高水位隧道堵水限排围岩与支护相互作用分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

王秀英  谭忠盛  王梦恕  张弥 《岩土力学》2008,29(6):1623-1628

为了保护环境并尽可能降低衬砌结构所受的水压力,提出高水位山岭隧道应采取“以堵为主,限量排放”,即“堵水限排”的防排水设计原则。但对于堵水限排情况下衬砌结构的设计,目前尚没有规范可依,这是目前隧道设计施工亟待解决的问题。在隧道力学和渗流力学的基础上进行理论分析,研究渗流应力耦合作用下围岩的力学特性,利用特征曲线法分析了不同排放量下围岩与支护的相互作用,并与数值方法计算结果进行对比。计算结果表明：不同排水量下围岩特性曲线不同,支护阻力也不同,不同排水条件下围岩有效切向应力和有效径向应力的变化很明显,排水对围岩应力以及支护体系受力的影响是不容忽视的。另外,传统隧道设计方法在全排水时完全不考虑水的作用是不安全的。所得结论可为堵水限排衬砌结构设计提供理论依据。  相似文献   

3孔小间距浅埋暗挖隧道地表沉降控制技术研究   总被引：27，自引：6，他引：21  

王明年  李志业  关宝树 《岩土力学》2002,23(6):821-824

通过模型试验对软弱围岩下3孔小间距浅埋暗挖隧道的地表沉降控制技术进行了深入研究。结果表明：不同的预加固强度、开挖进尺,对隧道的地表沉降、围岩压力、洞周位移都有很大影响。  相似文献   

阿里山森林铁路隧道复建工程的设计与施工探讨     

李嵘泰  刘弘祥  魏铭辉  黄崇仁  连祥益  沈宜庆  廖一光 《岩土力学》2014,35(8):2325-2334

2009年8月8日莫拉克台风重创南台湾,嘉义阿里山区72 h的累积雨量高达2 500 mm以上,百年历史的阿里山森林铁道因沿线路基严重流失而停驶。其中两处大崩塌路段的复建工程以顺应自然为原则,采取迂回隧道方式避开崩塌区,需克服沿线地质变化及地下水问题,评估结果是以凿岩机工法及钻爆工法进行开挖。两座隧道的西口段崩积层分别长达109.8、99 m,是隧道开挖阶段的关键地段。隧道开挖支撑设计系依据台湾岩体分类与支撑系统（PCCR系统）及新奥工法的理念,沿线采用先进支撑材料包括超前管棚钢管、桁型钢支护、钢纤维喷射混凝土及自钻式锚杆等,除了可确保施工安全外,亦可提高施工进度。目前两隧道均已贯通且变形量控制均符合安全,说明隧道采用先进支撑方式穿越破碎崩积层段的成效良好,其研究结果可为相关工程设计提供参考。  相似文献   

Seismic response of shallow circular tunnels in two-layered ground     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2015

The effect of ground stratification on the seismic response of circular tunnels is investigated, as most practice-oriented studies consider homogeneous ground. A finite element plain-strain model of a circular tunnel cross-section embedded in a two-layered ground is used to highlight the influence of stratification on the tunnel׳s seismic response. The layers interface was placed at the crown, centre and invert level.It is proved that ground stratification has an important role in the lining seismic forces. When the tunnel is fully embedded in one of the layers, the seismic lining forces may vary significantly in comparison with the single-layer case. If the tunnel intercepts both layers, maximum lining forces aggravation occurs when the lower layer is very stiff.  相似文献   

Comparative mineralogy and geochemistry of hydrothermal iron‐rich crusts from the Pitcairn,Teahitia‐mehetia,and Macdonald hot spot areas of the S. W. pacific     

P. Stoffers  G. P. Glasby  D. Stuben  R. M. Renner  T. G. Pierre  J. Webb 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(1):45-86

Abstract

Hydrothermal iron‐rich crusts have been recovered from a number of hot spot volcanos including Crough Seamount, Pitcairn Volcanos 2 and 1, Cyana Seamount, Teahitia, Moua Pihaa, and Macdonald Seamount in the S. W. Pacific. Mineralogically, the crusts consists of ferrihydrite with traces of the weathering products of volcanic ash (feldspar, nontronite, pyroxene, and serpentinite). The iron oxyhydroxide phase has a mean particle size of 3–4 nm indicating rapid deposition. Electron microprobe studies have revealed the presence of filamentous iron‐silica deposits within the crusts reflecting the possible bacterial oxidation of iron from the hydrothermal fluids. The crusts display wide variability in composition both between individual sampling stations and between seamounts. Endmember analysis shows that the compositional data can be resolved into three endmembers: a Fe‐rich endmember, a light and heavy rare earth element endmember, and a Ba (barite)‐rich endmember. The Fe‐rich endmember appears to contain very low concentrations of most trace elements. For bulk samples, the composition of the iron‐rich crusts reflects dilution of the iron oxyhydroxide phase by volcanic ash and, to a lesser extent, a hydrogenous component. This is illustrated by the wide variability in SiO₂ (11.1–71.3%) and Mn (0.01–1.21%) contents of the crusts. For iron‐rich crusts containing greater than 40% Fe, the Pitcairn crusts display lower contents of Pb, Ba, Mo, U, Th, As, and rare earth elements (REE) and lower cerium anomalies than those from Teahitia. REE profiles of crusts from each of the hot spot volcanoes are characterized by small negative cerium anomalies but pronounced positive europium anomalies. The low average La/Fe ratios of the crusts from the various seamounts (47–572 X 10^‐6) and positive Eu anomalies of the crusts suggest rapid deposition of the iron oxyhydroxide near the hydrothermal vent. The high Fe/Mn ratio of vent fluids at hot spot volcanoes (8.5–5.6) may account for the formation of these iron‐rich crusts. The present data indicate that there may be differences in the nature of the iron‐rich crusts based on the depth of occurrence. This influences the temperature of the venting hydrothermal fluids and the possibility of occurrence of submarine phreatomagmatic eruptions.  相似文献   

An elastoplastic evaluation of the stress state around cylindrical openings based on a closed multiaxial yield surface   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li Li  Michel Aubertin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2009,33(2):193-213

There are many applications encountered in geo‐engineering where there is a need to evaluate the stress state around circular openings. This paper presents a new analytical solution for evaluating the stresses around a cylindrical excavation in an elastoplastic medium defined by the closed MSDP_u yield surface. The proposed formulation takes into account the 3D stress geometry with a plasticity criterion that intersects the mean stress axis on the positive (compressive) and negative (tensile) sides. The results shown here illustrate how the stress distribution and yielding zone size are affected by various influence factors. Validation of the proposed formulation is made by comparing calculated results with existing analytical solutions and a numerical simulation. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

盾构隧道与周围土体在列车振动荷载作用下的动力响应特性     

杨文波  陈子全  徐朝阳  晏启祥  何川  韦凯 《岩土力学》2018,39(2):537-545

为研究列车振动荷载作用下盾构隧道结构及周围土体的动力响应特性,采用模型试验方法,通过布置在盾构隧道底部的激振器施加扫频激振荷载和列车振动荷载,采用频率响应函数FRF与最大加速度分析了盾构隧道衬砌结构与周围土体不同位置处的动力响应及其衰减规律。研究结果表明：FRF是隧道衬砌结构和周围土体自身的动力响应特性的体现,与激振力的大小、扫频方向及扫频时间无关;在隧道管片衬砌结构的底部和顶部均体现出高频响应大于低频响应的特性,隧道顶部加速度响应沿隧道纵向衰减幅度明显小于隧道底部;隧道周围土体的动力响应沿深度有明显变化,但均表现出沿隧道轴向衰减的规律。隧道结构上部第1层测点土体的动力响应在全频域内随频率的增加逐渐增大。但在第2层和地表的第3层测点,土体的动力响应在30～90 Hz区段线性增长,在90～300 Hz区段出现波动变化,并无明显增大趋势;与扫频激振荷载引起的动力响应规律一致,由列车运行振动荷载引起的隧道管片衬砌结构和周围土体的振动沿隧道轴向逐渐衰减,隧道底部的加速度响应大于顶部,随着列车车速的增大,在隧道内部引起的加速度响应将显著增大。同时,在列车振动荷载作用下发现地表存在加速度放大效应,地表第3层测点的加速度响应均大于隧道结构上部第1层测点。  相似文献   

P波作用下跨断层隧道轴线地震响应分析     

赵密  欧阳文龙  黄景琦  杜修力  赵旭 《岩土力学》2019,40(9):3645-3655

基于近场波动有限元方法并结合黏弹性人工边界条件,针对3D断层场地,通过求解等效二维场地地震响应,从而获得3D场地地震动输入的自由场响应,并将自由场响应转化为3D模型边界面上的等效节点力,从而建立含断层3D场地P波入射的倾斜输入方法。自由场算例验证所提方法具有较好精度,进而基于建立的输入方法,开展了跨断层隧道地震响应的数值模拟研究。数值模拟结果表明:在P波作用下,隧道跨断层部位处于拉、压、剪切的复杂受力状态,且断层处的隧道衬砌地震响应明显大于其他部位的地震响应;围岩的力学性质与断层的力学性质相差越大,断层处衬砌的地震响应放大越明显;断层处衬砌地震响应随断层深度的增加而增加。另外,跨断层隧道的地震响应受P波入射角度的影响较大,随P波入射角度的增加,断层处隧道衬砌的轴力、弯矩先增加后减小,而剪力具有逐渐减小的规律。  相似文献   

钻孔灌注桩基础对紧邻地铁隧道产生竖向附加应力和变形的计算分析   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：8  

楼晓明  金志靖 《岩土力学》1996,17(3):48-53

采用群桩基础共同作用的分析方法，对某高层建筑钻孔灌注桩基础跨越地铁隧道线可能带来的影响进行了计算分析，计算中考虑了孔底沉渣的影响。计算结果表明，超长桩基础下卧层中的竖向附加应力与土的自重应力相比很小，引起桩基沉降的主要因素是桩身的压缩变形和孔底沉渣的变形，桩基础在隧道轴线方向上引起的最大相对变形曲率发生在基础边缘附近。  相似文献   

列车动载作用下交叠隧道动力响应数值模拟   总被引：24，自引：3，他引：24  

陈卫军  张璞 《岩土力学》2002,23(6):770-774

采用上海地铁某区间隧道现场实测振动加速度数据，对南浦大桥近距离交叠隧道在列车振动荷载作用下的动力响应进行了有限元数值模拟。模拟结果表明：上下重叠隧道在动载作用下相互影响显著；随着隧道间净距的增加，相互影响逐渐减弱；对隧道结构而言，土压静载是结构设计的控制荷载，列车振动引起的附加内力增幅较小。  相似文献