Influence of climate and tectonic movements on granite landforms in China     

CHEN Yixin  CUI Zhijiu  YANG Jianqiang 《地理学报》2009,19(5):587-599

Present granite landform characteristics and distribution are the integrated result of climate, tectonics and lithology. Various types of granite landforms in China signify climate zonality and differential vertical movement of earth surface, while published research results on Chinese granite landforms are very rare, especially in international journals. Based on the process analysis of chemical weathering and physical disintegration, four granite landform regions in China are classified according to the present climate regime. On the Tibetan Plateau, the cold and freezing climate induced periglacial landscapes; the northeast region is characterized by physical disintegration and low round mounds are widespread; in the northwest region controlled by arid climate, wind-carved minor landscapes are extremely prominent. The most spectacular granite landscapes in China are presented in southeast as a result of longtime chemical weathering under humid and warm conditions, as well as the differential uplift after Neogene. Correlating the weathering crust in southern China, Tibetan Plateau and India, a possible unified planation surface in Neogene is proposed. With corestones as indicators of original weathering front, the differential uplift extent of dissected planation surfaces can be estimated. At least three landforms implying uplift can be identified in southeastern China, with elevations of 300–400 m, 2000 m and 3600 m above the sea level respectively.  相似文献   

Types and spatial combinations of Danxia landform of Fangyan in Zhejiang Province     

OUYANG Jie  ZHU Cheng  PENG Hua  YU Jinbiao  LI Lan  ZHOU Riliang  ZHANG Guangsheng  ZHU Guangyao  LI Zhongxuan  ZHONG Yishun  ZHU Qing  LV Wen  HU Yongqi  ZHENG Chaogui  LV Zhenrong  HU Chang  WU Honglin  XU Longsheng 《地理学报》2009,19(5):631-640

The prominent types of Danxia landform in Fangyan include enclosed valleys, mesas, peaks, stone columns and grooves etc. Their spatial combinations have regular configurations along the northwest–southeast direction: typical grooves and caves are located in the northwestern Wufengshuyuan mainly; abundant fresh collapsed stones may be observed in central Jimingfeng and Taohuafeng; stone drums and stone columns are in the southeastern Shiguliao particularly; enclosed valleys are encircling joints of peaks and plains from three directions east, west, and south. Their spatial combinations reflect that the developments of Danxia landform have undergone stages of geomorphic cyclical erosion in the form of weathering, collapse, transportation, sedimentation and other processes, together with the “sculpture” of external forces mainly as tectonic uplift. The picturesque Danxia landform began its formation at that point. Danxia landform developed mainly in the strata of Fangyan Formation (K1f) caused by the alluvial fan-braided river phase of anterior fan in the late period of the Early Cretaceous. Regular patterns of weathering of stones and features of braided alluvial phase sediments may be verified by the analysis of three groups of experimental data. Danxia landform of Fangyan is a unique representative of the “adolescent” development type in the application of the World Natural Heritages status in China, by virtue of its outstanding universal aesthetic and scientific value.  相似文献   

回应气候的山地城镇与建筑设计   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

冒亚龙 《山地学报》2009,27(5)

回应地方气候与地理是建筑融于自然的主要方式,建筑因此获得存在于那个特定地点的充分理由以及地方性.应用山地设计和生态建筑设计理论,采取图解分析和综合演绎的方法,从山地建筑选址、布局、体形选择、通风、日照和景观等方面,探索回应气候的城市与建筑设计准则与策略,提出结合气候的山地城镇设计具体策略和手法,包括建筑选址、地域景观、通风防风、空间应变和节能设计策略等,为节能和生态建筑设计的理论与实践研究奠定基础.  相似文献   

浙江方岩丹霞地貌类型及其空间组合   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

欧阳杰  朱诚  彭华  俞锦标  李兰  周日良  张广胜  朱光耀  李中轩  钟宜顺  朱青  吕文  胡永起  郑朝贵  吕振荣  胡昶  武弘麟  徐龙生 《地理学报(英文版)》2009,19(5)

andform of Fangyan is a unique representative of the "adolescent" development type in the application of the World Natural Heritages status in China, by virtue of its outstanding universal aesthetic and scientific value.  相似文献   

陕北靖边丹霞地貌区红色砂岩地球化学沉积特征与古环境研究     

石浩  岳大鹏  赵景波  覃小锋  刘蓉  王晓宁  胡倩  马爱华  苏敏 《地质论评》2022,68(1):323-334

陕北靖边波浪谷丹霞地貌区是近年来国内外地学界的新发现和持续关注点.论文通过野外地质调查、粒度分析,岩石地球化学分析等研究,探讨红色砂岩地球化学特征、沉积环境、物源性质等相关问题.研究表明:红色砂岩以中—细砂为主,SiO2和Al2 O3含量之和在85％以上,沉积环境为河湖相,为水动力中等,水面较浅的河流入湖三角洲河口区地...  相似文献   

从阶地砾石的统计特征看保德至克虎段河流演化   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘运明  李有利  吕红华  李新坡 《地理科学》2007,27(4):567-572

通过对保德至克虎段不同地点砾石的岩性、粒径和产状的野外统计与测量,并对不同地点和不同阶地上砾石的岩性、粒径和产状进行对比,发现同一地区不同阶地砾石岩性具有很好的相似性,不同地区同一阶地砾石中灰岩砾石成分从上游向下游由主导成分变为次要成分,灰岩砾石粒径也从大变小,反映该区砾石为南北向古黄河冲积物。由于较老的一套砾石层为晚第三系红粘土所覆盖,说明黄河至少在晚第三纪已经在该区已形成。  相似文献   

甘肃省张掖丹霞与彩色丘陵地貌的形成与景观特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

张荷生  崔振卿 《中国沙漠》2007,27(6):942-945

对发育在甘肃省张掖市境内祁连山山麓、白垩系中下统碎屑岩地层中的丹霞地貌与彩色丘陵形成的地层、构造、地貌、古地理环境和外动力条件进行了分析;将该地的丹霞地貌划分为窗棂状宫殿式、柱状式和巷谷式三类不同的地貌景观群,并分别描述了各类丹霞地貌和彩色丘陵的景观特征;从景观的典型性、美学价值、科考价值、观赏价值四个方面评价了丹霞地貌与彩色丘陵的科教旅游价值;认为张掖丹霞地貌既有南方丹霞之秀美、又有北方雅丹之雄浑,彩色丘陵色彩斑斓、绚丽多姿、气势宏大,这两种奇特的地貌景观相互衬托,成为国内独特的地质遗迹,具有极高的观赏价值和重要的科研价值,是旅游观光、绘画摄影、科普教育、科学研究和考察的最佳场所。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地中的大气环流及昆仑山北坡的黄土堆积   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

韩永翔  杨胜利  方小敏  宋连春 《中国沙漠》2006,26(3):351-355

通过分析塔克拉玛干沙漠风积地貌形态所揭示的风向及盆地边缘25个气象站40 a的盛行风,我们恢复了盆地中沙尘暴形成时的风场。对大气环流分析表明,在暖季（春、夏）由于地面对大气感热加热作用强烈,形成了浅薄的热低压。当冷空气入侵时,在和田—于田—民丰一带形成强大的辐合上升区,使这个地区成为中国沙尘暴发生频率最高的地区,其扬起的粉尘沉降在昆仑山北坡而形成黄土堆积。由于冷空气入侵的强度不同,粉尘的扬升高度也不同,昆仑山北坡黄土厚度表明平均扬升高度在海拔2 900~3 400 m左右,最强的沙尘暴可将粉尘扬升到5 500 m的西风急流区。  相似文献   

广西区域热带岩溶地貌不同类型的演化浅议   总被引：15，自引：6，他引：9  

刘金荣  黄国彬  黄学灵  梁耀成 《中国岩溶》2001,20(4):247-252

文中论述了广西区域热带岩溶地貌三大类型,即:(1)以玉林、贵港市为代表的桂东南岩溶平原(残山平原)类型;(2)以桂林、柳州为代表的桂东北- 桂中-桂西南峰林平原类型;(3)以都安、乐业为代表的桂西- 桂西北峰丛洼地类型。进而阐述了三大岩溶地貌类型的特点与演化,认为它们存在着发育时间上的长短不同,营力上的差异,也就出现岩溶地貌类型上的各异。岩溶地貌类型中老、中、青的概念仍有意义。岩溶形成的“同时态论”在小区域内岩溶地貌的一定发育阶段可能存在,但在大区域或长时间尺度内就不一定适用。   相似文献   

罗布泊东阿奇克谷地雅丹地貌与库姆塔格沙漠形成的关系   总被引：28，自引：15，他引：13  

屈建军  郑本兴  俞祁浩  赵爱国 《中国沙漠》2004,24(3):294-300

阿奇克谷地位于罗布泊洼地之东, 93°E以西, 东西长约150km, 南北宽20~30km。为新生代北山与阿尔金山之间的地堑凹地的一部分, 与东面河西走廊的地堑凹地相通。根据出露的雅丹地层河湖相沉积样品所作的ESR测年(2272~10094kaBP)和本区的地质地貌特征可将阿奇克谷地演化与库姆塔格沙漠的发育史归纳为4个时期。①早更新世至中更新世罗布泊古湖扩大时期, 东部湖湾宽约50~60km, 向东延伸至93°15′E或更东; ②中更新世晚期山地上升与古湖湾退缩消失时期, 距今30万年前左右, 青藏高原强烈隆升, 阻挡了海洋水汽的进入, 亚洲内陆加速变干, 由于阿尔金山的左旋向东滑动, 在北面古湖区地层发生了与阿尔山斜交的羽毛状断裂谷群, 并因东北向的断裂上升与东西向的河西地堑谷地斜交, 阻断了疏勒河水不再向西流入罗布泊, 使东部湖湾向西退缩并逐步消失; ③中更新世晚期至晚更新世初, 暴雨径流与强烈的风蚀作用时期, 阿奇克谷地北部的洪积湖相沉积台地支沟口形成雅丹土丘群, 谷地南面库姆塔格沙漠北面羽毛状断裂谷群形成雅丹垄脊和风蚀谷, 谷地中央呈现出季节性的盐碱沼泽和零星雅丹土丘; ④晚更新世末至全新世库姆塔格沙漠扩大, 向北埋没了羽毛状断裂谷(风蚀谷)和雅丹垄脊, 形成了世界上独特的羽毛状沙丘。  相似文献