Slope reliability analysis accounting for spatial variation     

《Georisk: Assessment and Management of Risk for Engineered Systems and Geohazards》2013,7(4):177-189

A practical and transparent procedure is described for implementing a generalized limit equilibrium method via cell-object-oriented constrained optimization in the spreadsheet platform. The formulation allows switching among the Spencer, Bishop simplified and wedge methods on the same template by specifying different side-force inclination and different constraints of optimization. Search for the critical circular or non-circular slip surface is possible. The deterministic procedure is extended probabilistically by implementing the first-order reliability method via constrained optimization of the equivalent dispersion ellipsoid in the original space of the random variables. This procedure is illustrated for an embankment on soft ground, and for a clay slope in southern Norway, both involving spatially correlated soil properties. The effects of autocorrelation distance on the results of reliability analysis are studied. Shear strength anisotropy is modelled via user-created simple function codes in the programming environment of the spreadsheet. The meaning of probability of failure is discussed.  相似文献   

基于PSO和LM算法的坐标转换新方法     

郑建雷;黄张裕;邱华旭;魏锦德 《东北测绘》2013,(2):183-186

3维坐标的转换精度与坐标转换参数的解算精度密切相关,在不同区域的坐标转换参数不完全相同,为了提高测量的精度,就必须求出适合本地区的坐标转换参数,以提高坐标转换的精度。本文直接从坐标转换的非线性方程出发,根据最优化问题的极值条件,研究采用基于微粒群优化(PSO)和拉凡格氏(LM)组合算法求解3维坐标转换参数。结果表明,该方法具有简单性、高效性和普适性,适合测量中3维坐标的转换解算。  相似文献   

Multi-objective stochastic-structural-optimization of shape-memory-alloy assisted pure-friction bearing for isolating building against random earthquakes     

《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2013

The optimal stochastic performance of pure friction system supplemented with SMA-restrainer (SMA-PF) is presented based on a framework of multi-objective optimization. The evaluation of system response for this is based on nonlinear random vibration analysis. The optimizing design variables are based on two mutually conflicting objectives, involving maximizing the isolation efficiency as well as isolator displacement. The proposed optimal design, thus, not only maximizes the isolation efficiency but also impose due consideration to the bearing displacement. The optimal bearing is shown to substantially reduce the bearing displacement with nominal sacrifice in isolation efficiency. Comparison of the multi-objective Pareto fronts reveals much facilitated trade-off among the mutually conflicting objectives in SMA-PF than in PF system. The viability of the optimal performance is further verified under recorded ground motions, which is observed to be in parity to the stochastic response behavior. The reduction in the residual bearing displacement is also observed.  相似文献   

Optimization of artificial ground freezing in tunneling in the presence of seepage flow     

《Computers and Geotechnics》2016

Artificial ground freezing is an environmentally friendly technique to provide temporary excavation support and groundwater control during tunnel construction under difficult geological and hydrological ground conditions. Evidently, groundwater flow has a considerable influence on the freezing process. Large seepage flow may lead to large freezing times or even may prevent the formation of a closed frozen soil body. For safe and economic design of freezing operations, this paper presents a coupled thermo-hydraulic finite element model for freezing soils integrated within an optimization algorithm using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique to optimize ground freezing in tunneling by finding the optimal positions of the freeze pipe, considering seepage flow. The simulation model considers solid particles, liquid water and crystal ice as separate phases, and the mixture temperature and liquid pressure as primary field variables. Through two fundamental physical laws and corresponding state equations, the model captures the most relevant couplings between the phase transition associated with latent heat effect, and the liquid transport within the pores. The numerical model is validated by means of laboratory results considering different scenarios for seepage flow. As demonstrated in numerical simulations of ground freezing in tunneling in the presence of seepage flow connected with the ACO optimization algorithm, the optimized arrangement of the freeze pipes may lead to a substantial reduction of the freezing time and of energy costs.  相似文献   

Comparison of two inverse analysis techniques for learning deep excavation response     

Youssef M.A. Hashash  Séverine Levasseur  Abdolreza Osouli  Richard Finno  Yann Malecot 《Computers and Geotechnics》2010

Performance observation is a necessary part of the design and construction process in geotechnical engineering. For deep urban excavations, empirical and numerical methods are used to predict potential deformations and their impacts on surrounding structures. Two inverse analysis approaches are described and compared for an excavation project in downtown Chicago. The first approach is a parameter optimization approach based on genetic algorithm (GA). GA is a stochastic global search technique for optimizing an objective function with linear or non-linear constraints. The second approach, self-learning simulations (SelfSim), is an inverse analysis technique that combines finite element method, continuously evolving material models, and field measurements. The optimization based on genetic algorithm approach identifies material properties of an existing soil model, and SelfSim approach extracts the underlying soil behavior unconstrained by a specific assumption on soil constitutive behavior. The two inverse analysis approaches capture well lateral wall deflections and maximum surface settlements. The GA optimization approach tends to overpredict surface settlements at some distance from the excavation as it is constrained by a specific form of the material constitutive model (i.e. hardening soil model); while the surface settlements computed using SelfSim approach match the observed ones due to its ability to learn small strain non-linearity of soil implied in the measured settlements.  相似文献   

Bearing capacity of interfering multiple strip footings by using lower bound finite elements limit analysis     

Jyant Kumar  Paramita Bhattacharya 《Computers and Geotechnics》2010

The ultimate bearing capacity of a number of multiple strip footings, identically spaced and equally loaded to failure at the same time, is computed by using the lower bound limit analysis in combination with finite elements. The efficiency factor (ξ_γ), due to the component of soil unit weight, is computed with respect to changes in the clear spacing (S) between the footings. It is noted that the failure load for a footing in the group becomes always greater than that of a single isolated footing. The values of ξ_γ for the smooth footings are found to be always lower than the rough footings. The values of ξ_γ are found to increase continuously with a decrease in the spacing between footings. As compared to the available theoretical and experimental results reported in literature, the present analysis provides generally a little lower values of ξ_γ.  相似文献   

基于遗传算法的土钉支护结构优化设计     

赵洪  伊丽娟 《城市地质》2010,5(2):19-23

将遗传算法用于基坑土钉支护优化设计中,分别用极限平衡法和有限元法进行优化设计,并对原设计、基于极限平衡分析的优化结果和基于有限元分析的优化结果进行比较,得出合理的土钉支护结构设计参考结论。  相似文献   

环胶州湾高等级公路某特大桥桩基工程方案优选     

张振铎  李艳成 《岩土工程技术》2010,24(1):24-27

同一地层条件下的建筑桩基设计及桩型选择的合理与否对单桩承载力水平的最大发挥有明显差异。在环胶洲湾高等级公路某特大桥桩基工程实践中,分析桩端持力层的岩性条件,对该大桥桩基在基岩地层中采用摩擦桩设计提出设计变更建议,当由摩擦桩改为蚨岩桩设计后,由于桩端地层端阻力发挥,设计的超长摩擦桩可大幅度减短。不仅节约工程造价,更由于减少了在硬岩地层中大直径超长桩施工的技术难度而缩短工程周期。特大桥梁建成通车多年运营安全稳定,实践证明桩基方案设计变更技术合理、经济、安全。  相似文献   

半潜平台总体强度分析及方案改造研究     

郭勤静  陈书敏  徐勤花  时磊 《海洋工程》2013,31(3):89-94

在完成某半潜平台的总体强度分析并实施总装建造后,由于船级社标准的提高及平台工作海域的提升,需对半潜平台进行技术方案改造。根据刚架梁理论及基础设计原理,采用空间刚架梁组合模型快速地评估改造方案的总体屈服屈曲强度。通过试验数据对比和空间撑杆结构力系传递效果以及总体杆件稳定性校核结果对比,确定比较合理的改造方案。对支撑结构与主体结构连接处及支撑管交叉点处进行细化设计并加强。结果表明该平台总体屈服屈曲强度满足规范要求,采用简化方法评估平台改造方案有利于快速实现结构方案的改造优化,为业内平台的设计和改造提供重要的工程参考。  相似文献   

平面度优化计算研究     

何真 《广东海洋大学学报》1994,(1)

提出了平面度的优化计算方法，并对其中的有关理论问题进行了研究。用这种方法能求出满足“最小区域”的平面度值。  相似文献