KW. Multi-stage decision-making under uncertainty and stochasticity: Bayesian Programming. Adv Water Resour, submitted for publication] is tested on a case study involving optimal adaptive management of a river basin. The case study considers anew the process of permitting pulp mills on the Athabasca River in Alberta, Canada. The problem has characteristics common to many environmental management problems. There is uncertainty in the water quality response to pollutant loadings that will not be completely resolved with monitoring and the resolution of this uncertainty is impeded by the stochastic behavior of the water quality system. A two-stage adaptive management process is optimized with BP. Based on monitoring data collected after implementation of the first-stage decision, the uncertainties are updated prior to the second decision stage using Bayesian analysis. The worth of this two-stage adaptive management approach to this problem and the worth of monitoring are evaluated. Conclusions are drawn on the general practicality of BP for adaptive management. Potential strategies are outlined for extending the BP approach to secure further benefits of adaptive management. 相似文献
43.
Public participation in decision-making about development has many benefits especially in the coastal zone and in the near-shore marine environment. This research expands the discussion of public involvement in decisions about marine resource use by examining public participation in environmental impact assessment as relevant for offshore renewable energy facilities. A review of empirical and theoretical research supports the development of a framework for further analysis. The framework consists of five main features: (1) effective communication, (2) broad-based inclusion, (3) prioritization, (4) early three-way learning, and (5) alternatives analysis. The paper's concluding sections explore the relevance of such a framework and indicate possible applications. 相似文献
44.
Saskia Hommes Suzanne J.M.H. Hulscher Jan P.M. Mulder Henriëtte S. Otter Hans Th.A. Bressers 《Marine Policy》2009
The Dutch government wants to expand Mainport Rotterdam, one of the largest ports in the world, by land reclamation in the North Sea. This may affect the Wadden Sea, a unique wetlands area protected by the European Bird and Habitat Directives. To assess the impact of the port extension on the Wadden Sea, an Appropriate Assessment procedure was carried out. We investigated how stakeholders’ perceptions were dealt with and how knowledge was used in this decision-making process. Our findings form an argument for practitioners in marine and coastal management to choose a process-oriented approach to deal with complex issues. 相似文献
45.
Public participation is a key ingredient of good governance and there are many advantages of involving stakeholders in the decision-making process. The European Commission identified the lack of stakeholder involvement as one of the major weaknesses of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP). As such, the 2002 Reform of the CFP aimed to improve its system of governance by increasing the involvement of stakeholders in decision-making. Over the last decade, Scottish inshore waters have seen an increase in management measures focused on involving fishers, delegating responsibilities and decentralizing management. The present document investigates commercial inshore fishers’ perceptions of participation in the decision-making process and attitudes towards a new management regime – the Inshore Fisheries Groups (IFGs) – which aims to increase participation in and decentralization of inshore fisheries management. A survey was conducted, through face-to-face interviews, and ordered logistic and multiple regression models created to identify which characteristics influence fishers’ perceptions and attitudes. The present analysis concluded that, 5 years subsequent to the reform of the CFP, the majority of inshore fishers perceive themselves not to be consulted or involved in the decision-making process. However, and despite the fact that fishers are not completely certain of the potential of the IFGs to increase their participation in the management process, they have an overall positive attitude towards their implementation. 相似文献