EPR evidence for maghemitization of magnetite in a tropical soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

H. Fischer  J. Luster  A. U. Gehring 《Geophysical Journal International》2007,169(3):909-916

Electron paramagnetic spectroscopy (EPR) was used in combination with standard rock magnetic methods to study magnetic minerals in a tropical soil. The susceptibility and hysteresis measurements showed magnetite grains with a Curie temperature near 850 K as the dominant magnetic remanence carriers in the soil. A minor Ti content in the magnetite was found by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. In order to get insight into the weathering status of the magnetite, different chemical treatments, including oxalate and citrate–bicarbonate–dithionite (CBD) extraction, were applied to the soil samples. The hysteretic properties exhibited no significant differences between the untreated and the CBD or oxalate treated samples. By contrast, the comparison of the EPR spectra revealed a significant broadening of the linewidth (δB) and a shift of the g -values ( g _eff) to lower fields after the CBD treatment. Furthermore, the spectral parameters g _eff and δB exhibited an angular dependence. At low temperature, the CBD treated samples showed a jump in δB between 120 and 100 K, the temperature range characteristic for the Verwey transition in magnetite. The changes in the spectral properties after the CBD treatment, which dissolves ferric oxides, were attributed to the removal of maghemite formed by the oxidation of magnetite, that is, during the maghemitization of the magnetite grains.  相似文献   

氢气还原处理对天然金红石可见光吸收的影响机制     

罗泽敏  李艳  鲁安怀  吴婧  秦善  王长秋 《矿物学报》2011,31(4):634-640

天然半导体矿物金红石因结构中含有类质同象替代杂质元素V和Fe,具有一定的可见光吸收和光催化活性。为改善金红石的日光光催化性能,在H2还原气氛下,对天然金红石粉末进行500～900℃不同温度的热处理改性研究。紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱（UV-Vis diffuse reflectance absorption spectra）表明H2还原处理显著改善了金红石在可见光区460～750 nm波段的光吸收,其中900℃处理样品的光吸收提升最为明显。电子顺磁共振（EPR）和X射线光电子能谱（XPS）测试表明,随着还原温度升高,杂质元素V和Fe从高价态（V5＋,Fe3＋）向较低的价态（V4＋,V3＋,Fe2＋）转化,同时金红石表面的化学吸附水含量也有所增加。本文认为H2还原热处理引起的过渡金属元素价态的改变,尤其是较低氧化态V离子（V4＋和V3＋）的形成,可能是导致金红石样品可见光吸收显著增加的主要原因。  相似文献   

青田石“灯光冻”品种的宝石矿物学特征及其成因     

朱选民 《地质科学译丛》2011,(1):6-10

采用X射线粉末衍射和电子顺磁共振等方法,对青田石中的珍贵品种＂灯光冻＂样品进行了研究。结果表明,＂灯光冻＂样品的矿物组成为叶蜡石,多型特征为2M型,含极少量的1TC型;其结构有序度高,化学成分表现为贫Al、富Si型,边缘部位具有石英化迹象。＂灯光冻＂样品中的Fe3＋呈八面体占位,与Ti4＋,Si-O--Al空穴心共同致色。＂灯光冻＂样品中的叶蜡石晶体呈不规则叶片状,大小较均一,呈弯曲片状集合体结构。  相似文献   

海岸带水体氮、磷的测定方法与准确测定          下载免费PDF全文

胡娜娜  盛彦清  唐琪  李长玉 《海洋科学进展》2022,40(2):274-286

利用湛江东北海岸近30a6期LandSatTM/OLI遥感影像,基于人机交互方式获取海岸线空间信息,综合运用端点变率(EndPointRate,EPR)、线性回归变率(LinearRegressionRate,LRR)、岸线类型结构等多种方法或指标对湛江东北海岸线时空变迁及主要驱动因素进行了深入分析。结果表明:近30a湛江东北大陆海岸线长度共增长约27.56km,岛屿海岸线长度共增长约15.44km,海岸线类型较多,自然海岸线锐减,利用类型构成趋于复杂,且更多地受到了人类活动干扰;海岸线变迁方向整体以向海扩张为主,其中大陆海岸线的平均 LRR和 EPR 为4.18m/a和4.12m/a,最高 LRR达94.26m/a;岛屿海岸线的平均 LRR和 EPR为2.24m/a和3.79m/a,最高 LRR 达66.44m/a。海岸线摆动剧烈区域主要集中于受围填海工程等人类工程活动影响较为显著的岸段。人类活动已成为湛江东北海岸线变迁的主导因素。  相似文献   

Saudi Arabian White Silica as a Good Adsorbent for Pollutants          下载免费PDF全文

Islam Hamdy Abd El Maksod  Hassan M. AlBishri  Abdullah Saad Al‐bogami 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2014,42(4):480-486

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Electron paramagnetic resonance studies on clinochlore from Longitudinal Valley area,northeastern Taiwan     

G.?N.?Hemanthkumar  G.?Parthasarathy  R.?P.?S.?Chakradhar  I.?Omkaram  J.?Lakshmana RaoEmail author  Y.?C.?Ratnakaram 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2009,36(8):447-453

A natural sample of clinochlore from the Longitudinal Valley area of northeastern Taiwan has been characterized by using the powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic techniques. The lattice parameters of the monoclinic (IIb) clinochlore with the composition (Mg_2.988 Al_1.196 Fe_1.6845 Mn_0.026)_5.8945 (Si_2.559 Al_1.441)₄ O₁₀ (OH)₈ have been calculated from the powder XRD data and are found to be a = 5.347 Å, b = 9.223 Å, c = 14.250 Å, β = 97.2° and Z = 2. The thermal behaviour of the sample showed the typical behaviour of clinochlore with a hydroxyl content of 12.5 wt%. The EPR spectrum at room temperature exhibits two resonance signals centred at g ≈ 2.0 and g ≈ 8.0. The signal at g ≈ 2.0 shows a six-line hyperfine structure which is a characteristic of Mn²⁺ ions in octahedral symmetry. The resonance signal at g ≈ 8.0 is a characteristic of Fe³⁺ ions. The EPR spectra have also been recorded at different temperatures (123–295 K). The population of spin levels (N) has been calculated for g ≈ 2.0 and g ≈ 8.0 resonance signals. It is observed that N increases with decreasing temperature. From EPR spectra, the spin-Hamiltonian parameters have been evaluated. The zero-field splitting parameter (D) is found to be temperature dependent. The peak-to-peak width of the g ≈ 8.0 resonance signal is found to increase with decrease in temperature.  相似文献   

Assessment and prediction of shoreline change using multi-temporal satellite images and statistics: Case study of Damietta coast,Egypt     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

The shoreline trajectory of Damietta city, locates at the Northern coast of Egypt, is dramatically subjected to kinematic changes. These variations mainly occur based on the incessant duel hydrodynamic impacts of both wave action and coastal currents. Several types of coastal measures have been applied substantially along the coastal stretch of Damietta to protect shoreline such as detached breakwaters, Jetties, groins, and seawalls. This study is essentially focused on the assessment of shoreline kinematics response due to the existence of these structures during the period from 1990 to 2015. In addition, the future changes of the shoreline at 2020, 2025 and 2035 are predicted using satellite images, Geo-spatial tools and Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) by the meaning of End Point Rate (EPR) and Linear Regression Rate (LRR) methods. Four Landsat images at different periods; TM1990, TM 1999, ETM 2003 and ETM 2015 are used to detect shoreline changes. Three semi-automatic extraction techniques are initially tempted for Landsat ETM 2003 imagery namely; Iso cluster technique, threshold method, and onscreen digitizing method to select the optimal one. Iso cluster technique is used as the optimal technique which achieves the least errors with the corresponding field data in 2003 by value of 0.34. Furthermore, the extraction shoreline change for Damietta coast is extensively measured for three zones: zone (1) the western sector encompassing Damietta port with two jetties; zone (2) the central sector including detached breakwaters; zone (3) the eastern portion of Damietta estuary passing through a seawall. Verification analysis shows that the EPR is the optimum method for shoreline detection with a value of RMSE by 0.27. The results show that, for zone (1), the western shoreline of Damietta port is progressed by a rate of +10.0 m/year. On the other hand, the shoreline on the down drift side at zone (2) has retreated by a rate of -5.0 m/year. While the shoreline behind the detached breakwaters in the central sector has advanced by +12.0 m/year from 1999 to 2003, then decreased gradually until become stable in 2015. For zone (3), alongshore currents have derived the disassembled sandy soil from west to east leaving a highly eroded area by average rate of -78m/year. The results of this study give indication to shoreline trend of near future which should be under consideration in planning of Damietta coastal zone.  相似文献   

东太平洋海隆(EPR) 13°N 附近含金属沉积物孔隙率研究     

武力  曾志刚  殷学博  王晓媛  陈帅 《海洋科学》2012,36(1):81-86

研究了采自东太平洋海隆13°N(EPR 13°N)的一个热液成因含金属箱式沉积物岩心E272的孔隙率变化特征。样品孔隙率在70.0%-85.2%之间,顶部层位比底部层位高14%左右。孔隙率随深度增加而指数式单调递减,平均递减梯度约为-0.31%/cm。该岩心上部层位呈红棕色,下部层位呈黄绿色,表明该岩心经历了显著的早期化学成岩作用。前人关于该岩心的元素地球化学,粒度和年代学数据,共同证明该岩心孔隙率随深度变化特征受稳态压缩过程控制。其孔隙率随深度的变化关系符合稳态压缩模型的经验拟合公式。E272顶部沉积物-水界面处溶解物质与海水的交换以离子扩散机制为主,而岩芯内部溶解物质的迁移则可能主要受自下而上的孔隙水流动机制控制,这与岩芯中活动元素含量上部高,下部低的分布模式一致。该研究对将来进一步讨论E272岩心在早期成岩作用中的化学过程具有指导意义。  相似文献   

Radiation-induced defects in quartz. IV. Thermal properties and implications     

Yuanming Pan  Baoqun Hu 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》2009,36(8):421-430

The thermal stabilities and decay kinetics of three peroxy radicals (Centers #1, B and B′) and three other radiation-induced defects (#3, C′ and E₁′) in natural quartz from the high-grade McArthur River uranium deposit (Athabasca basin, Canada) have been investigated by isochronal and isothermal annealing experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Single-crystal EPR spectra of isochronally (2 h) annealed quartz show that these centers all grow in intensity to 280°C and then decay with further increase in temperature, but their disappearance temperatures differ markedly and depend on the initial concentrations (e.g., Center #1 in a dark smoky quartz is annealed out at 380°C, B and B′ at 420°C and #3 and C′ at 580°C). The isothermal decay processes of these centers are all of the second order type. The calculated activation energies for the peroxy radicals [#1 and B + B′ at 0.36 (9) and 0.83 (8) eV, respectively] are smaller than those of Centers #3, C′ and E₁′ [1.09 (8), 1.24 (8) and 1.45 (7) eV, respectively]. Gamma-ray irradiations of thermally bleached quartz restore a fraction of the peroxy radicals, suggesting that their diamagnetic precursors are stable up to at least 800°C. The unusual decay characteristics of “peroxy radicals” in quartz reported in the literature are shown to most likely arise from multiple radiation-induced defects. These results have implications for not only applications of peroxy radicals in quartz for EPR dating but also better understanding of thermoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectra of this mineral.  相似文献   

刺猬沟金矿石英找矿矿物学研究     

武子玉  李书法  刘斌  周永昶 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,34(3):356-359

石英是刺猬沟金矿重要的脉石矿物,也是金的主要载体.借助于电子顺磁共振、成矿溶液电导度和红外光谱方法对刺猬沟金矿区石英进行了分析.结果表明,电子顺磁共振吸收峰强度、成矿溶液电导度和红外光谱测定的Dco2与石英中Au含量呈正相关关系.成矿溶液电导度＞35.7 μS,DCO2＞0.2矿化好.上述研究获得的信息,对该区找矿和矿床评价具有指导意义.  相似文献