新疆若羌县坡一超镁铁岩浆岩型铜镍矿床特征及远景展望     

卢鸿飞  王恒  王鹏  邓刚 《矿产与地质》2016,(3):315-322

新疆北山裂谷带中出露有数量众多的镁铁-超镁铁岩,坡一铜镍矿位于北山裂谷金铜镍成矿带西部、坡北镁铁-超镁铁岩带西南部。经1989~2014年的持续勘查,坡北岩带中的坡一铜镍矿规模达到100万吨以上。笔者在前人工作的基础上,结合裂谷环境下成岩机制,分析了坡一铜镍矿成矿环境及成矿作用演化特征,树立了独特的多期岩浆成矿模式,建立了找矿标志,为成矿带镁铁-超镁铁岩浆硫化物型铜镍矿床建立了成矿模型,且对成矿远景做了探讨。  相似文献   

日照市河谷平原区成井方法对比研究     

陈冶  程微  陈文彬  岳雅  苑雪峰 《化工矿产地质》2016,(3):166-170

在分析日照河谷平原区水文地质条件的基础上,通过大量抽水试验数据,对比分析研究了当地民井与本次施工水井成井方法的差异,指出了当地民井在成井方法上的不足和缺陷,并提出了适宜该区的成井方法建议。  相似文献   

Land-surface segmentation as a method to create strata for spatial sampling and its potential for digital soil mapping     

L. Drăguţ  A. Dornik 《International journal of geographical information science》2016,30(7):1359-1376

Sampling efforts are constrained by limited availability of resources. Therefore, methods to reduce the number of samples, while still achieving reasonable accuracy are needed. Land-surface segmentation (LSS) has proven a powerful technique to partition digital elevation models (DEMs) and their derivatives into relatively homogeneous areas, which can be further employed as support in soil sampling. Though topography is one of the main soil forming factors, a robust assessment of the potential of this technique to digital soil mapping (DSM) is still missing. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the potential of LSS in stratifying a landscape into relatively homogeneous areas, which can be used as strata for guiding the selection of sampling points in DSM. The experiments were carried out in two study areas where soil samples were available. Land-surface derivatives were derived from DEMs and segmented with a tool based on the multiresolution segmentation algorithm, into objects considered as homogeneous soil-landscape divisions. Thus, one sample was randomly selected within each segment from the existing sample data, based on which predictions of soil classes/sub-orders and properties, i.e. soil texture and A-horizon thickness, were made. Results were compared with predictions based on simple random sampling (SRS) and conditioned Latin hypercube (cLHS). The segmentation-based sampling (SBS) scheme performed better than SRS and cLHS schemes in predicting the A-horizon thickness, soil texture fractions and soil classes, showing a high potential of LSS in stratifying a landscape for the purposes of DSM. The novelty of this study is in the way strata are constructed, rather than in the sampling design itself. Further research is needed to demonstrate the value of a SBS design for practical use. The analyses presented here further highlight the importance of considering locally adaptive techniques in optimization of sampling schemes and predictions of soil properties.  相似文献   

某水电站某泥石流沟综合治理概述          下载免费PDF全文

段君奇 《甘肃地质》2018,(1):85-90

某水电站某泥石流沟内常年流水,属季节性排洪沟谷,水动力类型为暴雨,沟内松散物源丰富,具有泥石流发生条件。在上游区以拦挡泥石流为主,通过修建拦挡措施,减少形成泥石流的固体物质,在下游区以防水、边坡防护及引流等措施,通过修建溢流坝截断上游水流对沟内堆渣体渗流影响;通过修建排洪渠及排洪洞引流;通过削坡、修坡进行边坡维护加固。确保了导流洞出口及上下行交通洞进出口的施工期安全及运行安全。  相似文献   

The Digital Belt and Road program in support of regional sustainability     

Huadong Guo  Yubao Qiu  Massimo Menenti  Fang Chen  Paul F. Uhlir 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(7):657-669

The Belt and Road initiative has a significant focus on infrastructure, trade, and economic development across a vast region, and it also provides significant opportunities for sustainable development. The combined pressure of climate variability, intensified use of resources, and the fragility of ecosystems make it very challenging, however, to achieve future sustainability. To develop the path in a sustainable way, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of these issues across nations and evaluate them in a scientific and well-informed approach. In this context, the Digital Belt and Road (DBAR) program was initiated as an international venture to share expertise, knowledge, technologies, and data to demonstrate the role of Earth observation science and technology and big Earth data applications to support large-scale development. In this paper, we identify pressing challenges, present the research priorities and foci of the DBAR program, and propose solutions where big Earth data can make significant contributions. This paper calls for further joint actions and collaboration to build a digital silk road in support of sustainable development at national, regional and global levels.  相似文献   

长江流域地下水资源特征与开发利用现状          下载免费PDF全文

黄长生  周耘  张胜男  王节涛  刘凤梅  龚冲  易秤云  李龙  周宏  魏良帅  潘晓东  邵长生  黎义勇  韩文静  尹志彬  李晓哲 《中国地质》2021,48(4):979-1000

为提升对长江流域水文地质和地下水资源的认知程度,突破以往单独从地表水或地下水角度进行评价的局限性,长江流域水文地质调查工程以地球系统科学理论和水循环理论为指导,充分考虑地表水与地下水的转化关系,将水文地质单元和地表水流域有机结合,划分长江流域地下水评价单元,建立典型地下水资源评价模型,开展了新一轮长江流域地下水资源评价。评价结果表明:(1)长江流域水循环要素时空分布不均,降水以中游最多,并由东南向西北递减;地表径流主要集中在夏季,且长江北岸比南岸集中程度更高;蒸散发量总体上呈现东部高于西部的特征,最大值集中在长江中游一带;长江流域地下水位总体保持稳定,丰枯季水位变化总体不大,一般小于2 m;长三角超采区的地下水漏斗面积已明显减小,相关环境地质问题得到了有效控制。(2)2020年长江流域的地下水资源总量2421.70亿m~3/a,其中山丘区地下水资源量2092.79亿m~3/a,平原区地下水资源量331.35亿m~3/a;地下水储存量较2019年整体略有增加趋势,其中四川盆地最为明显,共增加23.72亿m~3。(3)长江流域的水质上游优于下游,优质地下水主要分布在赣南地区和大别山南麓一带,部分地区水质较差的主要原因是原生劣质水的广泛分布。长江流域地下水开发利用水平整体很低,局部地区由于过往不合理的开发所引发的环境地质问题已得到缓解,岩溶塌陷、地面沉降等问题得到了较好控制。建议适当开发利用赣南地区和大别山南麓一带优质的基岩裂隙水。  相似文献   

九寨沟“8.8”地震背景下火花海钙华坝体无损探测分析     

罗尧东  代群威  董发勤  王富东  赵学钦  廖传康  崔杰  李琼芳  王安平 《中国岩溶》2021,40(1):147-156

为研究震后九寨沟钙华景区的溶洞、裂隙、暗流等地质特性,丰富钙华景区岩溶洞穴无损探测技术,探讨了多物探技术在多孔疏松钙华地区作业的可靠性。首次运用地质雷达法及高密度电法相结合的无损探测技术,在九寨沟景区火花海特定区域进行了现场勘查和无损探测试验。结合对比两种无损探测成果与测区内出露地质剖面3组勘探数据,结果发现:高密度电法与地质雷达法相结合,两者能优劣互补,相互佐证,在解决钙华区域浅部溶洞、暗流、裂隙等工作中,对探测目标体具有极高的识别度。两种方法探测数据与震后出露剖面地质特征保持极高的一致性,验证了两种无损检测方法在多孔疏松介质条件下数据的真实可靠性,解决了多物探技术在多孔疏松介质地区施工的疑点和难点,丰富了工程物探领域技术。   相似文献   

京津冀地区低层局地大气环流的气候特征研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

曾佩生  朱蓉  范广洲  李泽椿  王月冬 《气象》2019,45(3):381-394

本文采用2007-2016年的中尺度数值模拟结果和15个地面气象站观测资料,定义了局地风场表征风速,研究京津冀平原地区局地大气环流日变化的气候特征,并对区域大气污染及其输送的影响进行分析。此外,对2016年12月30日至2017年1月7日北京地区跨年大气重污染过程进行了个例分析。得到结论:京津冀平原地区低空风场变化是天气系统与局地大气环流共同作用的结果,山谷风环流致使太行山和燕山沿线平原地区大气边界层内的长年主导风向为偏北和偏南;太行山和燕山沿线地区山谷风环流本身呈顺时针旋转的日变化特征,夜间至早晨谷风转向山风,午后至夜间山风转向谷风;在午后谷风向山风转向期间,容易形成沿太行山东麓和燕山南麓、自南向东北的"弓形"气流输送通道,此气流输送通道在1月于21时左右形成,持续时间大约3 h,在7月于18时左右形成,持续时间可达9 h;冬季午后至晚间盛行谷风时,受山体的阻挡,污染物容易在山前累积,导致污染浓度增高;夏季同样的情况会发生在后半夜。  相似文献   

浅圆沉积谷地对瑞雷波的散射--高频解   总被引：15，自引：3，他引：12  

梁建文  张秋红  李方杰 《地震学报》2006,28(2):176-182

利用波函数展开法给出了浅圆沉积谷地对瑞雷波散射的一个高频解析解,并分析了入射频率、沉积谷地宽度和深度等因素对波散射的影响. 数值结果表明,由于沉积谷地的影响, 在入射波的近端,地表位移分布变得相对复杂,但位移幅值并不大;而在入射波远端,地表位移分布相对简单,但位移幅值却相对较大,多数情况下高于沉积地表位移幅值.   相似文献   

印度洋9.0级大地震激发的地球球型振荡和环型振荡   总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

于海英  朱元清  寿海涛 《地球物理学进展》2006,21(3):706-716

综合分析了中国数字地震台网（CDSN）改造后的5个长周期地震仪台站观测的3天的VHZ、VHE和VHN波形资料,利用功率谱密度估计方法,在没有对资料进行去固体潮处理的情况下,准确获得了2004年12月26日印度洋地震激发的0S3~0S78的基频球型振荡和部分谐频球型振荡和0T3~0T67的基频环型振荡,并与地球初步参考模型（PREM）的理论自由振荡周期进行了对比,发现实测振荡周期与PREM预测的振荡周期符合的很好.频率与PREM模型略微不一致的球型或环型振荡可以解释为地球介质的横向不均匀性和各向异性所致.因此地球自由振荡信息可用于揭示地球的三维不均匀结构信息或各向异性信息,并可能对区分地幔对流模式有所帮助.  相似文献