A new ultrasonic interferometer for the determination of equation of state parameters of sub-millimeter single crystals     

Hartmut A. Spetzler  Ganglin Chen  Scott Whitehead  Ivan C. Getting 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1993,141(2-4):341-377

A new giga-Hertz ultrasonic interferometer has been developed, based on ultrasonic microscopy technology. The interferometer operates from 0.3 GHz to 1.5 GHz. The high frequency and associated small wavelengths together with the large bandwidth make it possible to measure travel times in samples with thicknesses of several microns and allow for unprecedented accuracy in bond corrections. An absolute accuracy of 1 part in 10⁵ in travel time measurements is achievable in single crystals (thickness of 200 microns) or glasses of interest to the earth sciences. The high precision travel time data, combining with sample length measurements using a laser interferometer built in our laboratory, yield very high precision ultrasonic velocities.The interferometer is intended for use in conjunction with a newly developed 4 GPa gas piston cylinder apparatus (Getting andSpetzler, 1993) for equation of state measurements under simultaneous pressure and temperature. A separate correction for the bond will be made for each datum at every point in temperature pressure space.  相似文献   

Statistical parameters of Bhuj earthquake sequence of January 26th, 2001     

M. A. Shaik  Sanjay Srivastava 《Journal of Earth System Science》2003,112(3):397-400

An intraplate earthquake of magnitude (M _c) 6.9 (Anon 2001a) struck Bhuj and the adjoining region of Kachchh in Gujarat on January 26th, 2001 at about 0316 hrs (GMT) and was followed by a number of aftershocks. The epicentre of this earthquake was located at 23.4‡N and 70.28‡E close to the Kachchh mainland fault. The intensity observed around the epicenter was X on the MSK scale. A study of 531 aftershocks, in the magnitude range of 3.0–5.7, recorded at Vadodara Seismological Observatory till March 31st, 2001 has been carried out and various statistical parameters calculated. The total energy released during the study period is calculated to be 8.2 × 10¹⁴ joule. Sudden occurrence of the main shock without any foreshock in the same tectonic system is a unique feature of this sequence. Theb- value (0.86), value of M₀-M₁ (1.2), high M₁/M₀ (0.89) and high value of the decay constanth (0.91), all support the tectonic origin of the present study.  相似文献   

含水含盐土壤的微波介电特性分析研究   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

邵芸  吕远  董庆  韩春明 《遥感学报》2002,6(6):416-423

用微波网络分析仪测量了实验室制备的各种不同含水量,含盐量的土壤样品的复介电常数,研究了介电常数的实部和虚部与频率、盐度、含水量的关系。研究表明:频率、盐度对土壤介电常数实部的影响很小;对于某一特定土壤,其介电常数的实部由土壤的含水量决定;在较低频率范围内（f<2GHz）,虚部随着频率的增大而迅速下降,高频部分则趋向于一定值,波长较长的波段,如P波段或L波段对土壤含盐程度具有更高的敏感性,含盐量对虚部在较低频范围（f<5GHz）影响很大。同时,采集了内蒙古吉兰泰盐湖区的土壤样品,并测量了其复介电常数,与同步过顶的RADARSAT图像进行了相关分析。分析结果表明雷达图像记录的后向散射强度与含盐土壤复介电常数实部的相关系数为0.23,与虚部的相关系数为0.66,即雷达图像观测的含盐含水士壤的后向散射强度与土壤的含盐量相关性较高。这为利用微波遥感进行土壤盐碱化程度监测,提供了可能和实验依据。  相似文献   

饱和冻结粉土在常应变速率下的单轴抗压强度   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

李海鹏  朱元林  潘卫东 《冰川冻土》2002,24(5):659-664

Uniaxial compressive strength tests were conducted on the saturated frozen Lanzhou silt (loess) at various constant strain rates and at various constant temperatures. It is concluded from the test results that: the compressive strength (σ f) is very sensitive to temperature (θ) and increases with the temperature decreasing as a power law. Compressive strength is sensitive to strain rate () and increases with strain rates increasing within a certain range of strain rates as a power law. Compressive strength decreases when time to failure (tf) increases, also following a power law. Finally, Compressive strength of frozen silt with higher dry density (γd) is higher than that of frozen silt with lower dry density. The difference between them is mainly influenced by strain rate.  相似文献   

长度计量仪器测距指标处理系统的开发运用     

汤清伟 《测绘科学》2002,27(2):46-48

测绘行业近几年发生了巨大的变化 ,传统的测量方法大多被数字化手段所代替 ,然而部分测绘仪检部门在处理测距仪器检定数据时有的采用自行编制的功能不甚完备的程序进行计算。针对这种情况 ,作者开发了长度计量仪器测距指标处理系统 (KRA) ,该系统能较为全面地满足光电测量仪器检测数据的后期处理。本文就该系统的开发和运用作了详细阐述。  相似文献   

精密测距在奥运场馆建设中的应用     

王攀  段红志 《地理空间信息》2010,8(3):109-111

介绍了一种使用全站仪同向观测、利用差值计算,配合垂直方向全站仪定位,精确测定泳池长度的方法,克服了现场无法架设仪器和目标棱镜的困难,减少了投点误差、仪器常数误差的影响,该方法还可以用于检验标准长度和仪器加常数。  相似文献   

Revisiting design earthquake spectra          下载免费PDF全文

Gian Michele Calvi 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(13):2627-2643

For several decades, seismologists and engineers have been struggling to perfect the shape of design spectra, analyzing recorded signals, and speculating on probabilities. This research effort produced several improvements, for example, suggesting to adopt more than one period to define a spectral shape or proposing different spectral shapes as a function of the return period of the design ground motion. The spectral shapes recommended in most modern codes are driven by considerations on uniform hazard; however, the basic assumption of adopting essentially three fundamental criteria, ie, constant acceleration at low periods, constant displacement at long periods, and constant velocity in an intermediate period range, has never been really questioned. In this opinion paper, the grounds of a constant velocity assumption is discussed and shown to be disputable and not physically based. Spectral shape based on different logics are shown to be potentially consistent with the experimental evidence and to lead to possible differences of 100% in terms of displacement and acceleration demand in the wide intermediate period range that characterizes the vast majority of structures. In this framework, the historical development of linear and nonlinear spectra is critically revisited, proposing a novel original way of defining seismic demand.  相似文献   

Some cosmological models with perfect fluid,scalar field and heat flux in rotating universe     

I. Tarhan 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2002,323(5):494-498

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地震计恒温低湿智能监控仪研制     

郅红魁  程楠  郭慧  成万里  成娜  谢佳兴  赵彦旭 《地震地磁观测与研究》2018,40(1):128-133

摆房温度、湿度变化过大,地震计会出现靠摆、卡摆、标定不合格等故障现象,直接影响观测质量。为确保地震计工作环境恒温、低湿,观测数据连续、可靠,研制地震计低温低湿智能监控仪。  相似文献   

A strategy for an accurate estimation of the basal permittivity in the Martian North Polar Layered Deposits          下载免费PDF全文

S.E. Lauro  G. Gennarelli  E. Pettinelli  F. Soldovieri  F. Cantini  A.P. Rossi  R. Orosei 《Geophysical Prospecting》2017,65(3):891-900

This paper deals with the investigation of the Mars subsurface by means of data collected by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding working at few megahertz frequencies. A data processing strategy, which combines a simple inversion model and an accurate procedure for data selection is presented. This strategy permits to mitigate the theoretical and practical difficulties of the inverse problem arising because of the inaccurate knowledge of the parameters regarding both the scenario under investigation and the radiated electromagnetic field impinging on the Mars surface. The results presented in this paper show that it is possible to reliably retrieve the electromagnetic properties of deeper structures if such strategy is accurately applied. An example is given here, where the analysis of the data collected on Gemina Lingula, a region of the North Polar layer deposits, allowed us to retrieve permittivity values for the basal unit in agreement with those usually associated to the Earth basaltic rocks.  相似文献