吉林伊通-大屯地区晚中生代-新生代玄武岩的地球化学特征及其意义   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：12  

张辉煌  徐义刚  葛文春  马金龙 《岩石学报》2006,22(6):1579-1596

吉林伊通-大屯地区有长达80Ma的火山喷发历史,为探讨该区深部地质演化提供了条件。从晚白垩长春大屯火山(92．5±0．5Ma)到伊舒地堑内第三纪伊通火山群(31Ma、9～15Ma),玄武岩碱性逐渐增强,Dy/Yb比值逐渐升高,根据地幔动态熔融模型计算获得的玄武岩最终形成深度由约50km变深至110km。根据岩石圈盖效应推测该区晚白垩纪以来岩石圈厚度逐渐增厚。伊通第三纪碱性玄武岩显示了均一的地球化学组成;类似洋岛玄武岩(OIB)的微量元素分配模式和Nb/U比值,以及低(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i、正ε_(Nd)(t)同位素特征暗示它主要来源于软流圈。与第三纪碱性玄武岩相比,晚白垩大屯拉斑玄武岩具有相对偏高的Ni、Cr和Sc,高Ba/Th、Rb/Nb、Ba/Nb比值,高(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_i和低(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_i。这些特征可能与软流圈熔体与古老富集地幔之间的相互反应有关。伊通-大屯玄武岩的演化特征反映了岩石圈在板内岩浆作用中所担当的不同角色:第三纪时,岩石圈并没有在物质上直接参与岩浆作用,但岩石圈对上涌软流圈起到了机械阻挡作用;而在晚白垩岩浆作用中,岩石圈的间接和直接作用都得到了体现。  相似文献   

中国大陆科学钻探CCSD-PP3钻孔地幔岩的尖晶石相部分熔融证据   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

陈世忠  杨经绥张仲明 《岩石学报》2006,22(11):2815-2824

CCSD PP3超镁铁岩表现为高 Mg 和 Cr,低 Ca 和 Al 特征,是中国东部和超高压变质带上极其罕见的亏损地幔岩,通过地球化学和矿物学和 Re-Os 同位素研究发现岩石来自古元古代岩石圈地幔,并在地幔浅部尖晶石相条件下发生部分熔融,最近一次部分熔融作用发生在中-晚元古代,后经岩石圈厚度加大、拆沉或深俯冲过程,岩石转变为石榴石橄榄岩。  相似文献   

西藏西南部达巴-休古嘎布蛇绿岩带中地幔橄榄岩的成因   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

徐德明  黄圭成  黄陵勤  雷义均  李丽娟 《华南地质与矿产》2006,(3):10-18

本文报道了西藏西南部达巴-休古嘎布蛇绿岩带中橄榄岩的矿物化学资料.橄榄岩中主要造岩矿物化学成分的分析研究表明,该区橄榄岩为残余地幔成因,但它们不是地幔简单熔化的残余物.尖晶石中Cr#及辉石中Ti的广泛变化表明它们具有复杂的熔融历史及地幔交代作用的印记,其形成过程可能经历了两种构造环境的转变.早期在MORB环境下形成低Cr#(尖晶石)橄榄岩;其后由于洋内俯冲作用,早先形成的低熔橄榄岩被消减到岛弧之下再度发生熔融形成高Cr#(尖晶石)橄榄岩.从而,在古大洋消失之后形成的碰撞带上同时保存了MORB型和SSZ型两类蛇绿岩.  相似文献   

冈底斯中段达布埃达克质含矿斑岩增厚下地壳熔融与斑岩铜钼矿成因     

《地质科技情报》2007,26(4):19-26

  相似文献   

塔里木板块东北部柳园粗面玄武岩带：软流圈地幔减压熔融的产物   总被引：4，自引：6，他引：4  

姜常义  夏明哲余旭 逯东霞魏巍  叶书锋 《岩石学报》2007,23(7):1765-1778

在塔里木东北部,甘肃省西部敦煌市柳园镇南侧,有一条近东西向展布的粗面玄武岩带,长度约150km,宽度达10km,厚度为1900m。这条粗面石玄武岩带属下二叠统哲斯群,岩浆喷发方式以裂隙式溢流为主,枕状构造特别发育。在玄武岩层间夹有很薄的酸性凝灰岩和沉凝灰岩层,属典型的双峰式火山岩组合。按照岩石化学组成的 TAS 分类命名,主要岩石类型为玄武岩、夏威夷岩和橄榄粗安岩。主要造岩矿物为钠长石(Ab 91～100)和普通辉石。普通辉石斑晶、钠长石斑晶和部分基质中的钠长石具有中空结构,并被层状硅酸盐微晶充填。这些岩石基本属碱性玄武岩系列和过渡型系列,大部分属演化的岩浆。演化程度较低的样品具有轻稀土元素亏损型配分曲线,微量元素地球化学具有 MORB 亲和性,ε_(Nd)(t)= 10.14～10.89。玄武质岩浆与陆壳物质之间有较轻的同化混染作用。普通辉石、铁钛氧化物的分离结晶作用是岩浆演化的主要机制。玄武质岩浆源区属于软流圈地幔,部分熔融发生于尖晶石稳定域,是软流圈地幔减压(上涌)熔融的产物。  相似文献   

青藏高原新生代火车头山碱性及钙碱性两套火山岩的地球化学特征及其物源讨论   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3  

赖绍聪秦江锋  李永飞隆平 《岩石学报》2007,23(4):709-718

藏北羌塘火车头山新生代火山岩可区分为钙碱性及碱性两个不同的系列。钙碱性火山岩主要岩石组合为玄武岩-安山岩-英安岩,其SiO_2介于49%～70%之间,Al_2O_3>10%,Na_2O/K_2O>1;其中玄武岩具平坦型稀土配分型式,LREE/HREE为1.3～1.8,(La/Yb)_N为2.87～4.45,无明显铕异常,δEu为0.96～1.09;该套岩石的Mg~#与SiO_2相关关系以及La/sm-La等亲岩浆元素与超亲岩浆元素协变关系表明,它们应为幔源岩浆经分离结晶演化的产物,其岩石组合类型以及低的Sm/Yb值(Sm/Yb=1.53～5.35)表明它们的原始岩浆应来源于岩石圈地幔尖晶石二辉橄榄岩的局部熔融。本区碱性火山岩为一套典型的钾质岩石系列,主要岩石组合类型为碱玄岩-碱玄质响岩-响岩,其SiO_2介于44%～59%之间,Al_2O_3>14%,Na_2O/K_2O介于0.47～1.51之间;岩石轻稀土强烈富集,LREE/HREE为13.20～15.76,(La/Yb)_N=50.44～91.99;其岩石组合类型以及Mg~#与SiO_2相关关系以及La/Sm-La协变关系同样表明它们为共源岩浆分离结晶演化的产物;然而,其较高的Sm/Yb值(Sm/ Yb=2.63～13.98)表明它们并非地幔橄榄岩直接局部熔融的产物,岩石弱的负Eu异常(δEu=0.77～0.85)以及Th、U的强烈富集和Nb、Ta的相对亏损,又反映了原始岩浆中有显著的地壳物质的贡献;该套钾质碱性系列岩石在La/Co-Th/Co同分母协变图上呈直线型分布,而在La/Co-Sc/Th异分母协变图上呈显著的双曲线分布,从而表明其源区为二源混合型,是青藏高原特殊的壳幔混合层局部熔融的产物,这些特征是新生代青藏高原壳幔层圈物质交换的重要岩石学证据。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of the Pliocene basalts erupted along the Malatya-Ovacik fault zone (MOFZ), eastern Anatolia, Turkey: Implications for source characteristics and partial melting processes     

Taner Ekici  Musa Alpaslan  Osman Parlak  Abidin Temel 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2007,67(3):201-212

The study area is located on the middle sector of the Malatya-Ovacık Fault Zone (MOFZ) in the eastern Anatolia. Four basaltic flows from bottom to top, which are tholeiitic in character and intercalated with Pliocene sedimentary rocks, were erupted along this fault zone. Chemical compositions of these flows reveal some differences between the first flow and others in terms of high-field strength elements (HFSEs) (e.g. Ti, Zr, Nb). Limited variations in compositions within the first flow and upper flows suggest a limited fractionation range. Trace-element patterns exhibit that all the flows have similar and OIB-like patterns without positive peak at Pb and a trough at Nb—Ta, indicating minimal or no crustal contribution. Rare-earth element (REE) patterns indicate that the first flow has flat patterns with negative Eu anomaly, whereas the upper flows have variable enrichments in LREE and depletions in HREE. La/Sm_N, Dy/Yb_N and Zr/Y ratios exhibit that the degree of partial melting decreases from the first flow to upper flows. Higher values of La/Yb_N ratio for the upper flows and depletions at Y and Yb on the trace-element patterns suggest the presence of garnet as a residual phase, which imply that the depth of partial melting took place solely in the garnet-stability field. OIB-like trace-element patterns and trace-element ratios (e.g. La/Nb, Ce/Y and Zr/Nb) emphasize that the melts forming the Arguvan basalt were originated from the asthenospheric mantle rather than the lithospheric mantle.  相似文献   

Geochemical Evidence for Slab Melting in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Gomez-Tuena  Arturo; Langmuir  Charles H.; Goldstein  Steven L.; Straub  Susanne M.; Ortega-Gutierrez  Fernando 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(3):537-562

Geochemical studies of Plio-Quaternary volcanic rocks from theValle de Bravo–Zitácuaro volcanic field (VBZ) incentral Mexico indicate that slab melting plays a key role inthe petrogenesis of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. Rocks fromthe VBZ are typical arc-related high-Mg andesites, but two differentrock suites with distinct trace element patterns and isotopiccompositions erupted concurrently in the area, with a traceelement character that is also distinct from that of other Mexicanvolcanoes. The geochemical differences between the VBZ suitescannot be explained by simple crystal fractionation and/or crustalassimilation of a common primitive magma, but can be reconciledby the participation of different proportions of melts derivedfrom the subducted basalt and sediments interacting with themantle wedge. Sr/Y and Sr/Pb ratios of the VBZ rocks correlateinversely with Pb and Sr isotopic compositions, indicating thatthe Sr and Pb budgets are strongly controlled by melt additionsfrom the subducted slab. In contrast, an inverse correlationbetween Pb(Th)/Nd and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd ratios, which extend to lowerisotopic values than those for Pacific mid-ocean ridge basalts,indicates the participation of an enriched mantle wedge thatis similar to the source of Mexican intraplate basalts. In addition,a systematic decrease in middle and heavy rare earth concentrationsand Nb/Ta ratios with increasing SiO₂ contents in the VBZ rocksis best explained if these elements are mobilized to some extentin the subduction flux, and suggests that slab partial fusionoccurred under garnet amphibolite-facies conditions. KEY WORDS: arcs; mantle; Mexico; sediment melting; slab melting  相似文献   

Magma Genesis and Mantle Dynamics at the Harrat Ash Shamah Volcanic Field (Southern Syria)     

Krienitz  M.-S.; Haase  K. M.; Mezger  K.; Shaikh-Mashail  M. A. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(8):1513-1542

A geochemical and petrological study of Miocene to recent alkalibasalts, basanites, hawaiites, mugearites, trachytes, and phonoliteserupted within the Harrat Ash Shamah volcanic field was performedto reconstruct the magmatic evolution of southern Syria. Themajor element composition of the investigated lavas is mainlycontrolled by fractional crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene,± Fe–Ti oxides and ± apatite; feldspar fractionationis restricted to the most evolved lavas. Na₂O and SiO₂ variationswithin uncontaminated, primitive lavas as well as variably fractionatedheavy rare earth element ratios suggest a formation by variabledegrees of partial melting of different garnet peridotite sourcestriggered, probably, by changes in mantle temperature. The isotopicrange as well as the variable trace element enrichment observedin the lavas imply derivation from both a volatile- and incompatibleelement-enriched asthenosphere and from a plume component. Inaddition, some lavas have been affected by crustal contamination.This effect is most prominent in evolved lavas older than 3·5Ma, which assimilated 30–40% of crustal material. In general,the periodicity of volcanism in conjunction with temporal changesin lava composition and melting regime suggest that the Syrianvolcanism was triggered by a pulsing mantle plume located underneathnorthwestern Arabia. KEY WORDS: ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages; intraplate volcanism; mantle plume; partial melting; Syria  相似文献   

元素地球化学场及其地学意义   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

陈国能 《地球化学》1998,27(6):566-574

有关岩浆花岗岩成因的原地重熔说,揭示了各种化学元素在内生过程中的迁移规律。据此并结合元素在周期表中的位置,得出了元素地球化学场的概念,元素地球化学场不但总结了元素在原地重熔过程中的聚散趋势,而且揭示了元素自身组构与其空间分布规律的关系,展示出三个不同层次的地质断面,即花岗岩体上部和顶部盖层断面,大陆地壳断面及地球球体断面。  相似文献