大别地块超高压变质省的构造变形研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

索书田 《地学前缘》1999,6(4):255-262

构造解析的基本目的是建立构造事件造成的地质体几何学、运动学、动力学和流变学。大陆碰撞造山带内含柯石英及微粒金刚石等矿物组合的超高压（ＵＨＰ） 变质岩的形成和折返,是极为复杂的地球动力学过程。与世界上已知大多数超高压变质带相似,中国大别地块内超高压变质省现今观察到的主体构造形式,主要是在碰撞或超高压变质峰期后伸展体制下形成的。通过对大别超高压变质省内伸展组构及挤压（ 碰撞） 组构的鉴别、分析,结合有关超高压变质带构造学研究领域的简略综述指出,在揭示超高压变质带的形成及折返动力学过程中,构造解析的思维和工作方法是行之有效的  相似文献   

Human‐induced hazardous debris flows in Carrara marble basins (Tuscany,Italy)     

Carlo Baroni  Giuseppe Bruschi  Adriano Ribolini 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2000,25(1):93-103

In Carrara marble basins, the long and intensive quarrying activities (which began in the first century BC ) have produced extensive dump deposits, locally known as ravaneti. Ravaneti are of such large dimensions and diffusion as to make them a widespread landform of the Apuane Alps (Tuscany). In recent years these quarry dump deposits have been affected by frequent debris flows, more than 50 in 1996/97. This phenomenon is the most significant currently active geomorphological process in this landscape. The evolution of quarrying techniques produced a variety of sedimentological compositions of ravaneti. The debris flows analysed involve only the surface layers where debris is mixed with fine material with a lower permeability (active ravaneti) than the coarser underlying debris (older ravaneti). The presence of different permeability layers causes a wetting front to move downwards. Source area observations indicate a soil slip movement in the initial phases of the failure. The transformation of landslides into debris flow occurs by means of both soil contractive failure and an increase of granular temperature. The morphological and sedimentological analyses of depositional lobes resulted in a classification of three types of lobe, based on fabric–morphometry relationships allowing the identification of different flow dynamics: (1) type A lobe (platy form), matrix‐supported and well developed fabric with general tendency of ab clast plane strikes to lie generally parallel to flow direction as a consequence of laminar flow; (2) type B lobe (elongated form), clast‐supported and random fabric as a consequence of both turbulent flow and coarser composition of starting material; (3) type C lobe, intermediate type A–B morphometry, tendency for ab clast plane to lie in a semi‐circle around the main flow direction determined by the presence of secondary flow lines divergent from it in the stopping phase. In Carrara marble basins, the anomalous frequency with which debris flows tend to be triggered by medium‐intensity rainstorms (about 30 mm h⁻¹ rainfall) is due to the recent increases in silt dump produced by modern quarrying techniques. This represents a significant example of debris flows as an environmental problem in major anthromorphized landscapes. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Micromechanics model for elastic stiffness of non-spherical granular assembly     

J.-J. Dong  Y.-W. Pan 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(11):1075-1100

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黑龙江虎林杂岩变形样式与时代：对中国东北东部早白垩世古太平洋板块俯冲的启示     

梁琛岳  刘永江  宋志伟  张骞  杨岩 《岩石学报》2020,36(3):685-702

黑龙江虎林盆地位于兴凯地块北部,盆地内部中央隆起区出露一套呈NE走向展布的虎林杂岩,岩石强烈韧性变形,对其变形样式及其动力学背景的探讨,为进一步研究兴凯地块乃至中国东北东部中生代构造属性和古太平洋构造体制下构造演化过程提供一个独特的视角。虎林杂岩主体由云母片岩和侵位其中的花岗质岩脉组成,塑性变形特征明显,发育倾向NW向片麻理,走向NE-SW的低角度矿物拉伸线理。岩石矿物组合、微观构造特征和石英EBSD组构分析显示岩石表现中低温变形样式,变形温度为350～450℃,石英变形机制以位错滑移和膨凸重结晶为主。结合宏观变形样式可知,虎林杂岩早期变形以NW倾向片麻理为标志,指示NW-SE向伸展作用,晚期变形以NE倾伏低角度矿物拉伸线理为标志,指示NE-SW向左行走滑事件。侵位的变形闪长玢岩的锆石年代学研究限定晚期左行走滑事件晚于闪长玢岩就位时间1070±17Ma。早白垩世期间,伊泽奈崎板块(古太平洋)NW向斜向俯冲和板片后撤,导致东北东部乃至整个中国东部NW-SE向伸展,造成大陆岩石圈减薄、岩浆活动和虎林伸展断陷盆地的形成。在早白垩世末(104Ma之后),伊泽奈崎板块高速向欧亚大陆俯冲由NNW转向N,由低角度俯冲替代高角度俯冲,使得中国东部再次遭受区域性挤压,导致虎林杂岩发育大规模NE向压扭性左行走滑变形和持续性隆升。  相似文献   

西藏拉萨 - 日多晚侏罗世—早白垩世盆地顺层剪切构造及其地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

周斌  潘亮  韩奎  乔新星  王峰 《沉积与特提斯地质》2020,40(2):65-74

拉萨-日多盆地中存在不同构造体制下的两期构造变形。本文运用构造解析法,对盆地中新厘定出的晚侏罗世—早白垩世期间普遍存在的以横向构造置换为主的顺层剪切构造群落进行详细调查研究,划分出顺层剪切作用下形成的顺层韧性剪切带、顺层掩卧褶皱、顺层面理与拉伸线理、粘滞性石香肠及同构造淡色脉等不同构造样式。结合石英显微构造变形及EBSD组构分析,认为顺层剪切构造中石英以中低温组构(400～550℃)的底面a和菱面a滑移系为主,早期经历了中高温组构(550℃～650℃)的柱面a滑移变形,并叠加了后期低温组构的(﹤400℃)底面a滑移变形,总体反映了中等及中低温条件下的剪切变形作用。初步建立了拉萨-日多盆地中的顺层剪切构造变形机制的一种可能模式,即伸展体制下大规模的水平分层剪切作用,认为晚侏罗世—早白垩世时期拉萨-日多盆地为伸展盆地。  相似文献